'Children with autism are colorful - they are often very beautiful and, like the rainbow, they stand out.' (Devine, 2014). In life there are sunny days as well as blustery days, which in some cases can be a great or terrible day. Meeting and knowing an individual that has autism spectrum disorder is an experience for those who do not have autism, to learn that not all people are the same. People with autism are blessings to those who nurtured,...
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In this research project, I am going to research if autism is either a disease or a variant of the norm. I personally know someone who has autism and have direct contact with them a lot, this made me question myself more and more about, what it involves. Due to the lack of results from the many types of research taking place to know more about it, I decided to combine the information that has been successfully published to reach...
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Have you ever seen a child or adult who is acting weird and not their age? It is not their fault but they have a genetic disorder called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this paper, the reader will have a good understanding of what autism is. This paper contains a lot of information regarding this topic. Autism, for some reason is starting to become more common in the United States with a 1 in 59 ratio. What is Autism? Autism...
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Generally, parents play an important role in any child's life until they reach adulthood. However, when it comes to the kids diagnosed with Autism, in this scenario, the parents' role becomes more crucial. To support their child to cope with the disorder. Parents have to play different roles like a teacher, therapist, and so on. In the process, parents may not be able to concentrate on the other kids in the family. As they focus their full attention on the...
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Within the 1940s disabled individuals were identified as 'abnormal'. Medical sociologist Talcott Parsons identified individuals whom did not fit in with the 'norm' of society as 'sick' or 'disabled', and therefore viewed them as 'deviant[s]', and as a threat to the maintenance of a 'healthy' society” (Mallet & Cole, 2014). This established the medical model of disability. The medical model establishes disablement as a physiological “flaw of the individual” (Singer, 2017). This medical label prevents the individual from being accepted...
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“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by deficits in communication and social interaction, and the engagement in restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviours” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Due to this, the child will have trouble functioning in work, school, and other areas of life. For example, if routines change this is something a child with ASD will struggle to cope with. As autism affects the child in different ways, this in turn can have an adverse effect...
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I. Introduction Autism is a condition that is present from birth or very early in development that affects essential human behaviours such as social interaction, the ability to communicate ideas and feelings, imagination, and the establishment of relationships with others. It usually has life-long effects on just how children acquire to be social beings, look after themselves, and to join in the community. Autism has grown into the most common neurological and developmental disorder detected in children nowadays. There is...
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Mark Haddon effectively immerses readers in a new world of experience and insight through the viewpoint of a person with implied autism. He showcases this through the individual’s behavioural problems displayed and the challenges faced whilst raising a child with these conditions. Also, Haddon displays this through the enlightenment of the apprehension towards change that a person with this disorder may exhibit. In the novel ‘The curious incident of the dog in the night-time’ (the curious incident) Christopher, who is...
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Cognition is an exceptionally complex, essential feature of human consciousness, yet not all aspects of cognition are consciously experienced. Cognition is sometimes defined as the mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment. In simple terms, cognition means thinking. Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language,...
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Formative assessment Scenario 1 Patrick is a 28-year-old white Scottish male; he has a diagnosis of mild learning disability and Autism. Patrick has epilepsy, which is poorly controlled with Sodium Valproate (500mg twice daily), and his mood is stabilized using Citalopram (20mg daily). Patrick lives in shared accommodation, he shares with one housemate. The housemate has only recently moved into the accommodation following placement by the local authority. The house receives visiting support each day for four hours; Patrick receives...
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that involves the reduced ability to emotionally interpret communication, idiosyncratic preoccupations, repetitive motor patterns, sensory sensitivity, and resistance to change. Typically signs such as failure to respond to one's name, or make eye contact with parents lead to the earliest diagnosis around age two. As usually is the case, early diagnosis and intervention lead to better outcomes Generalized and recurring patterns of brain enlargement in early childhood of children who are eventually...
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Research studies in the past have examined the effect of music therapy on socio-emotional reciprocity in children with ASD (Kim, Wigram, & Gold, 2009; Srinivasan et al., 2015; Thompson, McFerran, & Gold, 2013; Venuti et al., 2017). In the first study of this section, Kim et al. (2009) investigated the characteristics of musical interaction that motivate interpersonal engagement between the therapist and the child. Ten children aged 3 to 5 were recruited from a psychiatric institution for examination in the...
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Introduction The term “streetcorner psychiatrist” is from Teplin and Pruett (1992) who created the term to describe how police are the first to interact with the mentally ill since after deinstitutionalization, a dramatic shift in the mental health care system impacting the mentally ill. This study was published in the International Journal of Law and Psychiatry with data comprising of over 2,000 civilians. The mentally ill observed almost double the rate of being arrested compared to a non-ill person (Teplin...
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After being born, children begin a long process that will help their bodies grow immunity to certain, otherwise possibly deadly, diseases. The first shot a child receives is given a mere 24 hours after their birth, ideally. The antibodies in that shot are designed to protect the child from Hepatitis B. That shot, however, can also be administered later on in life, for the disease is not as life-threatening. The most important shot any person receives is given between 12...
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Introduction 'Welcome to Holland' is a widely celebrated essay written by Emily Perl Kingsley. This thought-provoking piece uses the metaphor of a trip to Holland instead of Italy to describe the experience of raising a child with disabilities. Through its powerful use of language and symbolism, 'Welcome to Holland' offers a profound perspective on parenting, acceptance, and the complex emotions that accompany unexpected life circumstances. In this literary criticism essay, we will delve into the themes, symbolism, and impact of...
