University:
Augusta University
Course:
CHEM 1441 | General Chemistry
Academic year:

2022
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370

Pages:

2
Author:

Bidoggia5pt

Name: Teacher's Notes Pd: _____ Date: _____ Chemistry: Chemical Bonds & Lewis Dot Structures Worksheet Intro to Chemical Bonding Why do elements combine to form chemical compounds? Elements combine to form compounds so their atoms can achieve a full shell of valence electrons and become more stable. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonding. Both are types of bonds that join two atoms together. In Covalent bonds a pair of electrons are shared between the 2 atoms, whereas in ionic bonds the electrons(s) are transferred from one atom to the other. Rank single, double and triple bonds in order of shortest to longest bond length? triple bond < double bond < single bond Lewis Dot Structures Determine the total number of valence electrons in each of the following: a. SBr2 6(1) + 7(2) = 20 b. NBr3 5(1) + 7(3) = 26 c. CH3OH 4(1) + 1(4) + 6(1) = 14 d. NH3 5(1) + 1(3) = 8 Draw the Lewis dot structures for each of the following covalent molecules or polyatomic ions: a. H2O H O:H 8 valence e-'s b. H3O+ H [H:O:H]+ 8 valence e-'s c. CCl4 :Cl: :Cl:C:Cl: :Cl: 32 valence e-'s d. SiF4 :F: :F:Si:F: :F: 32 valence e-'s e. CF2Cl2 :Cl: :F:C:F: :Cl: 32 valence e-'s f. C2H6 H H H:C:C:H H H 14 valence e-'s After you create single bonds between the atoms, what do you need to do if there aren't enough remaining electrons to complete all of the octets? 1 you need to place one extra bond between 2 atoms for every 2 electrons you are short. When does a covalent compound have resonance structures? When there is more than one bonding arrangement that allows the atoms to satisfy the octet rule. Draw the Lewis dot structure for each of the following molecules or polyatomic ions: a. HCCH 10 valence e-'s H:C:::C:H b. CO 10 valence e-'s :C:::O: c. H2CO (C is the central atom) 12 valence e-'s H H:C::O: d. NO- 12 valence e-'s [:N::O:]- e. N2O (NNO) 16 valence e-'s :N::N:O: <-> :N:N::O: <-> :N:::N:O: f. F2 14 valence e-'s :F:F: g. SO4^2- 32 valence e-'s [O :O:S:O: O]2- h. NH3 8 valence e-'s H H:N:H i. PI3 40 valence e-'s :I: :I:P:I: j. SF6 48 valence e-'s :F: :F:S:F: :F: Draw the Lewis dot structure for each of the following ionic compounds: a. MgO Mg:O: -> Mg^2+ + [:O:]^2- b. BaF2 Ba: + 2:F: -> Ba^2+ + 2[:F:]^- c. AlCl3 Al: + 3:Cl: -> Al^3+ + 3[:Cl:]^- d. Li2O 2 Li: + :O: -> 2 Li^+ + [:O:]^2- e. Al2O3 2 Al: + 3:O: -> 2 Al^3+ + 3[:O:]^2- f. K3N 3 K: + :N: -> 3 K^+ + :N:^-

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