Introduction
Mental illness is expected to be the second largest health problem affecting Malaysians by 2020 after heart disease. There is a big difference between mental health and mental illness. A normal individual may not have good mental health at all times, but still be able to do daily activities as usual. In contrast to those with mental illness where the daily function will be affected. Mental illness involves not only disorders in the functioning of the brain but also can affect one’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors while facing the loss of ability. About 30 percent of Malaysian suffer from certain mental health conditions with the majority of women at high risk of getting the symptoms. Although the number of mental patients increases, the amount of psychiatrists is still low. Only 380 psychiatrists in the country while the country needs more than 3000 trained doctors in the field to accommodate more than 30 million residents. Dr Michael Ang Jin Kiat, psychologist and senior lecturer of Universiti Putra Malaysia said there were mental illnesses that could occur in various forms and commonly, including schizophrenia, extreme depression, and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia is a mental illness that triggers hallucinations and delusions. Hallucinations refer to sensory observations without stimuli while delusions are false beliefs that one does not share from the same social-cultural background. The usual hallucinations are known as ‘Paracelsus ‘, sound perceptions without external stimuli that can be identified.
Causes of mental health
The causes of mental health problems the problematic life histories such as childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect. This problem has a bad effect on children in the long term. Childhood abuse can disturb emotions and increase the risk of depression, self-esteem, anxiety a disagreeable or problematic relationship, or less empathy for the next of their life. At a young age, the victim may not be able to develop the progress of their development and may be retarded. Parents who are too busy with their work unconsciously ignore their children. They are more focused on working than paying attention to their children. The neglected teens will find their excitement by engaging in inappropriate activities such as taking drugs and drinking. Besides, untreated trauma also will lead to mental illness. People with trauma will always be in fear and do not want to see other people.
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Students are inevitably stressed because they are always faced with various challenges in the campus environment. Stress is a person’s mental, emotional, and physical response to a situation that occurs in life. Stress is not a mental illness but it is a cause for mental illness. When someone is burdened with tasks, life will be worse and irregular, this is called negative stress. Besides the stress that is faced comes from the pressure of families who want their children to be the best. Because they do not want to disappoint their families, students will study on campus in a state of depression and not allow others to help themselves. As a result of not getting early aid a too long the student is drifting into trouble and causing them to become mentally ill (Skirfernia Disorder). One’s signs of stress are not enough sleep, less appetite, and irritability, which will disturb a person’s emotions and feelings
In addition, losing a person close to us can lead to mental illness. Someone who has lost a family member or good friend will feel sad but if they are unable to control the sadness, it will have a bad effect on their health. Someone who cannot accept the fact about the passing of loved ones will always want to be alone. They will lose their appetite and they won’t want to meet anyone. Their emotions are disturbed because they are too sad about people who have passed away. Over time, they will be depressed. Depression is a normal stress reaction, but too many worries may be due to anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder can make life miserable which is it will affect our thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and well-being. If not handled effectively, it can lead to suicide. Depression is a common mental health problem experienced by the elderly. 25% of those over 65 years old are diagnosed with depression. Factors that can increase depression are a family history of depression, physical health deterioration, and women.
Effect of mental health
1. Physical affect mental
When an individual suffers from physical illness, large individuals may suffer from mental illness. Among what we can see is the patient will be in doubt about the future. Patients will feel hesitant to make plans for the future. Meanwhile, the patient will begin to look for meaning in life. Negative perceptions are possible will envelop mental patients. They feel this life is too short and need to find the true meaning of life. This encourages patients to wish to do something in a short and speedy time. Some patients feel they have no reason to live longer thereby causing them patient to decide to kill themselves. This is due to mental disorders encountered. In addition, the patient will lose control of self-regulation. Due to the physical illness suffered, it will involve treatments that may undermine the power of self-control ability. Patients cannot control themselves because of delirium 13 or feel dizzy in the effects of the treatment received. Then, of course, patients will feel themselves failing in various aspects. Usually in performing a job, work productivity will decrease due to the inevitable weakness of the disease suffered. Not only in terms of productivity, it also affects a patient's economy and society. This can cause a person to feel a failure and difficult to accept reality. Being anxious again for this patient, they started secretive. The patient will begin to stay away from the crowd and become more silent. This factor will be noticeable through the sudden change of character the sudden. Life opportunities are considered slim. This will be the next lead to thinking about death. This situation will reduce the patient's confidence to continue living. It will also cause severe depression.