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Hogg, & Vaughan (2011) defined attitudes as a “relatively enduring organization of beliefs, feelings and behavioral tendencies towards socially significant groups’ events or symbols”. Researchers regarding attitudes toward individuals with ASD, particularly the attitudes of adults and young people are lacking within the research literature. Earlier researchers' attitudes toward individuals with ASD have focused mainly on the attitudes of typically developing children toward children with ASD. Some research suggests that attitudes toward individuals with autism are primarily positive. A survey...
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Bradley was just three years old when his parents, Tim and Carrie, began noticing how different he was compared to other kids. While other children were able to have a full conversation, his vocabulary was limited to almost eighteen words. He was a sweet kid but didn’t interact with other children, never made eye contact, and never wanted to be touched. Bradley was high-functioning, with a high level of intelligence, but he also showed social, behavioral, and language differences. His...
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The word Autism is derived from the Greek word “autios’’ which means self. ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that persists lifelong. The word Autism was first used by Eugen Bleuler in 1911 as a symptom of Schizophrenia’’ (Onaolapo & Onaolapo, 2017). Normally it is found from infancy to 2 years child (Cohen, 2002). A child with this type of disorder faces difficulty in social communication and language development. It can also affect the brain development. Now a day the rate...
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Abstract These days, autism has been a very interesting scientific subject in many aspects. On the other hand, recent scientific studies show that autism is not based on a single cause. Autism is thought to have many causes, such as genetic factors and environmental factors, and it may have occurred during pregnancy or may have an impact on birth. Unfortunately, there is no definitive treatment for autism yet. However, it is possible to turn negative conditions into positive status in...
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I received the news 7 years ago I was then going to be a sister to not one but two girls, At 9 years old I was heartbroken at the thought of my full world being rocked as I had been an only child all these years. From a very early age my family could tell Millie and Danni weren’t going to be easy to parent, little did we know there was a reason behind the bad behavior and constant...
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At its core, the Theory of Mind hypothesis describes an individual’s ability to understand situations and interpret them correctly from another individual’s perspective. The term ‘Theory of Mind’ was first introduced in the 1970s when investigating primates and intentional behaviors, and it was later suggested by Alan Leslie (1987) that these findings could possibly describe an autistic patient’s mind. His argument surrounded the idea of pretense, and how there is an important link between this and social interaction, and he...
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The movie What’s Eating Gilbert Grape portrays disability in the younger brother of Gilbert, Arnie who is 17 and has a classic case of autism which in the movie cause him to climb the high water tower and go wandering off. This is where Gilbert comes in as he is always taking care of Arnie. The disability of autism that Arnie has is often portrayed in the movie as a nuisance to some people in the community. As the movie...
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The beginning of movie starts with one of the main characters, Charlie Babbitt, arguing and working at his car dealership. On his way to Palm Springs, he gets a call and finds out his father in Cincinnati has died, and his funeral is tomorrow. We also learn that his mother died when he was 2 and that he and his father had a falling out, because they didn't get along. When learning he only got a car and rose bushes...
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Have you ever thought about what you are putting in your kid’s body or your own? Many believe it’s not safe to get vaccines or get all your vaccines in groups and not at once after birth. In other countries, there has been evidence that many vaccines are causing children to show signs of autism not long after. Many are suspicious that it could be causing autism and birth defects. Globally, people all over the world are asking the same...
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John MacDonald, the courant staff writer, stated that today, one point five million Americans believe to have some sort of autism. These numbers have been climbing throughout the years and people are starting to want answers as to why. Scientists and researchers have been investigating the causes of autism and while the answers are still unclear, people have started to believe that vaccines are the issue. Many researchers have proven a number of times that vaccines such as MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella)...
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There used to be this girl in my class at school, her name was Sophie. She never made eye contact with people and mostly was seen walking around school on her own. She kept herself to herself and didn’t talk to us, but she often did mumble along to herself. She was unusual and weird, well that was many students’ opinions. She was never picked on which I guess was good but also no one talked to her, so she...
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Abstract Almost two decades ago, a group of scholars led by a British doctor claimed in The Lancet that the MMR vaccine caused autism in 8 children. Although a substantial body of epidemiological evidence on the safety of the MMR vaccine has accumulated since then, measles outbreaks continue to occur in the U.S. and at least some of those outbreaks were attributed by the media to the anti-vax movement spreading misleading information about vaccines. This research proposal suggests using a...
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The Effect of MMR Vaccine Causing Autism Claim: Vaccines are safe Research Question: What percentage of autism in children under the age of 10 is caused by MMR (Measles, Measles, and Rubella) vaccines? Rationale: The MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is a method created to prevent a person from receiving Measles, Mumps, and Rubella. The vaccine involves a weekend level of a mixture of three viruses, developed by Maurice Hillman. This vaccine in particular was introduced and licenced around...
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Introduction Teaching a child with autism requires a unique approach that considers their individual needs, strengths, and challenges. Autism, a complex developmental disorder, affects a child's communication, social interaction, and behavior. In this analytical analysis essay, we will explore the key strategies and considerations involved in effectively teaching a child with autism, including creating a structured learning environment, implementing visual supports, utilizing sensory integration techniques, fostering social skills development, and promoting inclusive education. Creating a Structured Learning Environment Teaching a...
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Introduction Autism is a complex neurological condition that affects individuals in unique ways. However, labeling autism as a form of brain damage oversimplifies its nature and fails to capture the richness and diversity of the autistic experience. This essay aims to present a persuasive argument against the notion that autism is a kind of brain damage, emphasizing the need for a more nuanced understanding and acceptance of autism as a neurodivergent condition. Understanding Neurodiversity Neurodiversity recognizes that neurological differences, including...
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