Course and Relations of Rectum

University:
Camosun College
Course:
BIOL 252 | Pathophysiology for Nursing 1
Academic year:

2024
Views:

319

Pages:

4
Author:

Aysha A.

Features: -Distal part of the large gut. Between the sigmoid colen above and the anal canal helis - The distension of the rectum causes the desire to defa cate - In man it is not straight, it is curned in an anteroposterior direction and also from side to side. The three cardinal features of the large intestine eg: sacculations, appendices epiploic and taenial are absent in rectum. - Situation -situated in the posterity part of the lesser pelvis in feent of the lower three pieces of the sackum. and the coccyx ssunque Extention - - Continuation of the sackal vertebra sigmoid colon at the level of third - The rectosigmoid junction is indicated by the lowere end of the sigmoid mesocolon - Rectum ends buy becoming continuous cuith the anal canal at the anorectal junction The junction les 2003 in front of and a little below the tip of the coccyx - In males the prostate the function corresponds to the apes of Dimensions: -The tectum 12cm long - In the upper part it has the same diameter of 4cm as that of the sigmoid colon, but in the lower part it is dilated to form the rectal ampulla Course and direction -The rectum tuns first downwards and backwards, the downwards, and finally downwards and forwards "The begining and the end lies in medial plane, but it shares two type of curvature! Jwo anteroposterior carnes: the The sactal flexure of the rectum follerus - concavity of the sacrum and coccyx The perineal flexure of the bund at ancretal junction. return is the backward Three lateral curves: 1) The upper lateral to be the right Curves of ret rectum is convers 2) The middle lateral curne is Connex and is most prominent to the left 3) The lover lateral curve is commess to the right Relations Peritoneal Relations han al ent The upper one-third of the rectum is covered with peritoneum in front and on the sides. The middle one-third + lover one-third which - is covered only in front. is dilated to forem the ampulla is donors of peritoneum and lies bellow the rectovesical parich in males and below. the recksuterine parich in females. - distance between the anus and the fleer of the pouch is 7.5cm in males but only 5.5 cm in females no wh Visceral Relations. Anteriorly in males Upper two-thirds of the rectum. are related to the rectovesical pouch with coils of intestine and 2. The lower one-third of to the base of the the rectum is related winary bladder, the banal parts of the tweeters, the seminal vesicles the deferent ducts and prostate. Anteriorly in females The upper two-thirds of the rechim are related to the rectouterine porch with coils of the intestine and sigmoid Colon. - pouch separates the ret rectum from the uterus, and and from the upper part of the vagina 2) Lower one-third of the rectum is related to the bank part of the vagina Posteworly: Relation are the same in male and female. I dower three pieces of the sacrum, the coccyx and the anococcygeal ligament. 2) Piriformis the Coccygeus and the lova tor ane 3) Medial median sacral, the superior rectal and the lover lateral sacral varsel. 4) Sympathetic chain with the ganglion impar, the anterior primary the kami of S3, S4, S5 coccygeal 31 pelvic splanchnic nerves, lymph nodes, lymphatics and fabs