The role of the artist and intellectual in twentieth-century politically convulsed Europe was ambiguous and altogether disagreeable. The source of this dispute is deeply rooted in moral and ethical grounds and, in order to offer a more refreshing view on it, the sociological dialectics of Niklas Luhmann will be exposed. Nevertheless, first we shall consider the philosophical state of the author’s writing context: Postmodernism, and more specifically, poststructuralism. By the time Luhmann ponders about the meaning of interaction, or better...
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United States has embraced of the most diverse population in the world today. It is diverse in terms of its ethnic makeup and religious practices for immigrants. Immigrants from different nation congregate upon the United States in Seeking for a better life for family or simple to fulfill a long-life dream. Therefore, we discover the loss of social or family support, the need to afford a new unknown life style and many times harsh alleged environment, or languages/communications problems. In...
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Introduction Rabindranath Tagore would have never imagined that his composition would have become such a debatable issue. The contention behind Bharato Bhagyo Bidhata was to bring countrymen under one flag by putting aside their differences. The first stanza of Bharato Bhagyo Bidhatha is the national anthem of India. It has become the sixty-four thousand dollar question after the SC passed the order that it would be compulsory to stand in cinema halls for National Anthem as a gesture of respect....
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Expressionism played a very important role in the artistic scene of Germany, primarily occurring at the onset of the 20th century. It talks about humanity's role on earth and with each other, and how broader society alienates individuals, while also trying to give off empathy and compassion artists had for each other. The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, a silent horror film directed by Robert Wiene can be used as a prime example of the permanence of the expressionist movement in...
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Life in Europe during the time leading up to World War 2 was a time of great turmoil. While the countries in the League of Nations wanted to avoid conflicts and wars altogether because of the severity of World War One, there were several factors that led to the beginning of World War Two. The rise of Nazism and Adolf Hitler rising to power as German Chancellor and employing the use of aggressive foreign policy, were among some of the...
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Christianity began to gain momentum in Europe as the main religion. This called for the European lifestyles to match the momentum created. Buildings had to be bigger, larger, and taller than ever before. This required new architectural techniques in order to fulfill the new demand of exceptional buildings. This new form of architecture of large vertical buildings with intricate detail inside and out was called Gothic architecture. The term “Gothic” architecture can be derived from the Romanesque timeline and there...
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American Definition What is the definition of an American? Not all us citizens are supposed to be native to the US in order to be considered an American. Many people from all over come for a greater, better life and make sacrifices to get to America. America has a mix of cultures and freedoms so everyone can be equal. A true American works very hard and is very proud to be an American. A true American is someone who is...
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A fundemental question that is asked is 'what defines national identity'? Is it the way people speak? The way they move? Or is it what makes the country stand out? The Oxford Dictionary defines nationalsim as 'Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.'(Dcitionary, 2018) Taking this into consideration it is important to look into how nationalsim is portrayed throughout various types of performance. This essay...
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German expressionism is not distinguished by a particular style or method of creation, it is better described as a portrayal of the artists' inner feelings and emotions. This essay explores how Expressionism as a movement emerged across various cities in Germany from approximately 1905 to 1920 and how the prominent artists of that time created a movement that would challenge societies perceptions of art in way that created a more personal experience for the artist and the viewer. (ref1) Prior...
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The term ‘America First’ has a dark history of extreme white nationalism and is deeply rooted in racism, anti-immigration and xenophobia. However, the origins of this phrase stems from 1915, during the Great War, where President Woodrow Wilson and Americans used this slogan to oppose any US involvement in the First World War, in order to protect their own national interests. ‘America First’ was a form of American nationalism, but its meaning had evolved over time and had become distorted...
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America is a contradiction. It’s core constitutional values rest on prosperity, and the idea that all men are created equal, and yet was built and is thriving off of the systematic oppression and domination of people of color. It could be argued that the American culture hinges on on a widespread set of views, norms and beliefs, rather than true democratic norms. Without a doubt, from a young age we’re indoctrinated by Americanism. Activities such as learning the Pledge of...
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Summary of Australia’s current national anthem What is it about? The song is about the people to celebrate what Australia has to offer the bounty of our natures and being surrounded by sea and beautiful beaches, it also talks about welcoming all around the world and sharing what Australia as to offer. Whose perspectives are included/not included? The indigenous people and old people are being left out and not being acknowledged within the words of the anthem. Diverse nature of...
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I’d like to discuss the background of the two national anthems of my mother country - Vietnam and Australia. It also involves the comparison and my point of views between these two national anthems. First of all, I would like to discuss the Australian national anthem: “Advance Australia Fair”. The words and music to this song were written in 1878 by Peter Dodds McCormick, a Scotsman who emigrated to New South Wales in the 1850s. For a brief history, Australia...
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We are one and we are many. A famous Australian verse, sentence and lyric that Australians live by. The past couple of years Australia has been going through a tough time considering the national anthem. Many say the national anthem is racist and should be changed, and I for one agree with that statement. Hours upon hours of research I have finally come to the conclusion that the Australian national anthem is, well, racist. Written in 1879, Australia’s national anthem...
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Throughout the history of mankind, there have been atrocities that have rocked the world and changed the way we view the world around us. In the 1930s, the world watched on as the defeated people of Germany turned to Hitler and followed him into his final solution to the ‘Jewish problem’. This solution was the extermination of all individuals of Jewish descent. However, this ‘solution’ has come to be known as the holocaust and is the worst Genocide in recorded...
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The Australian education system is still lacking in embedding Indigenous perspectives into the school curriculums. Despite various amendments to both the Australian curriculum standards and New South Wales Education Standards (NESA), there are still beliefs and perspectives to be reformed about Indigenous history. The current curriculum sets out a framework for schools and education providers, but recently many debates and controversies surrounding the perspectives of Aboriginals within the Australian culture. Most noteworthy was the Australian Day protests and petitions to...
