Virus-induced-gene-silencing is an approach of reverse genetics that has been successfully used for to study gene fucntion. It is employed at postranscriptional level by taking advantage of plant defence mechanism against parasite infection. Usually, after viral infection, plants produce double stranded RNA (dsRNA) to degrade RNA viruses. By simulating this approach, in VIGS , genes underlying pathogeneic effects on host plant in viral genome are removed. A sequence of the target gene is inserted into a VIGS vector such as...
2 Pages
779 Words
Introduction Encouraging as many students to study botany is becoming a major priority for universities across our globe. The Royal Society of Biology have highlighted the lack of plant based teaching in current tertiary education [1]. Out of a total of 130 UK universities only 22 offer any sort of plant/botany based degree as of October 2018. The Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research University have given report upon the fact that universities are failing to develop adequate...
3 Pages
1535 Words
Abstract Plants play a significant role in human life. Plants area unit helpful for manufacturing oxygen(O2) by taking the carbon dioxide(CO2) that is free by humans by the method of chemical change. The chemical {process| chemical change| chemical action} process is principally applied by leaves. The diseases that cause plants area unit on leaves because of the microorganism, fungi, etc. The identification of the sickness in time and see for the answer is that the task to any human by...
2 Pages
941 Words
Introduction Do you eat meat? If you don't, you can still enjoy all the rich and savory flavors of meat through Plant Based Meat. In this memorandum i will be focusing on three main concerns about plant based meat. What are the disadvantages of eating plant based meat? What are the advantages of eating plant based meat? What would happen if everyone starts eating plant based meat? Background Plant Based Meat is what it sounds like. It is made up...
1 Page
439 Words
In the late 1800s, the endomembrane system was first discovered by scientist Camillo Golgi, which was the start point of this special type of transport in cell. Endomembrane traffic in eukaryotic cells have many functions within cell growth and plant development, partially as a means of communication and balancing membrane system. (Serge Feyder et al. 2015) Thanks to Randy Schekman and Peter Novickâs work, the secretory pathway in yeast was the first identified trafficking pathway, taking advantage of eukaryotic intracellular...
4 Pages
1721 Words
Get a unique paper that meets your instructions
800+ verified writersÂ
can handle your paper.
Place order
Abstract The effect of light wavelength on the rate of photosynthesis in baby spinach leaves was determined by recording the consumption of carbon dioxide for four minutes. Red, blue, and green light were tested to determine which color increased the rate of photosynthesis the most. Each color has a specific range of wavelengths to describe it, and the closer the wavelength is to the accepted, the more carbon dioxide was consumed. The graphs supported the prediction that as the wavelength...
6 Pages
2794 Words
The communications between a plant and the microbes surrounding it are extremely powerful and complicated. Remarkably, the immune system of plant is considered to have a significant contribution in characterizing the microbiome structure of plant. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking in an innate immune response called SAR (System acquired resistance) that have manifested variations in formation of bacterial community of rhizospheric region when contrasted with wild type, while SAR activated chemically did not effect in notable switch in the bacterial community...
2 Pages
748 Words
There has been an evident growth in the demand for plant-based alternatives in food within contemporary society, mostly due to increasing consumer concerns over the environment, health as well as animal welfare (Lang, 2020). Thus, it may appear tempting to switch to a plant-based menu in-order to capture value from this rising demand. The present paper seeks to examine the potential benefits and costs associated with each menu (meat vs. plant-based) through factors including health, social, environmental, and how they...
2 Pages
909 Words
Summary This report is to identify the native versus exotic plant species that have visited by the most insect pollinators in the urban greenspace by the monitoring program which is conducted by the citizen scientists and discuss the management strategies that can enhance the pollinator diversity with the help from people in the world. Pollinators is suggested to be the success of all restoration efforts that is critical to the perpetuation of the plant species. The native insect pollinators are...
5 Pages
2079 Words
Abstract When plants and crops are affected by pests it affects the agricultural production of the country. Usually farmers or experts observe the plants with naked eye for detection and identification of disease. But this method can be time processing, expensive and inaccurate. Automatic detection using image processing techniques provide fast and accurate results. This project is concerned with a new approach to the development of plant disease recognition model, based on leaf image classification, by the use of deep...
