The Outsiders, written by a 15-year-old S.E Hinton is an enticing and compelling Bildungsroman telling the story of 14-year-old, Ponyboy Curtis’ life along with his gang in the 60s, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The gang goes through a tough journey together being known as Juvenile delinquents and greasers along with facing the soc’s, stereotyping, grief and the life of being an outsider. Hinton draws you into her novel “The Outsiders” by using key themes such as stereotypes and gang culture. These themes...
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Gun violence previously was, and still currently is, a massive global issue that deserves more attention in order to be rectified. The rate of gun violence in the U.S. remains greater than almost every other country in the world and is at the minimum, seven times larger than countries such as Australia, Canada and France (Alpers & Wilson, 2013). In March 2018, the surviving student victims of the mass shooting at the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Florida, established...
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A general and overall answer towards the first sub question, are there psychological effects that are projected because of police brutality? Is yes. From analysing 4 different sources and 4 annotations I can understand that there are indeed psychological effects that can be conducted from police brutality. Not in every case are the psychological effects towards the victims of police brutality but to their peers, friends, family and loved ones. There are many different reports and cases of Americans feeling...
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Abstract There has always been an increase in cases of crimes among children under the age of 18 years. This trend led to more discussions, which include the causes and impacts it has in society. Psychologists and other scholars were involved in the development of theories that described how children ended up breaking the law. One of them is Robert Merton; he introduced the Anomie theory in explaining that social differences make children develop behaviors that entail at breaking the...
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Serial killers or multiple murderers are differentiated from single murderers in the fact that they have multiple victims. They are defined as people who have murdered more than three times. In more recent times, multiple killings are not as common as they may have been in the 1970s and 1980s. Much more advanced technologies and methodology allow law enforcement to pick apart the motivations and techniques that relate to each killer and apprehend them before their crimes can continue. The...
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Australia’s what works rehabilitation scheme In recent years, correctional agencies around Australia have been increasingly influenced by what is commonly known as the 'what works' model to offender rehabilitation. This system claims to be more effective in discouraging reoffences. The approach consists of three key principles, the 'risk principle' that suggests offenders most likely to re-offend should receive the most intensive rehabilitation. More intensive programs are offered to those assessed high risk. The ‘needs principle’ aim to change the needs...
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Crime is an omission that is punishable by the law and is a behaviour that can be learnt. In 1939, the theory of differential association by Edwin H. Sutherland suggested that criminal behaviour is learned by one associating with others who have criminal attitudes and norms (Jefferey, 1965). Modern learning theory revolves around the notion of conditioning, and the fact that behaviour is related to the environment in which it occurs (Jefferey, 1965). This essay aims to discuss the way...
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In the last five years, India has seen a rigorous rise in the hate crimes towards minority communities with Muslims and Dalits constituting a significant share as the victims of religious hate crimes. India is a Secular, Democratic, Republic, however, the responses from the state administration and machinery are in contradiction with these constitutional safeguard .The fairness and credibility of state apparatuses have been called into question due to its partial interventions in the hate crime cases. These crimes are...
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Abstract The intended purpose of this investigation paper is to educate the reader or readers about the culture, pros, cons, stereotypes and matter, both artistic and legal regarding Graffiti. As an artist myself, I thought it may be interesting to dig into a world of art that I am not all to familiar with. Throughout this paper, I will be giving some information regarding what graffiti is as well as addressing the issue as to whether it should be considered...
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A government’s success is intrinsically linked to its ability to control its citizens. In the case of George Orwell’s dystopian novel, 1984, the central government, Ingsoc, violates freedom of speech and its civilians' privacy in order to root out dissenting ideas about leadership. Through similar practices, the Chinese government also violates its civilians’ rights in order to maintain its power. These practices involve propaganda about the government, surveillance of their citizens and censorship of expression by the government. These practices...
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Juvenile Delinquency has evolved overtime, leading to new found crimes and punishments within the system. Delinquency is primarily dominate in young adolescents transitioning into their adult life. It is the act of unlawful behavior that is specifically fulfilled by minors- mostly individuals start under the legally issued age in America. Surprisingly, “A significant proportion of U.S. national crime rate trends over time can be explained by fluctuations in the proportion of the population in the crime-prone age group of 15-...
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On September 25, 2010 a young woman went to her best friend's house for a party after a college football game. After falling asleep on his couch for several hours she woke up to him doing unspeakable things to her. Out of fear, she pretended to remain unconscious. After he was done and had left the room, she grabbed her belongings and bolted for the door. He proceeded to chase after her. Because of the extreme physical pain and shock...
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There has been an increase over the years where our juveniles have experienced the use of narcotic drugs. Sometimes it is a one-time use, or they can become addicted. Furthermore, drugs and violence both has an effect on our juveniles and causes them to demonstrate criminal behavior. Secondly, juveniles have varied of ways to get access to illicit substances. Most of the time at school or though their peers. Some juveniles have access to substances in their own home such...
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When most people hear the word serial killer their mind forms a picture of a celebrity monster. Celebrities because the media has captured the attention of society to discuss the interest of it. Monsters because of the horrific crimes that have been committed and having the capacity to repeatedly kill. Some pathological behaviors are common in serial killers. Psychopathy and serial murders are two who walk among us capable of committing acts without feeling any guilt or remorse. According to...
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Introduction It refers to people who have migrated to the country in violation of the country's immigration laws or who do not have legal residency to continue to live. The most common pattern of illegal immigration is the development of countries with low socioeconomic levels to more developed countries. This could lead to the risk of immigration detention or deportation or other sanctions. Some movements discourage the use of the term 'illegal immigration', often based on the argument that day-to-day...