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Let me start by asking you all some questions, who are you, what is your purpose, what do you aspire to be? Now I’m sure some of you have your whole future seemingly planed out but, for the large majority of us we’re still unsure. In psychology, the concept of identity is described as “the qualities, beliefs, personality, looks and/or expressions that make a person or group”. The 2011 Novel, The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, takes this concept on...
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Standing for the flag of our country displays pride and patriotism. For Colin Kaepernick, standing for the flag is unjust for a country that oppresses people of color. “…To me, this is bigger than football and it would be selfish on my part to look the other way. There are bodies in the street and people getting paid leave and getting away with murder.” which Kaepernick stated. (Wyche) This statement leads to the beginning of a movement throughout the sports...
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In this essay, ’Flower of Scotland’, ‘Land of Hope and Glory’, ‘A Soldier’s Song’ and ‘Land of my Fathers’ anthems will be object of comparison and analysis. After a deep reflection, will be decided which anthem is more adequate to be a national anthem. ‘Flower of Scotland’ was written by Roy Williamson in honor of the Bannockburn Battle in 1314. This battle occurred in the first stage of the Wars of Scottish Independence, during the 13th and 14th centuries. Against...
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Ambivalent sexism is bias or discrimination based on a person's gender. Sexism can affect anyone, but it primarily affects females. It has been linked to stereotypes and gender roles, and include the belief that one gender is intrinsically superior to another, it may arise from social or cultural customs and norms. Gender discrimination is especially defined in terms of the politics, the education and workplace inequality. Ambivalent sexism is a theoretical framework which posits that sexism has two sub-components: hostile...
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The United States invasion of Afghanistan occurred in October 2001, in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, marking the beginning of its “War on Terrorism” campaign. Seeking to oust the Taliban and find al-Qaeda mastermind Osama Bin Laden, the Afghan Northern Alliance provided the majority of forces, and the united kingdom, Canada, Australia, France, newzeland, Italy, Germany provided support. The officially stated purpose of the invasion was to target al-Qaeda members, and to punish...
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How successfully did Europe emerge from fascism and authoritarianism since 1945? Fascism has been defined as a radical form of authoritarian nationalism (Turner, 1975, p. 162). Fascism first emerged in Italy during the 1920s, followed by Germany in the 1930s and quickly spread to other neighbouring countries not long after. Fascism promoted a strong government, it is categorized as extreme nationalism, racist and militarism, it is where the government takes control over every decision and people. Fascism grew in the...
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Introduction The opening words of the United Nations Charter, Universal Declaration of Human Rights are that: “All human beings are born equal and free in terms of dignity and rights.” The equality and non-discrimination guaranteed to each and every person by international human rights law applies regardless of their sex, sexual 0rientation and gender identity or “other status.” There no hidden exemption clause or fine print, in any of the human rights treaties that allow a State to guarantee full...
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Affirmative action is legally required and needed in order to assure the diversity of student bodies, workforces, and organizations. It also helps insure that selection procedures and decisions are fair. However as noted previously, poorly constructed affirmative action programs can cause real harm and AAPs have been put into negative light recently by suspicion of putting race in front of merit. Paying attention to proper implementation is important. Therefore, we have few recommendations that include weak preferential treatment affirmative action...
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ABSTRACT A perusal of the criminal laws and personal laws reveal that laws adopt a protectionist and paternalistic approach for empowering and providing autonomy to women. This paper initiates a discussion on issues at the core of gender justice. This paper further argues that social conditioning restricts the possibility of autonomous decisions. In conclusion, it is argued that laws need to create just social conditions and institutions that guarantee freedom from socially imposed disabilities, and subsequently, strengthen autonomy in decision...
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Introduction Higher education has become a necessity for any individuals aspiring to further themselves on a personal path to success. Rightfully so, a college diploma seems to be one of employers’ primary concerns throughout the hiring process. Unfortunately, this path-producing paper requires years of hard work and thousands of dollars. This leaves many students having to choose between debt and future career opportunities. Scholarships, legacies, and financial aid are not granted as often as colleges would like potential students to...
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INTRODUCTION Culture is the main source of influence when it comes to perspectives, values, decisions and choices. Every country has its own distinctive beliefs, ways of thinking and manner of doing things, all of these peculiar factors put together is what makes up a country’s culture identity. Living in a multicultural country, we meet different people everyday with different cultures from us and it is highly important to be able to discover or meet at a certain point when differences,...
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Abstract Notably, the debating of multiculturalism is still a hot topic in the United States, and different people has different understanding towards multiculturalism, during 1960s, an policy is established and meant to enhance the equality of the working environment which make sure that every race has the same opportunities of getting the job, this is the affirmative action policy, lately it has drawn to the education field which many Universities has adopted it while the administration department is making decision...
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Every day we hear about another woman brutally murdered and rape, another woman a victim of the cruel reality of gender-based violence and all we can do is ask ourselves why. Gender-based violence is a term used that refers to any harm committed against someone’s will that negatively impacts their psychological and physical health because of their gender (Mpani & Nsibande, 2015). There are numerous types of gender-based violence with different reasons why it is being performed, thus having severe...
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After the attacks on 11 September 2001, airport scrutiny moved to the top of the American government's priorities. Consequently, the heated debate on which methods would undeniably boost security became just as imperative and fittingly controversial. Whereas many insist racial and ethnic profiling is ineffective in American airports, profiling increases security by limiting terrorists to less effective strategies while maintaining constitutional rights. Terrorist groups typically prefer recruits that are accessible such as those of their own race and belief; racial...
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