Human Anatomy & Physiology - Chapter 1 Testbank

Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition (Amerman) Chapter 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 1) Which learner thrives in an environment with a practical-based laboratory or hands-on activities? A) visual/verbal B) tactile/kinesthetic C) visual/nonverbal D) auditory/verbal Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 2) Sierra says she learns more from reading the textbook for class than from sitting in lecture. She must be a(n): A) visual/verbal learner. B) tactile/kinesthetic learner. C) visual/nonverbal learner. D) auditory/verbal learner. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 3) Jesse felt comfortable using the microscope after listening to directions from his lab professor. His learning style preference must be: A) visual/verbal learner. B) tactile/kinesthetic learner. C) visual/nonverbal learner. D) auditory/verbal learner. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 4) What does the SQ3R method stand for? A) search, quiet, research, read, and remember B) share, quiz, query, question, and read C) survey, question, read, recite, and review D) sort, query, read, recite, and review Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 5) Why should a student use the SQ3R method? A) The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for improving test taking skills. B) The SQ3R method provides a plan for a student to improve textbook reading skills. C) The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for taking notes during lecture class. D) The SQ3R method provides a student with ways to improve time management skills. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 6) What is a good way to manage time in preparation for your anatomy and physiology class? A) I should delay studying until the day or two before the test to best remember the material. B) I should stay up all night the night before the test to maximize what is stored in short-term memory. C) I study only on the weekends when I have many hours of free time. D) I make a schedule and budget my time. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 7) What type of learner performs best with study groups? A) tactile/kinesthetic learner B) visual/verbal learner C) visual/nonverbal learner D) any type of visual learner Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.1 8) What is a good strategy for class or laboratory preparation? A) Read and prepare notes before attending your class or laboratory. B) Avoid reading before class as you may get confused. C) Only read after you have attended class or laboratory. D) Focus on reading your materials on the weekends when you have hours to spend. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.1.2 9) How could you use the Learning Outcomes in this book to help you study? A) Rewrite each Learning Outcome in your notes. B) Recite the Learning Outcomes until you have them memorized. C) Read through the Learning Outcomes after you have completed a section. D) Write down the answers to the Learning Outcomes. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.1.3 10) What characteristic of life involves the removal of waste products that result from metabolic processes? A) growth B) reproduction C) excretion D) irritability Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.1 11) What is the smallest level of structural organization in the human body? A) organ level B) chemical level C) tissue level D) cellular level Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.2.2 12) Which of the following is the most complex structural level of organization? A) cellular level B) tissue level C) organ level D) chemical level Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.2.2 13) Which of the following is the correct sequence, from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body? A) chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level B) chemical level, tissue level, cellular level, organ system level, organ level, organismal level C) cellular level, chemical level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level D) cellular level, tissue level, chemical level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.2.2 14) In laboratory, you will study the overall structure and shape of the femur bone without the aid of a microscope. This is a study known as: A) regional anatomy. B) microscopic anatomy. C) systemic anatomy. D) gross anatomy. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.3 15) In laboratory, you will study tissues. This area of study is known as: A) gross anatomy. B) physiology. C) histology. D) cytology. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.3 16) Which organ system produces movement and generates heat? A) muscular system B) endocrine system C) skeletal system D) digestive system Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.5 17) Which organ system includes blood vessels and the heart? A) cardiovascular system B) endocrine system C) respiratory system D) lymphatic system Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.4 18) Which two organ systems include the pancreas as a component? A) digestive and urinary systems B) endocrine and lymphatic systems C) digestive and endocrine systems D) respiratory and cardiovascular systems Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.4 19) What is a major function of the respiratory system? A) return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system B) deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body C) produce vitamin D and retain water D) digest food and absorb nutrients into the blood Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.2.5 20) When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing: A) forward. B) backward. C) to the side. D) down. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.1 21) A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides, palms facing forward, is in the: A) supine position. B) anatomical position. C) frontal position. D) sagittal position. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.1 22) A person in anatomical position is visualized to be: A) laying down on his or her back. B) standing upright. C) sitting down. D) laying down on the stomach. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.1 23) Which directional term indicates the front side of the body? A) medial B) anterior (ventral) C) posterior (dorsal) D) superior (cranial) Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.2 24) A directional term that means the same as posterior is: A) dorsal. B) anterior. C) ventral. D) sagittal. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.5.2 25) What best describes the directional term proximal? A) toward the head B) toward the front C) closer to the point of origin D) closer to the midline of the body Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.2 26) Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The mouth is ________ to the nose. A) posterior (dorsal) B) inferior (caudal) C) superior (cranial) D) distal Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.3 27) Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The elbow is ________ to the wrist. A) inferior (caudal) B) proximal C) distal D) superficial Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.3 28) In anatomical position, the palms are on the: A) anterior (ventral) surface. B) posterior (dorsal) surface. C) lateral surface. D) superior (cranial) surface. