General Physical Examination

Gieneral physical Examination The general physical examination is done following of history taking it provides adequate due to the diagnosis. the general physical examination begins as the patient enters the Consultation room and continues during the entire history -taking and dering examination of the subject. pre-requisites:- The examination should be carried out in good The examiner must stand on right fide of the subject right 1. The comfort of the subject should be given priority while Selecting the position: •The examination should be carried out in the presence of a by Stand The Subject Should be made comfortable for an effective examintim The general Physical examination should be carried out under the following headings: General appearance:- unhealthy The subject looks healthy, unwear or ill and its Security is to be assessed Mental State and Intelligence Assess the mood and emotional State of the Subjects assessment of intelligence is love from occupational, educational background and the general knowledge of the subject. consciousness: end co-operations- As certain the level of consiousness: je. Clear Jensorium, drowsiness, Stupor, coma ete. The subject should be Cooperative in giving necessary information... Posture - It is the position adopted by the Subject, the Position adapted while lying down in the beed is called "Dravartis. / Decubitus. Normal Decubitus is where the Subject lies comfortably with the movements of the limbs. The position adapted When Standing is called attitude. The normal attitude is Inthere the Hands erect slight bending is a common position adapted. While Walking is called gait facies i expression. On the face should be assessed. Build and nutrition- Build is the skeletal structure of a person, it is assessed in relation to the age and sex of the person. It should be deserved whether the person is Jeam or fat, tall or short muscular or asthemic, measure bulk of the muscle (Average of male-2.5.5 cm and female 23 cm). Height the height of the subject is measured. if the too Person isttall or too short, measure the Span ire, measurements foom the tip of the middle finger of one hand to the middle finger of the other hand is outstretched upper link or measured the upper segmenti. Lire. and the lower segment (Pelvic Symphysis). Normally in adult the arm span is equal to the height and upfer is equal to Segment is equal to the upper to styrenes segment Ps = ower segment Weight and boo with minimal body mass Indexi- The weight should be recorded Tothing Body and base foot. index is measured by weight is kg divided marsive by height is meter? jaundices- yellow discolouration of the Stain and the muscles. membrane, it occurs due to the presence of excern bilirubin in the blood Normal Serum bilirubin concentration is 0.2 to Bimg/dl of blood When bilirubin level exceeds jaundice appears Clinically it is detected by Examination / examining the sclera, hail bed, soft palate and under the surface tongue. It is caused due to the destruction Of the RBe's hepatitis and damage. to the liver coll Obstruction to the biliary tract." hepatic, pre, post hep Cyanosis - Bluish olis location of the thin and the mursus. membrame. it cours due to the presence of reduced b more than 5gm in the blood classified as central, % peripheral and mixed Sites to be looked for yemosis. are tip of the mose, car lobule, lips, tip of the finger and toer, nail bed, palmy and Soles, tip and cundor Surlau of tongue ete occurs dine to exposure to cold, Venous Obstruction uses Cardiac output aortic stenosis, CCF, Cor Pulmonate etc. Clubbing Cobliteration of the angle between the nail base and the adjecent Skin of the finger. occurs desto the thickening of the ti stue at the hail base. "Examined by the nail of the 2 fingers facing each other. Normally Seen; if lost called Schamreth's Schamreth's sigh Causes-congenital heart diseases, bron Chiectasis, long Standing tuberculosis, lung abscess, mal- absorption Syndrome etc. Graded as- 1st degree increased fluctuation of the nail bed 2nd degree - It Cerving of the nail. good degree. degree-angle nail bee base of n at the bare obliterated - Parrot beak appearance. 4th degree - Suwelling of the finger associated with Sub-periosteal thickening of the wrist bone. It is the Swelling of the skin and the subcutaneay Subentaneay tissues dim to the accumulation of the free fluids in excess in the interstitial tissue space. It is classified as pitting or non-pitting and generalized or localized Assessed by pressing against the bone in the dependent Parts. occurs in cases of local inflammation, anaemia, Cardiol diseases, renal disease etc. The skin is also examined for. rany pigmentation. am in, eruptions, Scars and secondary lesions. The Skeletal deformities, if any Should be noted. Havels should be examined for cury hodules, deformities, Fremors, etc.