TPC IP Model | American Baptist College

University:
American Baptist College
Course:
CSCI 3621 | Networking
Academic year:

2020
Views:

193

Pages:

28
Author:

Trevon Bernard

TCP/IP model Application Transport Internet Network Access TCP/IP model The TCP/IP model was developed prior to the OSI model. The TCP/IP model is not exactly similar to the OSI model. The TCP/IP model consists of five layers: the application layer, transport layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer. TCP/IP model Following are the protocols used in this layer are: Fragmentation and Reassembly: The limit imposed on the size of the IP datagram by data link layer protocol is known as Maximum Transmission unit (MTU). If the size of IP datagram is greater than the MTU unit, then the IP protocol splits the datagram into smaller units so that they can travel over the local network. Fragmentation can be done by the sender or intermediate router. At the receiver side, all the fragments are reassembled to form an original message. TCP/IP model Following are the protocols used in this layer are: Routing: When IP datagram is sent over the same local network such as LAN, MAN, WAN, it is known as direct delivery. When source and destination are on the distant network, then the IP datagram is sent indirectly. This can be accomplished by routing the IP datagram through various devices such as routers. TCP/IP model ARP Protocol ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol. ARP is a network layer protocol which is used to find the physical address from the IP address. TCP/IP model ARP Protocol The two terms are mainly associated with the ARP Protocol: ARP request: When a sender wants to know the physical address of the device, it broadcasts the ARP request to the network. ARP reply: Every device attached to the network will accept the ARP request and process the request, but only recipient recognize the IP address and sends back its physical address in the form of ARP reply. The recipient adds the physical address both to its cache memory and to the datagram header