Abstract In the world, there are many diseases originated from foods that were eaten. Some pathonegic bacterias like Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureusin, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureusin, food has gain microbial and pathogenics effects and again food can damage human metabolism and cause diseases, even deaths. Also foods need protection to prevent spoilage and increase shelf life. To prevent this toxic effects which come from food and blocking spoilage researches developed more ecological solutions...
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INTRODUCTION The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life. Human are not able to see small things with their naked eyes. So, in this particular lab, we are looking at the smallest part in the animal and plant. The smallest part of human body is, the cell and it is same goes to the plant. Animal cells and plant cells contain cell structures knows as organelles,...
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Abstract Plant tissue culture, or the aseptic culture of cells, tissues, organs, and their components beneath defined physical and chemical conditions in vitro, is an important tool in both fundamental and connected ponders as well as in commercial application. It was the accessibility of these techniques that driven to the application of tissue culture to five broad zones, specifically, cell behavior (counting cytology, nutrition, digestion system, morphogenesis, embryogenesis, and pathology), plant alteration and advancement, pathogen free plants and germplasm capacity,...
2 Pages
987 Words
Introduction Weeds are unwanted and useless plants that along with the crop plants. Weeds compete with the crops for light and nutrients, besides harboring various pathogen. So it is estimated that the worlds crops yield is reduced by 10-15% due to the presence of weeds. Herbicides are broad spectrum as they can kill wide range of weeds. What are Herbicides? Herbicides are chemicals that are sprays on the garden used to kill weeds. They are generally a last resort for...
2 Pages
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Food science is defined as the study of the physical, biological and chemical of food, which most of the studies related to food processing and food deterioration while food technology is the application of it involved in packaging, preservation and food safety (Institute of Fodd Technologies, 2019). The fields that closely related to the food technology are such as biotechnology, engineering, nutrition and quality and safety management. In this review, biotechnology will be discussed on its roles and applications towards...
4 Pages
1941 Words
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After bombardment, the somatic embryos of the papaya (Carica papaya) will be selected on medium containing 150 g mLâ1 kanamycin monosulfate for 3 months. According to Drew and Smith(1986), germination of the papaya then will be induced on a modified de Fossard medium (de Fossard et al., 1974) and will be supplemented with 25 g mLâ1 kanamycin. Single plantlets will then transferred into vessels containing the same medium without kanamycin. In the culture medium, high concentration of minerals and hormones...
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Plant-Based Diet Nutrition is an extremely important aspect of public health with so many diseases and disorders branching from poor diet and nutrient consumption. Diet and peopleâs nutritional habits can either cause or prevent almost all diseases that are plaguing the western societies but most dramatically is the United States. In most of the world people consume some sort of meat or animal product every day and for some countries like the United States of America and many other western...
3 Pages
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Abstract Many different variables influence the relationship between plants and pollinators. Their mutualistic relationship drives a coevolutionary force among species. They rely heavily on each other for survival and reproduction, each exploited the others resources for their own benefit. With plants requiring insects and animals for pollen transfer and reproduction, new adaptations have arisen in response to pressures exerted on them by pollinators and external forces. Plants have modified their floral and fruit signaling to promote plant reproduction, and have...
6 Pages
2945 Words
Abstract Plant magnetobiology has become an important topic to study and manage biological effects on plants.Studies over the past several years have paved its way asa new advancementfor achieving enhanced growth and development in crop plants including horticultural plants.An emphasis has been made upon the use of this technique with different magnetic field intensity and exposure. The precisemechanism of its action is not known, but biological and chemical cues are being studied as possible mechanisms. This article presents an overview...
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Introduction Growing crops hydroponically is an alternative to traditional soil farming methods (7). Hydroponics systems consist of a water-based solution enriching in nutrients, without the use soil (2). Commonly an artificial medium is used to provide support for the plant as soil is not being used (2). Hydroponic systems started in 1920 and have dramatically evolved in a variety of designs (2). Interest in hydroponics is rapidly increasing and is very important due to the growing demand need for maximizing...
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Plant biotechnology has 3 main definitions according to the elements that are involved in the manipulation of the plants. Plant biotechnology has been used more than 6000 years for the improvement of yield or quality or to increase plantsâ endurance against environmental risks and diseases. In a traditional old way, seeds are selected which will give rise to desired products. In 1944, plant breeder Norman Borlaug developed dwarf wheat which has more efficient seed that stores most of their resources....
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If it came from a plant, eat it; If it was made in a plant, donât. This is a famous quote by Michael Pollan. This means plants are a food source for all living beings. From tip to toe plants provide foods for us. Because each and every part of a plant such as fruit, flower, leaves, stem, bark and roots provide some sort of nutrients, while acting as the energy source for us. With the modernization of living style...
3 Pages
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Nutrient solutions and fertilizers impact plant growth in many ways. According to Teaming with Nutrients by Jeff Lowenfels, plants that experience nutrient deficiencies, are more likely to experience informalities such as wilted or yellowed leaves. In order for a plant to sustain itself, it must have seventeen main elements. Many everyday fertilizers and nutrient solutions provide these elements. The most commonly seen elements out of the seventeen is the N-P-K trilogy. (N for nitrogen, P for phosphorus, and K for...
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Need of biofuel production In the previous human history the fossil fuels are being used widely in the word by humans for all purposes such as cooking, heating, transportation, construction etc. but with the passage of time different problem arises due to more usage of fossil fuels. Burning of fossil fuels causes air pollution. When they burnt dangerous air pollutant like oxides of nitrogen, carbon go into the air and not only pollute it but also causes climatic changes, acid...