3 Pages
1398 Words
A Guide to Microorganisms in Plant Biotech for Investors explains the science of CRISPR, the role of microorganisms in plant biotech and particularly how the evolution of these related systems are destined to ensure long term continued food security here in Australia and worldwide. The aim of this case study is to summarise findings from a document review carried out based on several critical topics outlined by 'Case study topics - Microorganisms in Plant Biotechnology - BVB305 2018', to try...
5 Pages
2453 Words
Abstract Disease detection is crucial to scale back the losses in agricultural product yield and amount.Plant disease analyses include the study of variations found on the farm. Monitoring the security and identification of infections on plants is incredibly vital for organic farming. Manually, plant diseases can not be tracked simply in farms that contain completely different crops. This wants an enormous quantity of labor, expertise in plant diseases, and additionally needs substantial time interval. As a result, image processing is...
4 Pages
1740 Words
Abstract Optimization of the plant population is one of the most important aspect for better growth and development of the crops. Optimum population of the plants is required to utilize all the growth factors viz. nutrients, water, light and space. If space is not properly utilized then there can be the more weed infestation which highly affects the crop production. Weeds contribute 45% loss in the overall yield of the crops among all the crop pests. Population of the plants...
4 Pages
2014 Words
Pant breeding Plant breeding in a simple language is genetic improvement of plants for the best economic productivity. It could also be defined in terms of art and science of changing and improving the hereditary of plants. History Plant breeding was practiced first when people learned to look for superior plants to harvest for seed, thus selection became the earliest method of plant breeding. Primitive efforts in plant selection contributed much to the evolutionary development of each of the cultivated...
3 Pages
1351 Words
RATIONALE In this investigation I am going to be investigating how minerals affect the growth of plants and perceive the essential minerals that the vegetation requires to develop efficiently. The motive why I am going to research how minerals influence the plant increase is to be able to detect a less expensive alternative manner to make fertiliser, which can reduce the cost of plant germination and might lower the rate of crops. Also, by discovering an inexpensive alternative way of...
3 Pages
1413 Words
Plant communication: the big question Plants can communicate too. They can detect other plants next to or around them and respond accordingly. They can do this by a number of ways, one way is secreting certain chemicals into the soil to affect how their neighbouring plants grow and behave, depending on how crowded they find their neighbourhood to be. As plants canât simply run away, they have acquired a number of strategies to help them cope with their neighbours. They...
2 Pages
1055 Words
Soil salinity is a major constraint that adversely affects crop yields in many parts of the world. About one billion hectares of land is adversely affected by salinity worldwide, due to flooding and ocean surge, soil salinity increases by 10% annually (FAO, 1988). High sodium ion (Na+) concentration which is the major cause of salinity is toxic to the plant cell metabolic activities as it imparts both ionic and osmotic stresses that adversely affects plant growth, disrupt the ionic equilibrium...
2 Pages
785 Words
Photosynthesis is a concept that most people have heard about from a very young age. We all know that plants use sunlight and convert it into energy, but this is really just the basics of what happens during photosynthesis. Thus, in my essay, Iâm going to dig deeper into it. First of all, it should be noted that there are two types of photosynthesis: oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis. Oxygenic photosynthesis produces oxygen and is used by plants and algae...
3 Pages
1170 Words
Abstract With increase in population the need for food is on rise, in such circumstances, plant diseases prove to be a major threat to agricultural produce and result in disastrous consequences for farmers. Early detection of plant disease can help in ensuring food security and controlling financial losses. The images of diseased plants can be used to identify the diseases. Classification abilities of Convolutional Neural Networks are used to obtain reliable output. Googleâs pretrained model âInception v3â is used. The...
5 Pages
2220 Words
Abstract Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to grow plant cells, tissue, organs and their components under defined physical and chemical conditions in vitro. Plant tissue culture used to create large number of clones from a single explant and it is easy to select the desirable traits. Plant tissue culture technique is very helpful in genetically modified. In addition, we can do this technique at a very short time and small spaces. Therefore, the plant tissue culture...
3 Pages
1305 Words
Struggling to find the right direction?
