University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PSY 313 | Developmental Psychology
Academic year:

2005
Views:

289

Pages:

4
Author:

Kyson Rose

Psychology Play in Early Childhood Play: Infancy vs. Preschool • • Develop from solitary play (infancy) to social play (preschool) Play is the work of children (Erikson) 1. What is Play? 2. Discuss Theories of Play Play • Intrinsically satisfying activity • Allows child to develop prosocial behaviors • Crucial in dev of self-control • Provides a glimpse of child’s emerging cognitive schema (Piaget) 1 Play during Infancy • Play parallels stage of cog dev • Involves body (e.g., kicking) • Symbolic Play (~ 18 mos) Smilansky: Theory of Play Types of Play 1. 2. 3. 4. Functional Play Constructive Play Dramatic play Games with rules Functional Play (Sensorimotor) • Familiarizes child with physical world & effects of actions • involves simple, repeated mvmnts - focus on own body • Movements - simple enjoyment • Does not involve any symbolism 2 Constructive Play (Preoperational) • Child manipulates objects to produce/build something • Around 2 years; peaks 3-4 years – Not always clear if play is functional or constructive • As children grow, plays larger role in their play patterns • Continues throughout childhood and adulthood Sociodramatic Play (Preoperational) • Make-believe play; 2 + participants enact related roles • Significant development in play patterns • Begin when able to use symbols; peaks ~ 6-7 • New experiences are assimilated into existing schemes • Young children more dependent on concrete props – imaginary friends • Fosters social skills Games with Rules (concrete operations) • ~ 7 years - adolescence • Most frequent between 10-11 • Become inflexible in their application of rules – Rules are up for negotiation at earlier stages change the rules to child’s advantage 3 Parten’s Social Levels of Play • Stages have not been confirmed • Categories of play seem to follow a dev progression • Indivl diffs exist, that cannot consider levels of play actual stages of play dev • 6 Levels of Play • Unoccupied Play • Solitary Play • Onlooker play • Parallel play • Associative play • Cooperative play 4

Play in Early Childhood

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