The Holocaust and the Beginings of the Cold War Study Guide

A notion of anti-Jewish sentiment that ran through Europe for centuries, a term that means antiJewish feeling is known as _____. anti-semitism The new organization created as World War 2 was ending, that was designed to help keep peace and security, that would replace the ineffective League of Nations is known as the _____ United Nations One of the first steps that eventually led to the Holocaust, was the creation of a set of laws known as the _____, which all but eliminated the civil rights of Jews living in Germany. Nuremberg Laws Why did the Cold War begin so soon after the defeat of Nazi Germany in Europe? Why did Stalin refuse to move his troops out of Eastern Europe? The Cold War began so soon after the defeat of Nazi Germany because the United States was prepared to lead the post-war world and revive the idea of the League of Nations with a new organization called the United Nations. Stalin refused to remove his troops out of Eastern Europe despite the United States pressuring him to and he described it as an "iron curtain" that had descended across the continent. The Kristallnact, or night of broken glass, resulted in _____ the looting and pillaging of Jewish businesses and synagogues and the end of a free, Jewish society in Germany As the Cold War developed, the United States foreign policy goal was to ultimately stop the spread of communism through a policy known as containment. To enforce this ideal, the U.S. announced the _____, which stated that any country in the world fighting against communism would receive aid from the United States Truman Doctrine As a precursor to the Final Solution, Jewish citizens all over Nazi held territory, were rounded up and placed in what were called _____, which came out of an idea of destroying Jewish civilization through work. These were areas of cities that Jews were forced to live in and be segregated from larger society. ghettos Describe the Berlin Crisis. How was the Berlin airlift successful? How was the crisis ultimately resolved? People were fleeing East Berlin to go to West Berlin and Stalin did not like that so he wanted to blockade the city of Berlin and force the Allies to give it all to the Soviet Control. This is why the United States came up with the Berlin airlift, where thousands of pounds of supplies were airlifted into Berlin every day. The crisis ended when Soviet forces lifted the blockade and citizens could cross the border as they pleased. In order to try and prevent new radical governments from forming in Europe and to prevent the spread of communism, the United States government offered massive amounts of financial aid to European nations known as the Marshall Plan true The plan of exterminating the Jewish race from Europe, which came to be known as the final solution was developed at the _____ Conference Wannsee The death camps that were constructed by the Nazis were all constructed in and around the nation of _____ Poland Describe the Nuremberg trials. Do you think these trials were an effective way for the world to deal with this horrific time in history? The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces of World War II. It's most notable for the prosecution of members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany. I do think the trials were an effective way for the world to deal with the horrific time in history because 24 of the most important members of the Nazi government were all tried and accused for crimes against humanity. The Leader of the Chinese Communist Party that successfully won the civil war for control of China after World War 2 and would become one of the most controversial world leaders in history was _____ Mao Following the creation of NATO, Stalin came up with his own defensive initiative, when he forced the countries of eastern Europe to join with the Soviet Union in an alliance called the _____ Warsaw Pact One of the consequences of American involvement in rebuilding western Europe was increased cooperation between different countries. As a result, many European countries combined their economic interests in order to better compete in a growing global economy known as the European Economic Community true Describe life in eastern Europe following World War 2. What economic, cultural, and political measures did Stalin institute to bring the nations of eastern Europe under his thumb? Life in Eastern Europe after World War II was hectic because that's when Stalin refused to remove his army and countries such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Romania were forced under the thumb of the Soviet Union. In retaliation to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Stalin forced the countries of Eastern Europe to join his alliance called the Warsaw Pact. The new director of the Soviet Union following the death of Stalin was _____ Nikita Khrushchev The space race was successfully started by the Soviet Union in 1957, with the launching of the satellite _____, which translates to traveler, shocking the United States that believed it had the technological superiority over the Soviet Union. Sputnik The plan by the Chinese government to rapidly industrialize and take advantage of the revolutionary zeal in China, which was a massive failure and resulting in the deaths of millions of people was known as the Great Leap Forward true To the dismay of the United States, in 1959, a communist revolution in Cuba led by _____, created a new communist state in the western hemisphere and would lead to future clashes with the Soviet Union such as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Fidel Castro