Essentials Cheat Sheet

IPv6 Essentials Reference Sheet v1.8 IPv6 Addressing Address Type IPv6 Address Shorthand Notation IPv6 Notation Binary Prefix Unspecified ::/128 0000...0 (128 bits) Loopback ::1/128 0000...1 (128 bits) 2001:db8:6:1ab5:0:0:0:ba11 2001:0db8:0006:1ab5:0000:0000:0000:ba11 remove leading zeros to achieve Multicast ff00::/8 1111 1111 xxxx xxxx additional reduction by replacing consecutive fields of zeros with double-colon “::” option (can only be done once) to achieve Link-Local fe80::/10 1111 1110 1000 0000 2001:db8:6:1ab5::ba11 Global Unicast (GUA) 2000::/3 001x xxxx xxxx xxxx Uniq ue Loc al (ULA) fc00 ::/7 1111 110x xxxx xxxx 6to4 (tunnel) 2002::/16 Teredo (tunnel) 2001:0000::/32 IPv4-Mapped IPv6 0:0:0:0:0:ffff:a.b.c.d NAT 64 64:ff 9b::/96 Documentation 2001:0db8::/32 Description Scope All Nodes Address Interface-local ff 02 :: 1 All Nodes Address Link-local ff 01 :: 2 All Routers Address Interface-local ff 02 :: 2 All Routers Address Link-local ff 05 :: 2 All Routers Address Site-local ff 02 :: 4 DVMRP Ro uters Link-local ff 02 :: 5 OSPF IGP Drothers Link-local ff 02 :: 6 OSPF IGP DRs Link-local ff 02 :: 9 RIPng Routers Link-local ff 02 :: a EIGRPv6 Routers Link-local ff 02 :: c Microsoft SSDP Link-local ff 02 :: d All PIM Routers Link-local ff 02 :: 12 VRRPv3 Link-local ff 02 :: 16 All MLDv2 Routers Link-local ff 02 :: 1:2 DHCPv6 Servers/Agents Link-local ff 05 :: 1:3 DHCPv6 Servers/Agents Site-local ff 0x :: 101 Network Time Protocol Variable ff 02 :: 1:ffxx:xxxx Solicited-Node Address 130 Multicast Listener Query 131 Multicast L istener Report 132 Multicast L istener Done 133 Router Solicitation 134 Router Advertisement 135 Neighbor Solicitation 136 Neighbor Advertisement 137 Redirect Message 138 Router Renumbering 139 ICMP Node Info rmation Query 140 ICMP Node Information Response 143 Multicast L istener Report (MLDv2) 144 Home Ag ent Discovery Request 145 Home Ag ent Discovery Reply 146 Mobile Prefix Solicitation 147 Mobile Prefix Advertisement Version : IP version number, 6 for IPv6 Traffic Class : Similar to IPv4 ToS field. Used by nodes to identify and distinguish between different classes or priorities of IPv6 packets Flow label : Used by a source to label sequences of packets for which it requests special handling by the IPv6 routers Paylo ad Length : Length of the IPv 6 payload (may also include extension headers) Next Header : Identifies the type of header following the IPv6 header Hop Limit : Decremente d by 1 by every router that forwards the packet Source Address : IPv6 address of the originator of the packet, will be a unicast address Destination Address : IPv6 address of the intended recipient or final destination of the packet, can be unicast or multicast address Interface ID from MAC Address 00 00 18 18 41 41 23 ff fe 00000000 02 Link-local 18 41 IPv6 Hop-byHop O ption 41 IPv6 encapsulatio n 43 Routing Header for IPv6 44 Fragment Header for IPv6 50 Encap Security Payload (ESP) 51 Authentication Header (AH) 59 No Next Header for IPv6 60 Destination Options for IPv 6 32 23 6a IEEE 48 -bit MAC Address 32 Expanded to EUI-64 0xfffe inserted ff fe 23 6a 0218 :41ff:fe23:6a32 32 Modified EUI-64 Interface ID IPv6 Address Types (Extension Headers) 0 6a Invert 7th bit of 1st Byte , known as the universal/local bit 00000010 IPv6 Next Header Fields ICMPv6 Message Types Echo Reply Hop Limit (8) Destination Address (128) Well Known Multicast Addresses Echo Request Flow Label ( 20 ) Next Header (8) Source Address (128) ff 01 :: 1 129 Traffic Class (8) Paylo ad Length (16) Address 128 IPv6 Header Version (4) Link-Local – Autom atically assigned per interface, not routable Global Unicast Address (GUA) – Assigned by SL AAC, Stateful (DHCPv6), or manual, routable to Internet Uniq ue Local Address (ULA) – Assigned by SLAAC, Stateful (DHCPv6), or manual, not routable to Internet , is routable within enterprise (like private address) Unicast – one-to-one (link-local, unique local, global) Anycast – one-to-nearest (allocated from Unicast) Multicast – one-to-many (also replaces broadcast) Wireshark Display Filters for IPv6 ipv6 – all IPv6 traffic icmpv6 – all IPv6 ICMPv 6 traffic dhcpv6 – all DHCPv 6 traffic icmpv6.type == 133 – all router solicitations icmpv6.type == 134 – all router advertisements icmpv6.type == 135 – all neighbor solicitation s icmpv6.type == 136 – all neighbor advertisements icmpv6.type == 137 – all redirect messages IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol Neighbor Solicitation (NS) – Neighbor address resolution (similar to IPv4 ARP) Neighbor Advertisement (NA) – Response to Neighbor Solicitation requests Router Solicitation (RS) – Sent by nodes “looking” for IPv6 routers on-link Router Advertisements (RA) – Sent periodically by routers and in response to RS Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) – Sent to own Solicited-Node Multicast Address