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Aristotle And His Influence On Literature, Philosophy And Science

Aristotle was a Greek savant during the Old style time frame in Antiquated Greece. He was the author of the Lyceum and the Peripatetic school of reasoning. Aristotle and his instructor Plato have been known as the 'Father of Western Way of thinking'. His compositions spread numerous subjects: material science, science, zoology, power, rationale, morals, style, verse, theater, music, talk, brain science, semantics, financial aspects, legislative issues and government. Aristotle gave a mind boggling union of the different ways of...
3 Pages 1378 Words

Soren Kierkegaard: Leap Of Faith Concept

The Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard (1813–1855) lived nearly his entire life in Copenhagen. Kierkegaard was devoutly religious. He was shaken when he discovered, at age 22, that his father had not only cursed God but also seduced his mother prior to marriage. Subsequently, Kierkegaard’s writings focused primarily on religious faith and the meaning of Christianity. Eventually, he concluded that religious faith was irrational and attainable only via a subjective experiential “leap of faith.” For Kierkegaard, virtuous traits such as responsibility,...
1 Page 633 Words

Sartre And Kierkegaard: On God And Authenticity

Contrasting Philosophies: Sartre's Atheism vs. Kierkegaard's Faith Sartre is one of the most influential atheist existentialists. On the other hand, Kierkegaard is seen as the ‘father of existentialism, while most of his later texts were more religious than philosophical in their disposition. Kierkegaard does not believe in the traditional teaching of Christianity and instead wants to build an individual, intimate relationship with God and not through an external institution. Sartre’s private life included polyamory, weird politics and made other philosophers...
5 Pages 2231 Words

Michel Foucault: How Discourse Is Guided By The People In Power

The word ‘discourse’ becomes a significant part of theoretical and academic discourse with Michel Foucault. Foucault explains how discourse is guided by the people in power: ruling elite or state and that through discourse the power is exercised by them. It is a discourse that constructs the reality, that we see or believe to be real, maintains the slave-owner relationship between state and people, and constructs and enslaves our consciousness. Generally, it so happens in a society that various thought...
1 Page 402 Words

The Concept Of Third World In The Works The Stranger By Albert Camus And Hadji Murat By Leo Tolstoy

Introduction This paper will examine how the two literary works The Stranger by Albert Camus and Hadji Murat by Leo Tolstoy challenge or reinforce misconceptions of the East or the so-called “Third World”, using Edward Said’s Orientalism and Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth as a backdrop to interpret and analyze the two literary texts. While we (readers) are prone to read The Stranger as being universal and revolving around the human condition, such universality could merely be a “superstructure”...
4 Pages 1769 Words

Descartes's History Of The Concept Of Mind In The Novel The Meditations On First Philosophy

Throughout the novel, “The Meditations on First Philosophy” by Rene Descartes goes through a spitital journey of discovering what he believes to be his conception of the mind. The reader is able to see this through all of his meditations and the exploration he takes himself on to reach his final conclusion of the mind and body in meditation six. Each meditation that DescartesN writes touches somewhat on his conception of the mind and his beliefs that follow. In order...
4 Pages 1927 Words

Descartes And Spinoza: Similarities And Differences Regarding God’s Existence

Whether God exists has been pondered and argued by many philosophers throughout time, and there are many different proofs of his existence given to us by those philosophers. Descartes and Spinoza are two very famous philosophers who had some similarities and differences in their conclusions regarding God’s existence. This paper will focus on Descartes first proof of God’s existence given in the Third Meditation and Spinoza’s response to Descartes proof. In order to understand the Third Meditation, I will briefly...
2 Pages 844 Words

The Peculiarities Of Albert Camus' Writing Style In The Novel The Stranger

The Stranger, by Albert Camus centres around the protagonist Meursault, an emotionless and indifferent individual. As a result of his nonchalant attitude, he is often viewed as psychologically detached. This is reflected in Camus’ use of succinct sentences and simple diction employed in the novel. His writing style not only reflects Meursault’s indifferent attitude but also reveals a lack of interaction with others. In the latter half of the novel, however, Camus contrasts this objective style with a more complex...
3 Pages 1406 Words

Creon as The Tragic Hero in Aristotle's Antigone

Creon out of his pride kills his own wife and son out of selfishness which make him a true tragic hero. Creon is a character who so caught up with what others think. Creon is isolated character who keeps to himself his plans and acts. He is very misleading character tries to lead others to crime. Creon faces dishonesty from others and sees the true character of people he thought he could trust. Creon as the protagonist with his stubborn...
2 Pages 966 Words

Aristotle And Confucius' Views On Virtue

Virtue is a characteristic in which every being should strive for. After reading Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and Confucius’ Analects, I believe virtue is both a state of mind and actions that reflect a high moral value; you are respectful and mindful of all actions and people around you and strive to become the best version of yourself. From Aristotle to Confucius; virtue spans different parts of a person’s life. Virtue according to Aristotle is vague. He believed that a being...
3 Pages 1194 Words

