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Methane is a chemical compound (CH4) including one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen.And it was discovered and isolated by Alessandro volta during his studies between 1776 and 1778 when he was studying marsh gas from lake maggiore.
It’s a tetrahedral molecule with four C-H bonds and at room temperature (20 °C) and standard pressure (105 Pa) is a colorless and deodorized gass. It is simplest alkane and it’s the main component of natural gas. Abundance of methane on our planet makes it an economically attractive fuel and it is major integrant of natural gas (87% by volume).Methane is used in industrial chemical processes and can be transported as a refrigerated liquid (liquefied natural gas or LNG). While leaks from a refrigerated liquid container are initially heavier than air due to the increased density of cold gas, gas at room temperature is lighter than air. Pipelines distribute large quantities of natural gas, of which methane is the main component; and it used as a fuel for furnaces, homes, water heaters, furnaces, automobiles, turbines and others. Activated carbon is used to store methane. Refined liquid methane is used as rocket fuel, when combined with liquid oxygen, as in the BE-4 and Raptor engines
The greenhouse effect is the process whereby radiation from the atmosphere of a planet warms the planet to a temperature higher than without this atmosphere.
In 2010, methane levels were estimated at 1850 nmolmol in the Arctic. In the last 400,000 years, this amount is about twice as high as at any time. During the glacial cycles generally referred to as ice ages, historical methane concentrations in the world atmosphere ranged between 300 and 400 nmolmol, and between 600 and 700 nmolmol during the warm interglacial periods. A possible significant source of Arctic methane is the Earth's oceans. Methane is a major greenhouse gas with a global warming potential of 34 over a 100-year cycle compared to CO2(potential of 1), and 72 over a 20-year period. Since 1750, the Earth's concentration of atmospheric methane has risen by about 150%, accounting for 20% of the overall radiative forcing of all long-lived and globally mixed greenhouse gases (these gases do not include water vapor, which is by far the largest portion of the greenhouse effect)
Sharp increases in levels of atmospheric methane have been reported from 2015 to 2019. In February 2020, methane emissions from the fossil fuel industry were confirmed to have been dramatically underestimated. Climate change will raise the levels of atmospheric methane by increasing the production of methane in natural environments and providing input on climate change.
Methane is non-toxic, yet extremely flammable, and may form explosive mixtures of air. Methane is also an asphyxiant when the concentration of oxygen is reduced to less than about 16 per cent by displacement, as most people can tolerate a reduction from 21 per cent to 16 per cent without adverse effects. The concentration of methane at which the risk of asphyxiation becomes significant is much higher than the 5–15 percent concentration in a flammable or explosive mixture. Methane gas can penetrate the interiors of buildings near landfills and expose the occupants to significant levels of methane. Some buildings have specially designed recovery systems below their basements to actively capture this gas and remove it from the building.
CH4 reduction gives different advantages such as energy stability, environmental decrease Contamination. CH4 reduces global warming, on the other hand, which alleviates global warming Shift in the atmosphere.Methane reduction offers a global opportunity to increase air quality, and can be a cost-effective part of international ozone management that offers several advantages ,Quality of air, atmosphere, farming and human health.
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