4 Pages
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Abstract The diseases of plants caused by viruses are always in main concern for researchers because they reduced the yield and quality of food grains or horticultural products like fruits, vegetables and flowers which will leads a major economic loss of agricultural stakeholders. Presently there is no direct control strategy for viral infection in plants. Advancement in technology leads a novel approach which uses peptide aptamers for controlling plant virus. This technology is effective because the peptide aptamers are specific...
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Subject Introduction The extravagance of life on earth which is called as the Biodiversity, is a basic component which shows the wellbeing of the biological systems on the Planet (Salazar J, 2010 ) Every species in the environment, regardless of how little or how huge, every one of them have their very own specialties and thus it upgrades the environment efficiency. A heathy biodiversity offers Biological assets, Social advantages and environment administrations. The normal administrations given by sound biological system...
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INTRODUCTION Plant disease is a dynamic process which affects the normal physiology and vital functions of plants. There are many factors which influence the disease development. Effect of host plant nutrition is one of the major factors among them. Host plant nutrition means the nutrition state of an organism .nutrition plays an inevitable role in the growth and development of plants. Adequate amount of nutrition availability under favourable condition helps plants to prosper. The quantity and quality of nutrients not...
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Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in most of the developing countries of the world. Studies indicate that around 60 percent of the worldâs population is dependent on it for survival. Increased agricultural production can also significantly boost the economic development of a country. However, achieving desired levels of productivity is a challenge as it is influenced by various factors like climate, pests, diseases amongst many others. Disease is one of the significant factors that can adversely affect the...
2 Pages
682 Words
Abstract Plants are thought of to be crucial just like the stock of vitality offer to people. Plant sicknesses will affect the leaf whenever among planting and suspect that winds up in tremendous misfortune on the get together of harvest and affordable cost of market. In this way, plant ailment location assumes a significant job in rural field. In any case, it needs immense men, extra time interim and top to bottom information concerning plant ailments. Thus, machine learning is...
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When looking at the great impact that the rice plant had on history, it is truly astonishing. Rice has been responsible for feeding people over a great time period dating as far back as 2500 B.C. This is longer than almost any other crop in the world. Besides it being a food, rice is also responsible for being a source of tradition as well. Originating in China, and the surrounding areas, the cultivation of the rice plant spread throughout Sri...
3 Pages
1159 Words
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Abstract Middle-Aged Adults have so much to be mindful about from the concerns of income, housing, employment, marriage, health concerns and to top it off how to maintain a healthy lifestyle through diet that would help prevent obesity. With the hype over so many new and so-called improved diet plans that can help some lose weight that can help control cravings, to low carbs, low fat, just to name a few. The new trend is that more Middle-Aged Adults are...
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The purpose of this C.T. is to find solutions to reduce the impact of human activity in the world and we are going to try to find positive solutions that could help change the human activity in the world. The problem that we chose to solve is to reduce the amount of meat we eat.We chose this topic because we want to show that something that doesnât use meat like plant-based burgers , can help our environment in many different...
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The topic of reducing your carbon footprint by adding a more plant-based diet is pertinent to the environment. Eating a plant-based diet is a diet that consists of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Eating a vegan diet does not include any type of animal product; a vegetarian diet does not consist of animal products except for items such as milk, honey, and eggs. Everyone has a carbon footprint, but it is up to us to reduce our carbon footprint as...
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A plant-based diet is composed of whole grains, vegetables, fruits and legumes. It is highly encouraged by the government and health organizations because it can have a positive impact on animal welfare as well as climate change. Plant-based diets are also known to have numerous nutrients and minerals which are known to do wonders physically and mentally for the human body. The population is growing rapidly thus the consumption of food and resources has been increasing at an alarming rate....
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f the time provided to the bean plant to grow is increased, the height of the bean plant will also increase because more time provided to the plant means that the plant has more time to photosynthesize, causing the plant to grow. QUALITATIVE DATA The plants were not all at the same place at the windowsill because the flask was round and the plants were all spread out, therefore all the bean plants got different amounts of sunlight. (Refer to...
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A diet as an athlete has a critical role in their performance. The focus in today's society is that meat makes people tough. Dieting is a universal stereotype. How can a plant-based diet give someone enough energy? People should support a plant-based diet because their performance will improve, it will prevent long-term damage to their health and will consume enough protein, antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins if not more than an animal-based diet. An athlete's performance can improve by switching to...
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ABSTRACT The plant fitness refers to overall performance of a plant. Essentially it includes three factors, namely growth, reproduction and survival. The plant functional traits are those that define a species in terms of their ecological roles ;that is how they interact with the environment and with other species. Seed size is such an important plant functional trait. The effect of seed size on plant fitness is analysed in this project. The experimental samples taken for the project are Zea...
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ABSTRACT For over a decade now, agriculture has been the key source of income in India. In a country like India, which is developing now, agriculture provides a huge number of employment opportunities. According to a study, a huge population of the country, around 60-70% of the country depends on agriculture. Most of the work related to farming in India is being done manually because most of the farmers lack the technical knowledge required to do it in a modern...
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Over the course of 350 million years, plants and insects have coevolved to counter each otherâs defensive strategies. A variety of physical and biochemical mechanisms are used almost intuitively to help plants deter herbivorous pests. Chemical signals and compounds emitted by plants can be exploited by herbivores, predators and parasitoids to locate resources. In this review, we will look at the ways plants interact with their herbivore counterparts. We will also delve into how science is using herbivore signaling and...
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INTRODUCTION The light from the Sun and the presence of carbon dioxide is crucial in propelling the process of photosynthesis. It is these main factors that plants can grow and expand. However, the threat of climate change will dramatically alter the conditions in which flora can thrive in. Hence forth this experiment is to model and investigate the impacts of climate change on plants via a combination of light intensity and carbon dioxide presence. Climate change is heavily linked to...
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