The Fundamentals Of Plato's Philosophy

This essay will discuss Plato’s conception of philosophy; his approach, thoughts, and influences in regards to the discipline of philosophy. Perhaps one of the most influential philosophers of all time, a lot of Plato’s work has influenced how we as human civilization think of ethics, epistemology, logic and mathematics. The primary concept that will be examined in this essay is Plato’s theory of Forms, which could be argued as his most substantial contributions to philosophy. Plato’s influence on western civilization...
3 Pages 1551 Words

Themes And Ideas Of Albert Camus’ The Plague

World War II has gone down in history as one of the deadliest, most brutal, and inhumane wars of all time. It even outshines it predecessor, which was thought to be the “war to end all wars”, yet not even twenty five years later, a new threat by humanity to humanity emerged. With the death toll well into the millions, it was highly influential on many people, including the author of The Plague, Albert Camus. The Plague was published in...
3 Pages 1565 Words

Argument Against Euthanasia Based On Kant Contentions

Introduction Euthanasia, a common term used for assisted death, refers to the process where a person’s life is taken so as to end their pain and suffering. The term is derived from the Greek word meaning good death (Patil, 2013). The moral consequences attached to such an act can become quite complicated. Philosophical debates on the matter have been prevalent since olden Greek times, with both views for and against the act being prevalent (Landry, Foreman, and Kekewich, 2015). There...
4 Pages 2038 Words

Philosophy Of Soren Kierkegaard: Existentialism

Soren Kierkegaard has a lot of controversial things in his existentialism and philosophy and this includes his dislike of Kantianism and Hegeliansim and Churchism. He believes in a few things but most especially, he believed that God truly exists. That’s why he tried looking into the concepts of churches among all religions. After examining it, he realized that it’s not good to rely on the church in order for you to have a connection with God. The church shouldn’t be...
2 Pages 836 Words

Human Nature by Karl Marx And Thomas Hobbes

In recent years a number of democratic movements have failed, leading to the study of political institutions. Yet, within these studies very little attention has been given to human nature, whereas throughout history the nature of politics has been discussed in regards to human nature. It is wise to consider human nature when studying politics since political acts or impulses can be understood as a consequence of the interaction between human nature and the environment. For the purposes of this...
5 Pages 2181 Words

Aristotle's Views On Happiness

Prior to my commencement of the PHL unit, my understanding of happiness revolved around my religious perspective and personal experiences. I believed that in order to maximise my happiness, I needed to improve my relationship with god. My religious beliefs led me to the conclusion that happiness is not achieved by easy exercise, obedience, or other formal or legal dynamics. My religious beliefs describe happiness as a state that is achieved through understanding balance and achieving enlightenment. Happiness came from...
2 Pages 715 Words

Michel Foucault Ethics Against Utilitarianism And Deontology

Before Foucault, ethics was focused on the finding of oneself within a predetermined moral order or the creation of oneself in terms of a great transcendental ought. Thinkers like Bentham believe in an ethical theory rooted in an empiricist account of human nature. Bentham’s ethics reflects what he calls “the greatest happiness principle,” where he implies that ethics reflects the moral obligation to seek out what produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. This thinking...
4 Pages 1923 Words

Thomas Hobbes And Karl Marx's Views On Human Nature

Human nature refers to all that is natural about human life; an innate, essential and fundamental character of human beings. This essay compares the writings of Thomas Hobbes and Karl Marx through a collectivistic lens. While Marx considers consciousness as integral to human nature, Hobbes conceptualizes human nature based on the principle of equality. Marx labels humans as ‘species beings’; we're a species who consider others of our species to be essential for our existence. Marx emphasizes the cooperative character...
1 Page 500 Words

Aristotle’s Deep Thoughts Of Science

Animals have always been a part of humanity’s culture and throughout history their roles in society have evolved. In today’s society, some people consider their animals to be family which differs greatly from prior norms that animals were beings placed on earth to be used as resources. Why have these norms changed throughout generations? Civilizations dating back to ancient Greece began to wonder about the universe and all that encompasses it. In doing so, the ancient Greeks particularly focused on...
4 Pages 1669 Words

The Effects Of Rousseau's Childhood On His Views On Sexuality

“‘I want to show my fellow-men a man in all the truth of nature; and this man is to be myself’” (Rousseau, p.5). In an attempt to reach his audience, Rousseau in Confessions did what most would not dare in an autobiography: reveal ‘everything’. Confessions does not follow the conventions of a traditional eighteenth-century autobiography. Rousseau’s self-portrait conveyed himself through raw emotions and distorted ways and actions rather than what society expected: a presentation of exemplary qualities. For a man...
2 Pages 698 Words

