University:
Boston University
Course:
CAS WR 153 | Writing, Research, & Inquiry with Creativity/Innovation
Academic year:

2022
Views:

460

Pages:

19
Author:

Mike Williamson

 You want to be able to see the characters, because that makes it more engaging! (And it’s simple to implement)  Declare the image like you did with the scene (BEFORE label start) and then make it “show”.  image d happy = "durhappy.gif“  Show d happy  Just like the scene can change from BU to outer space, the characters can go from happy to any other emotion.  If you type a different “show x yy” a second time, It will overwrite the current one, and show you the new picture!  You can also “hide” pictures (good practice) if you’re making another picture show in the same location, or if the character is leaving. Add an at-clause to a show statement. Simply say: show d happy at right Or: show d happy at left  Most games play music in the background. In Ren'Py, music files automatically loop until they are stopped by the user.  play music "illurock.ogg“  When changing music, one can supply a fadeout clause, which is used to fade out the old music when new music is played.  play music "illurock.ogg" fadeout 1.0  Music can be stopped with the stop music statement, which can also optionally take a fadeout clause.  stop music  Sound effects can be played with the play sound statement  play sound "effect.ogg"  Ren’Py supports formats other than .ogg for sound and music e.g. mp3, but make sure you check the copy rights before using the music.  Like functions/methods (chunks of code you can call from anywhere in your program).  “label” is a keyword for functions (like def).  You must have noticed that we had a “label start” before the game code. It is a keyword that signals where the program begins. If you want a function to run, you will need to call it (or call a function that calls it). To call a label, you “jump” to it. Keep your “start” label at the top, that is good coding style and makes it easier to see how things flow.  Remember to jump back to where you were if you want to continue executing the code that is after the jump.  Ren’Py will NOT automatically jump back to the label you jumped from.  The menu statement introduces an in-game-menu.  It takes a block of lines, each consisting of a string followed by a colon. These are the menu choices which are presented to the user.  Each menu choice should be followed by a block of one or more Ren'Py statements. When a choice is chosen, the statements following it are run. Let’s see what the play with the visual novel that now has a simple menu. (Code on next slide)  After a point it becomes necessary to store the user's choices in variables, and access them again later.  Based on the user’s choices, the value stored in the variable changes, for example:  The number of answers you get right  True or False flags  You can end the game by running the return statement, without having called anything.  it's best to put something in the game that indicates that the game is ending, and perhaps giving the user an ending number or ending name.  Design a game that has:  Three Characters.  Four backgrounds.  Three menus.  Five labels  Three different ending