Marriage and Family Practice Final Exam

About one-half of all first marriages in the United States are likely to end in divorce. About one-tenth of older adults are living in poverty. About one-third of unpaid caregivers are male. About 10 percent of all children (5.3 million) are living in a married stepfamily with one biological parent and one stepparent. About 3.5 percent of Americans age 65 and older live in nursing homes. About 40 percent of children born to married parents will experience marital disruption. According to the text, elder abuse in families often, although not always, results from caregiver stress. According to the text, negotiating family boundary changes is particularly difficult when the loss of a family member is ambiguous. According to the text’s definition, which of the following is NOT an illustration of family stress? losing one’s job and subsequent bankruptcy All of the following demographic factors have been associated with the breakup of cohabiting unions EXCEPT strong religious belief As they grow older, women are adversely affected by the double standard of aging; that is, men aren’t considered old or sexually ineligible as soon as women are. Because mothers retain custody in the preponderance of divorce cases, and because women are economically disadvantaged in employment, fathers are the most likely to pay child support Between 1960 and a peak in 1980, the refined divorce rate more than doubled. Characteristically, stressor overload creeps up on people without realizing it. Children of divorce also are more likely to have been “parentified” meaning they were forced to take on adult responsibilities before they were developmentally mature enough to handle them. Considerable research has shown that on average, in comparison with children in first-marriage families, stepchildren of all ages are somewhat less well-adjusted. Divorces occur relatively early in marriage. A large percentage end in about five years. Eventually, a stepfamily might achieve integration and appreciate its unique identity. This is known as the resolution stage in Papernow’s seven-stage model of stepfamily development. Family systems theory emphasizes interdependence in family relationships. In Amato’s typology, the life stress perspective assumes that, just as divorce is known to be an emotionally challenging life event for adults, it must also be so for children. In Amato’s typology, the economic hardship perspective holds that financial difficulties brought about by marital dissolution are primarily responsible for the problems faced by children of divorce. In Amato’s typology, the parental adjustment perspective stresses the quality of parenting in terms of children’s adjustment to divorce. In the ABC-X family crisis model, “A” is the stressor event. In the ABC-X family crisis model, “B” is the family’s ability to cope with a crisis. In the ABC-X family crisis model, “C” is the family’s ability appraisal of the stressor event. In the ABC-X family crisis model, “D” is the crisis. In the double ABC-X model, “A” becomes “Aa,” or family pileup. Family stress is a state of tension that arises when demands test or tax a family’s capabilities. Most remarried people are happy with their relationships and lives. Older people who are not biologically related to the “grandchildren” but assume a grandparent-like role are called surrogate grandparents One example of crisis-meeting resources is found in community resources, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act, which parent groups helped to pass. Projections are that, by the year 2050, there will be approximately 88 million Americans age 65 and older. “Divorce parties” and “divorce rings” are indicative of the feelings of elation that some people experience soon after divorce. Remarrying women generally benefit financially more than do remarrying men. Some everyday family stressors are unique to low-income families. Which of the following is NOT one of these? regularly attending religious services Some people divorce, remarry, redivorce, and then marry again. But a majority of remarriages are second marriages. The crude divorce rate is the number of divorces per 1,000 per population. The interparental conflict perspective holds that conflict between parents is responsible for the lowered well-being of children of divorce. The text indicates that perhaps the most significant factor in the comparative instability of remarriages is the presence of stepchildren. The text observes that today, more and more stepfamilies result from cohabitation. The text points out that the particular challenges that characterize remarriages often begin with the previous divorce. The text uses which of the following terms in referring to the low point of family disorganization? nadir Three general styles of grandparenting are identified in the text. Which of the following is NOT one of these? obligatory Today, approximately 25 percent of all marriages involve a remarriage of one or both partners. Today over 40 million Americans are age 65 or older. Today’s parents can find themselves in the “senior sandwich generation”; paying for a child’s college tuition, worrying about the financial burden of eldercare for aging parents, while trying to save for their own retirement. Today, the rural-urban distinction in divorce has completely disappeared. When a family member becomes addicted to alcohol, the entire family system is affected. Which theoretical perspective views a family as such? family systems Which of the following is NOT considered a reason for the stabilization of the divorce rate over the past three decades? divorce has one again become socially unacceptable WHich of the following is one of the reasons offered in the text for the slight decline in remarriage rates? many divorced persons who would have remarried in the past are now cohabiting in stepfamilies. Which of the following terms in the textbook refers to the duration of marriage? marital stability