Expert writers are here to provide the assistance, insights, and expertise needed for your essay.
Flowers are grown all over the world in gardens, greenhouses and in the wilderness naturally, and are shipped across huge distances. While the flower is still attached to the plant the flower benefits from the sugars that the plant's leaves manufacture through the process of photosynthesis (SFGate, Unknown). Photosynthesis is the process used by plants to harness energy from sunlight and turn it into chemical energy. There are two types of photosynthetic processes which are oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis....
2 Pages
963 Words
Abstract Photosynthesis is the solar energy- dependent process on which food production for human existence ultimately depends. Each day passes with 854 million people hungry and, for that reason, the United Nations Millennium Declaration committed the worldâs nations to âeradicate extreme poverty and hungerâ. Sixty percent of the worldâs population lives in Asia, where each hectare of land used for rice production currently provides food for 27 people, but by 2050 that land will have to sup- port at least...
6 Pages
2741 Words
The beginning of plant transitions happened a couple million years ago,it was hard to figure out the dates because they were not much fossil evidence available to observe and calculate. The cooperative arrangement with fungi aided in the transition and developed into a Bryophytes ,for example, mosses, liverworts and hornworts and Tracheophyta such as ferns and other plants. Most plants transition to land to get more sunlight ( the need for photosynthesis), more carbon dioxide, oxygen, more space to grow,...
2 Pages
829 Words
ABSTRACT Inter specific hybridization was made between susceptible greengram variety CO 5 and wild Vigna sp. Crossed seeds were raised in field condition for testing the MYMV incidence. F1 showed dominant resistance reaction against MYMV disease incidence. The field growing F2 populations of C0 5 x wild Vigna sp cross produced a wide range of segregant viz., susceptible, parental and intermediate type. In order to understand whether there are R Gene sequences whose products contain NBS and LRR motifs in...
6 Pages
2457 Words
Trees are essential to our society because they provide the air we breathe, support much of the food we eat and provide most of the oxygen that fuels the planet. This value of trees essay help kids understand the importance of the trees. Trees offer more than just sustainable resources to us; they also help ensure a brighter future for all living things. Trees provide an abundance of things to the human race, including food, water, oxygen, and shelter. Trees...
1 Page
391 Words
Trees are very important, valuable and necessary to our existence as they have furnished us with two important life essentials; food and oxygen. Apart from basically keeping us alive, there are many other little and big benefits we get from trees. So, trees are vital resources for the survival of all living beings. Therefore, Governments world over and many Organizations are taking steps to prevent deforestation and to tell the benefits of planting trees. Let us go through some important...
1 Page
580 Words
Letâs start with where the Pisonia tree is found. It is an indigenous tree species indigenous to the tropical waters of the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. When talking about a cruel and a savage plant, the Pisonia just fits the bill. But, how does this thing happen and the tree claim the lives of many birds? Experts studying the behaviours of the tree have yet to explore how this unusual thing happens and why does the tree show itself...
1 Page
497 Words
Introduction Nowadays, rapid climate change occurs due to active urbanization, as the growth of cities contributes to the urban heat-island effect (Gill et al., 2007). City trees play a critical role in ameliorating the heat-island effect and in removing particulate matter (PM) from the air (Gill et al., 2007). Consequently, increasing the number of city trees in spatial design could be a viable solution to reducing the pace of climate change and improving the quality of air in large cities,...
4 Pages
1641 Words
Robert Frost was a prolific American poet born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco. Although he holds the absolute record for the number of Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry awarded to a single person, Frost struggled to find any recognition in his early years. In fact, he had to work at a farm for some time just to support his family. In 1912, Frost moved to England, where he published two books and pivoted his career, making the shift from...
1 Page
558 Words
Introduction The question about whether a tree falling in the forest makes a sound when there is no one to hear it is a philosophical puzzle, which has elicited unending debates in various circles. As Livingston argues, humans need coherent answers to archetypal patterns (12), and thus the answer to this question could be âyesâ or ânoâ depending on how the usage of the word âsoundâ is interpreted. From a metaphysical standpoint, the answer to this question is in the...
2 Pages
1112 Words
