University:
Austin College
Course:
BIOLOGY 101 | General Biology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

424

Pages:

1
Author:

Marcella G.

CLASS CHAROPHYCEAE (CHARACEAE)(coral algae) The cells have cellulose walls, chlorophyll a and b, and starch as a result of assimilation, and are food reserves. It lives in ponds or ditches as benthos. The talus is book-shaped. Sexual reproduction by oogamy. The oogonium is covered in threads that are coiled like a spiral. From the axils of the short branches often grow long branches whose arrangement is the same as the main axis. The wick is attached to a hard substrate. Several types of characeae at the bottom of the axis form a kind of tuber which is filled with flour and is a tool for overcoming bad times. In Nitella each axis consists of only one segment cell, but in Characeae generally, the segment cells are surrounded by a layer of cells arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis. The cells contain a nucleus and round chloroplasts. Amitotic division, so that in segment cells there are several nuclei. The sexual reproductive organs are round, yellowish antheridia, and green eggshaped oogonium are found in the axils of the branches. The antheridium originates from one parent cell which then divides into 8 cells, which are called octane. Each octant forms 2 tangential walls to form 3 cells so that 24 cells are formed. The eight outermost cells are called wall (protective) cells , the 8 middle cells are called holder cells (manubrium), the innermost 8 are called principal cells. Because of their lime-forming properties, characeae play an important role in the formation of limestone soils. In fossil condition, characeae are found in soil layers from the Jurassic period. All citizens of this class are only included in one nation, namely Charles which is divided into several tribes, including: - Chara fragilis - Chara intermedia - Nitellagracilis - Tolypella prolifera

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