Aristotle Philosophy of Education

Introduction to Aristotle's Educational Philosophy This essay aims to explain Aristotle’s theory of education before evaluating the contemporary significance of his philosophy of education today. Aristotle is understood to have lived from 384 BC to 322 BC in Ancient Greece which today would span a geographical area that includes Egypt, Turkey, Iraq, Iran and parts of Afghanistan (Malam, 2006). He was a philosopher, scientist and teacher who is still viewed today as one of the most significant thinkers in the...
6 Pages 2704 Words

Role Of The Church In State Matters According To Machiavelli And More

Thomas More’s Utopia offers an analysis of European culture, proposes a model against which that society can be estimated and maybe fixed, yet the book eventually reasons that the best way to perfection is through Christianity. Whereas, Niccolò Machiavelli in The Prince places a wide range of conflicting interpretations upon key sections of his works (particularly chapters VII-VIII and XV-XVIII) and a plethora of notable critics and philosophers have contended that Machiavelli distinguished between the role of church (morality) and...
4 Pages 1609 Words

Theoretical Grounds On Education Of William Edward Burghardt Du Bois And John Dewey

Introduction As a comparative essay is a theoretical identification of the similarities and differences in any two subjects, this document tries to establish the same between the two thinkers, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois and John Dewey. The main theme of discussion is how the idea of education of the two thinkers differ or concur and how relevant they are in the 21st century. While the time period of both the personalities coincided, they addressed vastly different aspects of education,...
4 Pages 2011 Words

The Significance Of Psychoanalysis for Designers. Freud, Descartes And Sartre Ideas

In everyday life, there is no moment that passes without us changing : my body changes, my character changes, my opinions change… And yet we consider ourselves and others like a unique person even though we are constantly changing. But then, “who am I?” Consciousness is the capacity to represent ourselves and the outside world. As explained by Christof Koch “Consciousness is everything you experience.” (What is consciousness?) https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-consciousness/ This is both what puts us in touch with the world...
3 Pages 1545 Words

Locke And Hobbes: The Political Theory Of Society

English philosophers Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and John Locke (1632-1704) have both made large contributions to develop the political thoughts of society. Before we dive into each of their ideas, we need to be aware of the contexts from which they arose. Their vastly different individual circumstances have helped define striking distinctions in personal outlook. As such, this essay will first explore the historical context in which the different philosophers’ works were constructed and move on to consider the differences in...
3 Pages 1414 Words

Allegory Of The Cave Concept In The Film Truman Show

In Plato's Republic, the antiquated Greek logician brings up numerous issues relating to the premise of human presence. Several years sometime later, The Truman Show raised practically identical concerns, envisioning Jim Carrey, the film's saint, in a substitute reality. In this paper, I will analyze and unravel the relationship between the philosophical disputes conveyed in The Truman Show and Plato's Republic, most strikingly the Allegory of the Cave talk.There are numerous likenesses between both the twentieth century film and Plato's...
2 Pages 830 Words

Socrates, Plato And Aristotle Views On Human Nature And Morality

Human nature is defined as “the nature of humans, especially the fundamental dispositions and traits of humans” (Human Nature, n.d.). Moral character refers to “the most important code of conduct put forward and accepted by any group, or even by an individual” (Gert). As humans, we tend to think about our actions and whether or not they qualify as being “good” or “bad.” There are many different attributes of a good person. For example, a good person is known to...
3 Pages 1492 Words

Socrates And His Theories' Impact On The Philosophy

Socrates is one of the few individuals whom one could say has shaped the cultural and intellectual development of the world; without him, history would be profoundly different. He is best known for his association with the Socratic method of question and answer, his claim that he was ignorant (or aware of his own absence of knowledge), and his claim that the unexamined life is not worth living for human beings. Socrates tends to bring inner discord, guilt, stress, anxiety,...
1 Page 685 Words

Epistemological Arguments Of David Hume And Rene Descartes

Although two of the most important of the early modern philosophers were writing a century apart from each other, Rene Descartes and David Hume were both examining epistemological arguments, ultimately coming to very different conclusion. Rene Descartes was a 17th century French philosopher whose main fields of interest were metaphysics and epistemology, and he is often considered to be the father of modern philosophy. One of his more important works, The Meditations on First Philosophy, details his philosophical viewpoints on...
3 Pages 1578 Words

John Locke: Influence On American Government

A nation where the government works for the people, where the people can rebel against the government if it’s not protecting their rights, where because we’re all equal, we all have the right to life, liberty, and property, with the separation of the church and government with no monarchy because how valid is it really that someone gets to be born into power? What kind of idea is that? One that you need to lock down, by John Locke. John...
4 Pages 1646 Words
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