Chapter 27:
Senses include site, hearing, touch, taste, smell
Factors affecting sensory function include developmental variations, culture,
illness/medication, stress, lifestyle
Sensory deprivation: altered sensory reception where a person does not receive and
process meaningful sensory input, common with brain injury/isolation/elderly
Sensory overload: when stimuli like pain or sound overwhelmed the patient senses,
patients in the hospital experience this
Sensory deficits: may stem from impaired reception/perception or both, most likely to
be vision and hearing
Seizures: occur because of sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain, can be
generalized or focused
Delirium: an acute, reversible state caused by medications and a variety of physiological
processes like hypoxia/infections/sensory alterations, may be accompanied by
confusion/restlessness/illusions
Dementia: a chronic and progressive deterioration and cognitive functioning caused by
physical changes in the brain and not associated with changing levels of consciousness,
problems with thinking/remembering/learning/reasoning, changes in language
skills/visual perception/personality
Unconsciousness: is an abnormal neurological state resulting from disturbance of
sensory perception to the extent that the patient is not aware of what is happening
around them and is not responsive or oriented
Patients are highly dependent on the nurse for patent airway, nutrition,
hydration, elimination, range of motion, skin care, sensory stimulation, family
support, education, eye care, oral care and pressure injury prevention