University:
Arizona State University
Course:
CHM 101 | Introductory Chemistry
Academic year:

2022
Views:

271

Pages:

3
Author:

Alexa Livingston

Nomenclature – Naming Ionic and Molecular Compounds OBJECTIVES: 1. Learn to identify ionic or molecular compounds 2. Learn the rules for naming ionic and covalent compounds Ionic Compounds (salts): These compounds form from charged atoms or groups of atoms held together by ionic bonds (charge attractions). Electrons are transferred between metal cations and nonmetals anions or involve polyatomic anions. They exist as ions in solid, liquid, and solution (if dissolved) phases. These compounds are crystalline and brittle and have extremely high melting points. The following represent combinations of species that exist as salts: metal cation & nonmetal anion metal cation & polyatomic anion polyatomic cation & nonmetal anion polyatomic cation & polyatomic anion Naming Rules for Ionic Compounds Naming Step 1. First name the… 2. Then name the Type I Type II Other (Group 1 or 2, Al3+, Ga3+ cation) (Transition metal cation) (Polyatomic cation) Metal CATION Use element name Metal CATION Use element name and Roman numeral for charge Polyatomic CATION Use the memorized name Nonmetal ANION: Use the root name of the element, followed by suffix “-ide” OR Polyatomic ANION: Use the memorized name of the polyatomic anion Molecular Compounds: These compounds form from uncharged groups of atoms connected to one another by covalent bonds. Electrons are shared (rather than transferred), with nonmetals typically bound to nonmetals. Polyatomic ions are held together with covalent bonds but the whole ion may be ionically bonded to another ion. Naming Rules for Molecular Compounds 1. First name the… 2. Then name the Least electronegative (“cation-like”) element Use element name AND appropriate prefix to indicate quantity of each atom Most electronegative (“anion-like”) element Use root name of the element, followed by suffix “-ide” AND Appropriate prefix to indicate quantity of each atom PRACTICE – Identify the following as “molecular” or “ionic” compounds. For A-C, write the correct name and for D-F write their correct formula. A) S4N4 Molecular Tetranitrogen Tetrasulfide C) Co2S3 Ionic Cobalt Trisulfide B) BaCrO4 Ionic Barium Chromate D) lithium nitride Ionic, LiN3 E) disulfur dichloride F) nickel (II) fluoride Cl2S2, Molecular NiF2, Ionic Naming Worksheet 1. Categorize (molecular or ionic) the following compounds and write their names. Cr2O3 - Ionic, Chromium Trioxide (NH4)2CO3 - Ionic, Ammonium Cabronate NH4Cl – Ionic, Ammonium Chloride NH3 - Molecular, Ammonia Li3N – Lithium Nitride 2. CaCO3 - Ionic, Calcium Carbonate SF6 - Sulfur Hexaflouride, Molecular N2H4 – Hydrazine, Molecular H2O – Molecular, hydrogen dioxide Na2CrO4 Sodium Chromate Categorize (molecular or ionic) the following compounds and write their formulas. dichlorine heptoxide Cl2O7, Molecular iron(III) oxide Fe2O3, Ionic sodium hydroxide NaOH, Ionic dioxygen O2, Molecular ammonium sulfide Ionic, NH4S2 calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2, Ionic magnesium oxide MgO, Ionic 3. phosphorous pentafluoride PF5, Molecular Give the name and molecular formula of the following two compounds. A B