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Introduction A serial killer is a person who “kills on at least three occasions, with what can be called an emotional cooling-off period between the incidents” (Alvarez & Bachman, 2017, p129). I have always been interested in criminal justice as a whole from both points of view: the criminal and the system. There are a few specific topics that I am particularly intrigued by and serial killers is one of them. The mind of a serial killer, the motive, the...
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Introduction The juvenile justice system is a specific component of the judiciary that processes cases of youth aged 18 years and below accused of involvement in delinquency or criminal acts. There exist multiple similarities between the system and the adult justice system, especially the mode of executing the process. The processes involved include arrest, detainment, petitions, hearings, adjudications, dispositions, placement, probation, and reentry. The application of the juvenile justice system embraces the fact that youth are different from adults in...
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The programs available within my community that I was able to locate are as follows, Jubilee Centre – Safe Bed Crisis Support, Justice Support Services through the Canadian Mental Health Association and then through the local North Eastern Ontario Family and Children’s Services, there’s Youth Justice Committees, Attendance Centers, Community Support Teams, Residential Programs, a Restorative Justice program and bullying mediation programs offered by the Timmins Police. All these programs are geared towards the successful rehabilitation of youth to encourage...
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Abstract Have you ever wondered makes a serial killer? Why do they act the way they do and what do they have in common? In this paper, I start with explaining what astrology is and how some signs characteristics are different than others. I used an article by Aaron Azucena in which he describes what a zodiac sign is and how they present themselves in people. I also look into monoamine oxidase which is also known as “the serial killer...
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“When I got stopped the other day, I wasn’t a cop. I wasn’t a guy who lived in a neighborhood looking for his daughter’s toy. I was a black man, a dangerous black man. That’s all he could see: a threat” (Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Terry Jeffords). Racial profiling is a serious problem that targets minorities. The tactic is used by police, and it simply judges a person based on their skin color and not evidence. Racial profiling compromises the very fabric...
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The focus on Juvenile Delinquency or Youth Offending behaviour has been a recurrent issue that has dominated public and political discourses around the world (Baligar, 2014 & Farrington-Douglas & Durante, 2009), with its origins being traced back to London’s Report of the Committee for Investigating the Causes of the Alarming Increase in Juvenile Delinquency in the Metropolis in the 1800s (Committee in to Juvenile Delinquency, 1816). Since then, Juvenile Delinquency has become an increasingly complex issue globally, with many countries...
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Introduction To start with, police brutality and crime are widely known as political issues that have a huge impact on the societies. Police brutality is when police members act and use an unnecessary excessive force towards either a group or an individual (1). This eventually leads to the violation of their civil rights. In addition to that, the misuse of police legitimacy in the society will lead to a deficiency or a defected society where people will not turn to...
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In answering this question, items 3, 4, 16, 1 and 2 are considered respectively. 98% of the respondents agreed that the Scripture contains biblical stories of youths who cause positive changes and live exemplary while 2% are not sure. But upon this inference were the analysis based for reliable inferences. Adewusi asserts that “the Bible is the standard for every believer and according to it, there is nothing ever new in the world today. Both the good and bad, tall...
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Correctional psychology is defined as the application of basic and applied psychological science or scientifically-oriented professional practice to the justice system to enable the proper classification, treatment, and management of offenders. In short, this means counsellors and psychologists who use criminal and basic psychology to work with criminals. The institutions in which correctional psychologists work can be jails, state and federal prisons, juvenile or adult detention centers, and residential “halfway” houses, where inmates may live transitionally after leaving prison. Though...
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Love continues through Euripides’s Medea. Euripides’s Medea is an ancient Greek tragedy based on the myth of Medea and Jason. The play that was discussed about in class is based on the actions of Medea who was a princess of the Colchis Kingdom. Medea can be described as a fine line just between hate and love but we wonder what one is more than the other. It seems as if she is loving wife but also a dangerous enemy at...
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While other developed nations are trying to reduce the levels of imprisonment, United States of America has focused much on penal sanctions on a variety of offences touching on adults. In 1970s, when American politicians realized that rehabilitative programs could not work, they persuaded American people that there was need to use tough methods for adult offenders. So from that time up to date United States prisons population has tremendously increased. Juvenile justice system has received mixed reactions from different...
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Serial murders are the most common form of multiple murder in the United States. It is characterized by the killing of three or more people over a period of days, week, or even years in between them. Research shows that the increase in the amount of serial murders, that has occurred in the second half of the 20th century, was a trend that was destined to continue. Over the years, murders have increased by 300%. This behavior was linked to...
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A lack of mutual respect between law enforcement and private security has been established. Much of this is attributable to the perceived law enforcement differential status — the police attach a higher level or degree of status to the role of law enforcement than to private security (Raines, 2006). Therefore, mutual disrespect is nurtured by the existence of mutual negative stereotyping which reinforces itself and is rooted in misinformation, mistrust, distrust and prejudice. Police officers find themselves to be 'professionals'...
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From the start of the nineteenth century, youth have been granted the privilege of being tried as children, rather than adults. Before then, any child above the age of seven could be charged as an adult criminal and sent to prison (National Academic Press). According to Juvenile Justice, Juvenile Crime which was published by the National Academic Press, the first juvenile court was founded in 1899 in Chicago. The United States juvenile justice system has been back and forth on...
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The introduction of the internet brought about a new revolution of connectivity and communication, but along with accessibility of communication arose the simplicity to discriminate against individuals and large groups of people with the touch of a finger. Derogatory and inflammatory speech in the United States has technically been around since the country’s founding, but it was not classified as a hate crime until the expansion of the Hate Crime Laws in 2009. Though there has been debate over its...
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