Design And Fabrication Of Solar Oxy-Hydrogen Generator

ABSTRACT

Today modern world has heavily industrialized. The pollution that caused by the increasing amount of vehicle that dominates the transport system of any country in the world. So, It gives vehicular emissions heavily caused the atmosphere. An attempt made on this project is to design and fabricate a solar oxy- hydrogen vehicle to solve the above problem. Electrolysis of water can give us hydrogen inform of oxy-hydrogen gas which can be used as an alternate fuel for any internal combustion engine. Water is the only by-product of the combustion process resulting increases cooling, decreases temperature during combustion process. So the exhaust is non-toxic. It ability to use water for regeneration of oxy-hydrogen. The solar panel is provided for additional power supply for production of oxy-hydrogen and is not directly involved in running vehicle.

INTRODUCTION

Internal Combustion Engine

In an internal combustion engine, the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion applies direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, rotor or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy.

Oxy Hydrogen

Oxy hydrogen is a mixture of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) gases. This gaseous mixture is used for torches to process refractory materials and was the first gaseous mixture used for welding. Theoretically, a ratio of 2:1 hydrogen :oxygen is enough to achieve maximum efficiency; in practice a ratio 4:1 or 5:1 is needed to avoid an oxidizing flame.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS

Problem Statement

Today’s modern world heavily industrialized. That is affected by the pollution caused by increasing amount of vehicles that dominate the transport system. This has led to severe catastrophic damage to the atmosphere rendering it unusable to most living things on planet earth. So The attempt to run the Internal Combustion Engine of a Vehicle using the Oxy-Hydrogen Gas as a fuel along with Solar Energy for producing additional energy for the production of Oxy hydrogen.

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Hydrogen Vehicle

A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power. Hydrogen vehicles include hydrogen fueled space rockets, as well as automobiles and other transportation vehicles. The power plants of such vehicles convert the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy either by burning hydrogen in an internal combustion engine, or by reacting hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell to run electric motors. Widespread use of hydrogen for fueling transportation is a key element of a proposed hydrogen economy.

As of 2014, 95% of hydrogen is made from natural gas. It can be produced using renewable sources, but that is an expensive process. Integrated wind-to-hydrogen (power to gas) plants, using electrolysis of water, are exploring technologies to deliver costs low enough, and quantities great enough, to compete with hydrogen production using natural gas. The drawbacks of hydrogen use are high carbon emissions intensity when produced from natural gas, capital cost burden, low energy content per unit volume, production and compression of hydrogen, and the large investment in infrastructure that would be required to fuel vehicles and its massive safety concern.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

When power supply is given to the electrodes, due to the electrolysis process the hydrogen gas is get accumulated at the top of the generator because of its low density and That is passed to the bubbler in order to arrest the backfire. We can test whether the out coming gas is hydrogen or other gases by firing at the end of the outlet tube. If the gas extinguish with a characteristic pop sound, it is confirmed that the gas is hydrogen gas. Note that if there is insufficient hydrogen gas, the flame may not be completely extinguished. And another main thing is that hydrogen gas cannot be saved, Because it has an explosive property.

CONCLUSION

According to the results we obtained, the amount of oxy-hydrogen gas is increased by increasing the electric power. More efficient hydrogen gas can be produced based on the parameters of distance between the plates, catalyst used and material used. The design we adapted enabled successful production of hydrogen by utilizing solar energy to battery backup. Further the hydrogen gas produced can be used to run the vehicle by using it in engine as an alternate fuel for Petrol and Diesel. But it quit complicated that Hydrogen gas cannot be saved and hydrogen gas has low intensity. For over coming this Intensifier is required which will increase the intensity and pressure of the hydrogen gas. When we use intensifier we can use hydrogen gas as an alternate fuel, which will produce non toxic exhaust gas with zero emission. Due to that we can reduce the environmental pollution to the much more extend.