2. Mental affect physical
Following a mental illness afflicted by an individual has a huge impact on physical health. The effect is a disorder of the immune system. This is because the sufferer usually has less appetite. This will cause the patient not to get the proper nutrition. Patients may not get enough substances and vitamins. 14 In addition, patients should have increased stress hormones. Mental illnesses will put pressure on patients. The pressure which is not handled properly will cause an increase in hormone stress itself. When the pressure is encountered, this cannot handled properly and it will cause an increased risk of attack heart or stroke. Mental illness causes blood circulation not to run smoothly. Blood pressure will be high resulting in a heart attack or a stroke. Not only affects the heart, but it also affects stress high blood pressure, and uncontrolled blood sugar levels. This will cause diabetes or diabetes. At that point, it will lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. The disease mental will prevent the patient from doing daily activities well. The patient's diet is affected and it will cause a decrease in sudden weight loss.
Solution for mental health
The solution to reducing mental health problems is engaging in psychosocial rehabilitation. This psychosocial rehabilitation is a process to facilitate and promote individual chances of disabled people being affected by mental illness, reaching a level of independent self-reliance within the community. (World Health Organization, 1996). This recovery can identify and correct the skills lost such as social interaction, personal care, and domestic skills. In addition, psychosocial also helps teach patients new skills needed to adapt to society. Psychosocial programs such as life skills programs, counseling or family intervention, and assertive treatment in the community can improve the level of patient function and quality as well as reduce the burden and cost of health care. Therefore, all mental patients should seek recovery treatment apart from the treatment of medicines so that patients can maintain an optimum level of function in society.
Next, to improve one's physical, mental, and emotional well-being, art therapy is one of the best therapies in mental health medicine. Art and creative therapies such as music, painting, and dancing are an expression of expressive therapy that utilizes creativity in art creation. The construction of this creative art can artificially express itself, therefore helping people to solve problems, develop and manage their behavior and feelings, reduce self-esteem, and increase self-esteem and conscience. Art therapy is also a form of expressive therapy that uses artistic materials, such as paints, lime, and markers. This therapy incorporates traditional psychotherapeutic theories and techniques with the understanding of psychological aspects, particularly the affective nature of different artistic materials. These art and creative therapies can enhance self-awareness and others. Hence, it can also promote personal development, and improve the skills to overcome psychological and mental health problems in mental patients
Other than that, with proper medicine, mental health experts have set medicines to treat mental health conditions. However, there is a very high risk of treating yourself with mental health problems by taking over medicines. Therefore, prescription drugs used to help depression and anxiety, as well as other mental illnesses, should be monitored thoroughly to avoid any potential problems for more serious anxiety. Many drugs are being misused without proper medical practice today. All medicines have their side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, nausea, and drowsiness, and do not react negatively to them in a predictable way. Therefore, we should follow the prescription and quantity allowed by a qualified doctor or physician when it is related to mental health medicines.
Conclusion
Overall, mental health affects all daily activities and also the lifestyle of an individual. Physical and mental health issues are highly relevant and play a mutually dependent role. Surely a vibrant body will produce a smart mind. As we can observe in Malaysia, the people are less concerned about their health. Awareness about the importance of mental and physical health should be enhanced so that health is seen as the key to success as well as to create a competitive individual. Not only it is important to improve, but the steps to overcoming mental health problems should also be taken early to prevent the worsening of the disease. When someone takes the first step, it will reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is the responsibility of individuals, communities, and nations to work together to achieve a prosperous life. In addition, the community also needs to play an important role other than the government in providing moral support and care to patients as well as mental health as well as assisting the government in implementing programs that can boost patient self-esteem. Therefore, a healthy way of life is also the key to getting good mental and physical health. In conclusion, health problems are not complicated or problematic if early measures are taken is done at a young age.
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