Good morning, senior students and teachers, I hope you are all doing well today. It is a pleasure to be educating you today about how literature is a vital tool for social critique and transformation. I would love to be here with you all day discussing how many different themes Huxley has decided to put into his novel Brave New World. However, alas, I do not have enough time to cover all that is investigated; I will be presenting how...
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Eugenics is a term commonly associated with the dreadful moment in history regarding World War 2. It is defined as “the practice or advocacy of controlled selective breeding of human populations to improve the population’s genetic composition” (Merriam Webster). Many people of the United States are unaware that we had similar, though not as extreme, actions towards the eugenics movement. In the past, we had promoted eugenics through the sterilization movement. Now, with up and coming technologies, we once again...
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Eugenics is the practice of upgrading the human species by selecting specific people to reproduce with a wanted hereditary trait. The term Eugenics means “good creation”. The main idea is that it will breed out disease and undesired traits from a human population. It is believed that eugenics could breed out illnesses like mental illness, criminal actives, and even things like poverty. Eugenics influenced people who agreed with the practice to reproduce with people who had good traits other than...
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Bioethics is the study of the ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine. Bioethics blends issues concerning ethical questions that come from a multitude of areas, from life science to biotechnology, medicine, medical ethics, politics, law, and philosophy. It is a rather young academic field that has emerged rapidly as questions about basic human values such as the rights to life and health, and the rightness or wrongness of certain developments in healthcare institutions, such as life technology,...
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Imagine a world where no one has chronic diseases. No babies die of genetic diseases within a year of being born. Imagine a world where the government dictates who can reproduce. A world where those with mental afflictions or physical disabilities are sterilized. Some of these statements elicit feelings of joy and progress, while others bring up feelings of unease and bigotry. This paper will cover the positive and negative aspects of Eugenics as well as the modern and proper...
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This is defined as the study of practices which aim in improvement of undesirable characters which are inheritable. There are theories of criminology which eugenics relate to and they include; biological theories of crime which explain some behaviors which are contrary tothe expectations of the society by examining the characters of the individual. Those behaviors include violation of laws. Another example is the criminal justice of crimes which tends to explain that the rates at which the crimes are committed...
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Eugenics is derived from the Greek meaning “well-born”. It is the science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics. Because of this, it can be closely linked to Social Darwinism, the application of natural selection to human society. Nowadays, eugenics is a term used almost exclusively with regard to Nazi Germany, however eugenics had been around for decades before the Nazis and Adolf Hitler rose to power. The concept of eugenics can...
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Eugenics were primarily used to “improve the genetic composition of the human race” (“Introduction to Eugenics”). Traits were selectively breed to make the human race better. Many people felt that being Deaf was not a desirable trait and through selective breeding they could get rid of it. They didn’t understand that being Deaf wasn’t something the person could control. Deaf people were not allowed to marry or have children because people were afraid they would have more deaf people Eugenics...
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In the 20th century, there was a period of murder and brutality that was brought on by the eugenics movement. This cruelty mainly occurred in Nazi controlled Germany during World War II, but the eugenics movement was quite strong in the United States of America as well. Eugenics is the controlled sexual or asexual reproduction of people to encourage people with good genes to reproduce while forcing people with bad genes to not reproduce. This idea, first developed by Sir...
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“We used to think that our fate was in the stars, but now we know that our fate is in our genes,” said Dr. James Watson (After Darwin, 2005). Genes are the physical and functional fundamental units of heredity. Genes are a specific segment of DNA that determine our inherited traits. Every gene has two copies, one copy from each parent. A majority of genes are going to be the same in all humans except for a small amount. Alleles...
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The rise of eugenics was popularized with Francis Galton in the 19th century. Galton devoted much of his scholarly life to exploring variation in human populations and its implications. Galton established a research program which looked at variations in human populations: mental characteristics, height, facial images, fingerprint patterns, etc. This required inventing measures of traits, devising large-scale collection of data using those measures, and in the end, the discovery of new statistical techniques for describing and understanding the data. His...
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Eugenics and genetic improvements are practices that emerge from advancement in genetic understanding and that essentially seek to improve the human race. Eugenics particular is a practice that advocates for controlled human breeding where people with undesirable genetic or hereditary traits are prevented to mate and thus do not pass those traits onto others. genetic enhancement, on the other hand, is the practice of altering the genetic makeup of an individual, to give them desirable traits and take away those...
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Introduction Eugenics is the philosophy and social movement that argues in favor of human advancement and engineering. Eugenics can be dated all the way back to 1883 with Sir Francis Galton who proposed being “well-born”, which is the idea of selective procreation with “desirable traits” (Genetics Generation, 2015). Eugenics is a highly debated topic and is somewhat frowned upon because of the actions taken in World War II and America. For example, Adolf Hitler was concerned with the concept of...