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.3 29) The shoulder is also known as the: A) acromial region. B) digital region. C) antebrachial region. D) brachial region. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.4 30) On which body surface is the sural region? A) anterior (ventral) B) posterior (dorsal) C) superficial D) medial Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.3, 1.3.4 31) The vertebral region is superior to the: A) sacral region. B) cervical region. C) occipital region. D) cephalic region. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.3.3, 1.3.4 32) The hand is also known as the: A) plantar region. B) pedal region. C) manual region. D) acromial region. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.4 33) A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is known as a: A) sagittal plane. B) midsagittal (median) plane. C) transverse (horizontal) plane. D) frontal (coronal) plane. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.3.6 34) Dr. Mitchell performs open heart surgery. The incision he makes through the sternal region of his patient divides the thoracic cavity into equal left and right parts. This incision must be made along a: A) sagittal plane. B) midsagittal (median) plane. C) transverse (horizontal) plane. D) frontal (coronal) plane. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.3.6 35) What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity? A) cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities B) thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities C) abdominal and pelvic cavities D) pleural and pericardial cavities Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.1 36) What major organs are housed in the thoracic cavity? A) lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea B) stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas C) urinary bladder, reproductive organs D) brain and spinal cord Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.1 37) What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? A) pericardium B) pleura C) diaphragm D) mediastinum Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.1 38) The thoracic cavity is situated superior to the abdominopelvic cavity and separated by the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm creates a: A) transverse (horizontal) plane or cross section. B) midsagittal (median) plane. C) parasagittal plane. D) frontal (coronal) plane. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.4.1, 1.3.3 39) What smaller cavity within the thoracic cavity houses the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, and trachea? A) mediastinum B) diaphragm C) peritoneal cavity D) abdominal cavity Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.1 40) Which regions of the abdominopelvic cavity are situated medially? A) right and left hypochondriac regions, and the epigastric region B) right hypochondriac, right lumbar, and right iliac (inguinal) regions C) right and left lumbar regions and the umbilical region D) epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric regions Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.4.2 41) Select the letter that represents the left iliac (inguinal) region. A) A B) B C) C D) D Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.2 42) Which region of the abdominopelvic cavity lies between the right and left lumbar regions? A) hypogastric region B) right lumbar region C) epigastric region D) umbilical region Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.2 43) Serous membranes line certain cavities within the: A) ventral cavities. B) cranial cavity. C) dorsal cavities. D) vertebral (spinal) cavity. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.3 44) The innermost serous membrane attached to the heart muscle is called the: A) visceral peritoneum. B) visceral pleura. C) visceral pericardium. D) parietal pericardium. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.3 45) What would a needle travel through as it enters the right lung? A) parietal pleura, serous fluid, visceral pleura, right lung B) parietal pleura, serous fluid, right lung, visceral pleura C) visceral pleura, serous fluid, parietal pleura, right lung D) visceral pericardium, serous fluid, parietal pericardium, right lung Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 3) Analysis Learning Outcome: 1.4.3 46) Which serous membrane covers the abdominal organs? A) pleura B) mediastinum C) peritoneum D) pericardium Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.4.3 47) The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed: A) homeostasis. B) integration. C) effector control. D) positive feedback. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.5.1 48) What part of a feedback loop causes physiological responses to return the variable to the normal homeostatic range? A) receptor (sensor) B) stimulus C) effector D) control center Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.5.2 49) A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed a(n): A) stimulus. B) effector. C) receptor. D) regulator. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.5.2 50) When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature heats up above the normal range. Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature. The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands, causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin. What part of this feedback loop is the stimulus? A) increased body temperature B) brain C) nerve cells D) sweat glands Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 3) Application Learning Outcome: 1.5.2 51) When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature heats up above the normal range. Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature. The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands, causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin. What part of this feedback loop is the effector? A) increased body temperature B) brain C) nerve cells D) sweat glands Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 3) Application Learning Outcome: 1.5.2 52) How does the effector restore homeostasis in a negative feedback loop? A) The effector opposes the initial stimulus and shuts off when conditions return to the normal range. B) The effector amplifies the response, but does not continue indefinitely. C) The effector increases and reinforces the initial stimulus. D) The effector causes a rapid change in a variable. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.5.3 53) A mother breastfeeds her infant. As long as the baby suckles his mother's breast, the mother's mammary glands produce milk. Suckling, the stimulus, increases milk production, the response. This scenario is best described as: A) anatomical position. B) principle of complementarity of structure and function. C) a negative feedback loop. D) a positive feedback loop. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 3) Application Learning Outcome: 1.5.3 54) The type of feedback that increases or enhances the effects of the variable is: A) neutral. B) negative. C) positive. D) responsive. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 1.5.3 55) What of the following best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function? A) maintenance of a stable internal environment B) structure drives function C) function follows structure D) form follows function Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 1.5.4