Literature is a term to describe mainly written works and sometimes spoken or voiced materials. It was derived from the Latin word litaritura/litteratura which means “writing formed with letters”. Literature mostly refers to creative literary works, for example, poetry, drama, novel, short story, and songs. As our cultures and societies developed, there was a massive development in the forms of literature. It is formed by diversity, including feelings, expressions, emotions, and languages which are reflected in daily or social life.
In literature, two main categories differ in the genres of literary works. Those categories are fiction and nonfiction. Fiction is a written literary work that was created from the writer’s imagination in which the events, characters, and facts are not based on the reality. Nonfiction on other hand is a written literary work that is based on real events or people. Literary works including the novel, fairy tale, and short stories are categorized as fiction, while history, biography, and essay are categorized as nonfiction.
Film or movie is one of the well-known literary works. It is a recording of moving images or video which can be watched on screen or television that tells a story. As technology gets advanced and developing rapidly; an innovation was
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invented known as an interactive film. An interactive film, also known as a movie game, falls into a video game category or genre which has the main storyline and the gameplay is displayed cinematically. Moreover, it also has choices or options in which the player has to choose that will trigger the alternative scenes or actions which determine the storyline and the actions of the character.
A character is part of a fundamental element in the literary works because it takes an essential role to display any behavior of each character in it. In a game, a character is a person who can be controlled by the player. Therefore, a character in a game is referred to as a player character. There are three dimensions of character according to Egri. The dimensions are physiology, sociology, and psychology (Egri, 1960). The physiology dimension is the physical description of the character such as sex, skin color, hair color, weight, height, and other physical characteristics. Sociology is the social life of the character or the person itself, for example, social background, educational background, occupation, and others. The last dimension is the psychology dimension which involves psychological background including attitude, ethics, manner, abilities, and others. These dimensions are applied in literary works including interactive fiction.
The study of psychology that analyzes the psychological condition of the human being is Psychoanalysis. The theory of Psychoanalysis was proposed by Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939). This theory focused on personality, especially personality formation/structure and personality development. Freud believed that the whole personality of a person is consisting of 3 major systems; which are known by Id, Ego, and Superego. Those systems are the Personality Structure of a person and it formed the personality of a person. Ego Defense Mechanisms are part of personality development. Its job is to protect a person from anxiety that arises from something unacceptable and shocking, for example, scary things or life-threatening events. It unconsciously arises to protect a person from feeling anxious or guilty when they feel threatened. Ego Defense Mechanisms are not within our conscious control, but it is a normal thing. But, when it arises frequently without any triggers, the neuroses will develop, such as phobias, obsessions, or hysteria, which will obstruct one’s personality development.
The Walking Dead: Michonne is an interactive film or episodic adventure game based on The Walking Dead comic book. The game was announced by Telltale Games on June 15, 2015, at E3 2015. The game itself consists of three episodes and was released on February 23, 2016. The game took place between issues 126 and 139 of the comic series. It shows the events of what Michonne was doing and her journey during her temporary departure from the group of survivors led by Rick Grimes. Through the games, the player will help Michonne during her journey by controlling her and making the decisions that determine Michonne’s actions and tailors the plot and possible ending. The choice made by the player will also help Michonne to survive during the zombie outbreak. Every choice will show how can Michonne survive and regroup with her team once more. The Walking Dead: Michonne game received mixed reviews from critics. The atmosphere, action sequences, and the character development of Michonne were praised by the critics, but it was criticized for its story, side characters, short episode lengths, and graphical glitches. Although the game received mixed reviews from critics, the writer believes that it is worth analyzing the psychological aspect of the protagonist as the character development was praised by the critic. Moreover, no one has ever analyzed the psychological aspects of this game. The writer is interested in analyzing the kinds of Ego Defense Mechanisms and also the role of the Personality Structure of the protagonist, Michonne and how can those mechanisms help the protagonist to survive, because by analyzing the psychological aspects of the protagonist in this game, it will help both the writer and the readers to understand how and why we feel as we do. Moreover, understanding the psychological aspects and principles, specifically, the Ego Defense Mechanisms can help us to determine what we can do in order to respond to unwanted emotions.
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