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INTRODUCTION For this topic, I plan to discuss eugenics and the forced sterilization of women in the early 20th century. I plan to explain how mostly the disabled, immigrants, and minorities were targeted as well as the implications of that. I will explain the racist and ableist roots of this era of American history, and how it’s tied with the vision of “perfecting the human race”. Essentially to protect society to those deemed “inferior”. I also plan to discuss briefly...
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Involuntary sterilization in the United states started with the Eugenics movement in early 20th century. Eugenics was a compulsory sterilization movement that was of decreasing non-favorable population, including disables, feeble-minded and non-Anglo people in US. (Barnett, 2004). Although the idea of manipulating human reproduction to improve the species has been traced back to Plato's Republic (circa 368 BCE) and beyond, the word eugenics has a recent and precisely identifiable origin. (Barnett, 2004). In true Victorian style, Galton—a scientific polymath and...
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Phrenology was a pseudoscience that aimed to study the size and shapes of skulls in order to determine one’s mental abilities, or lack thereof (Real Archaeology, 2017). This “science” was welcomed in the early 1800’s but it has since been refused by most scientists for at least the past 50 or 60 years. Even though we may reject it now, phrenology was used to confirm many racist beliefs in the 1800s and those beliefs are embedded in our society. There...
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The purpose of this article is to sensitize the clinical genetics community to the issues of discrimination against children with Down syndrome and their families as discrimination represent economic and social coercion, in order to make attempts to provide non directive prenatal genetic counseling and provide postnatal care and counseling. Down syndrome is a genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays.’ It causes a distinct facial appearance,, intellectual disability and developmental delays. It may be associated with thyroid...
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Abstract It has been recognized that women in prison have numerous gender and social issues that need to be considered. These considerations include less access to health services, histories of physical abuse, mental health needs, homelessness, drug and alcohol abuse, poverty, and lower access to education. Women require different health and social attention than men when incarcerated. This paper looks at the involuntary sterilization of women prisoners, and various gender, class, and race concepts. The history of forced sterilization, the...
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Eugenics has had many different faces throughout history and it is still prevalent in the world today. Laura Hix of Northwestern University does a good job of introducing eugenics. She starts by explaining eugenics means “good genes”. It is derived from the Greek word “eu” meaning good and “genos” meaning offspring. Before eugenics was applied to humans, it worked to improve the genetic traits of crops to make farming more efficient. Now, modern genetics focuses on repairing the “faulty” genes...
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In the late 19th and early 20th century, Britain was seen as one of the strongest empires across the world; and was also spread with an imperialistic attitude which can be seen from the 20 year reign on the Conservatives which was the party of the empire. However, this imperialistic atmosphere within Britain was soon to be stopped by the questions caused as a consequence of the failure of the Boer War: What was Britain's position in the world? The...
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The fight for reproductive rights has been a long and continuous one that has been prominent for centuries. A woman’s right to have control and power over her own body and its abilities has been historically difficult to achieve, due to the patriarchal structure of our society, and is a battle that women are still fighting globally. However, there was rapid growth of the movement in the second wave of feminism that happened between the 1960s and 1980s. The rise...
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There has been a long history of forced sterilization in the United States. Many of these coerced sterilizations were targeted towards poor people, minorities and those who were disabled. According to a peer reviewed journal, Mexican American and Eugenic Sterilization, one of the root cases of sterilization, is Buck v. Bell. Carrie Buck was a woman who had been taken into a mental institution. Her condition was said to be present through at least three generations of her family. The...
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Throughout the world there are many dangers to the health of humans—war, climate change, and resource scarcity are just a few. However, one of the largest threats to the well-being of the human species is disease. Specifically, genetical diseases such as those that infants are born with. With these diseases come scientific endeavors to try and remedy the illnesses. One of these innovations is gene editing, which is also associated with the name CRISPR-Cas9. Gene editing involves changing the make-up...
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Genetic engineering is the process of directly manipulating an organism’s genes in order to modify a desired set of characteristics. Humans have been altering the genome of species for thousands of years through selective breeding and artificial selection, however, it wasn’t until the discovery of recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid in 1972 that DNA could be directly manipulated. For several decades, scientists and geneticists experimenting with gene editing saw varying degrees of success; these experiments were also very expensive and took several...
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The debate of nature vs. nurture is a centuries long discussion splitting psychologist’s perspectives on human behavior and traits. The nature position of the debate focuses on how DNA and genotype influence behavior and personality. It is essentially hard-wired into your being. On the other hand, nurture leans toward outside influences and interactions shaping your mind. Nurture is founded on the belief that your mind is a blank slate, or a “tabula rasa.” Some psychologists believe in both sides, saying...
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Scientists in the 20th century focused on previous research based on race and whether or not it had any substance today. The term ‘race’ is often rejected by scientists due to its prejudicial and mythical nature. Scientists today often claim that race is a human construct, not a scientific one. They reject scientists who argue that race is true, as they do so based on a sense of false ‘scientific’ evidence. Despite this, some scientists maintain race to be true,...
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