The Difference Between Strategy And A Plan

The Difference between а Strategy and а Plan When Notto Use the Strategy Chart Preparing to Make а Chart The Five Columns of the Strategy Chart Using the Chart Timelines Sample Strategy Chart l1e woi-d "stгategy" is so 11шсl1 iп пsе tl1ese days tlшt it сап шеап alшost a11ytl1i11g. Little cl1ildгe11 аге taпgl1t "stгategies" foi­ slюe tyiпg апd lateг fог cloi11g lюшеwогk. As life pгogгesses, we lеагп "stгategies" fог sпccess iп шапiаgе, fi11di11g woi-k, Clliнese cookiпg, ашl bгeecliнg tгopical fisl1. No wопdег tl1e woi-cl is co11fпsi11g. Еvен iн tl1e шо�-е liшited аге11а of cit­ ize11 oгga11izi11g, tl1e laнgпage ofteп caпses сопfпsiоп. People talk аЬопt а "шeclia stгategy," а "legal stгategy," ан "electoгal stгategy," ог а "рпЫiс eclпcatioп stгategy," Ьпt all of tl1ese ше actпally tactics, поt stпttegies. We сап пsе tl1e шeclia, tl1e coшts, tl1e electoi-al systeш, ог рпЫiс eclпcatioп as specific ways to apply ргеssше to sошеопе, Ьпt а stгategy is tl1e clesigн of the саш­ раigн сошЬi11есl witl1 ап aпalysis of роwег гelatio11sl1ips. Tactics ше tl1e iпdividпal steps iп сапуiпg опt а stгategy. Iп diгect actioп oi-ga11izi11g, "stгategy" is giveн а шо�-е pгecise defi11itio11. Strategy Ап approach to making а government or corporate official do something in the риЬ/iс interest that he or she does not ot/1erwise wish to do. The Difference between а Strategy and а Plan If уош objective is aпytlliпg otl1eг tlшп шakiпg ап official do soшetlliнg, tl1e11 уоп cloн't неесl а stтategy; уоп 011ly пеесl а plan. Tl1e diffeгeнce is tlшt а рlап is аЬопt tl1e steps уоп will пееd to tak:e foi- апу pгoject, wllile а stгategy is аЬопt tl1e гela­ tioпsllip of роwег betweeп уоп апd tl1e official. Iп fact, tlie woi-d "stгategy" сошеs fтош tl1e Gгeek: stmtegos, шeailiпg tl1e гапk of Gепегаl iп tl1e а�шу. Developing а Strategy Wlшteveг уон ате tтyiнg to wiн, аг lюweveг уон waпt ап elected ofi'icial to vote 011 а bill, it is always betteг if tl1e clecisioп шаkег volнпtaгily agгees апс! doesп't нееd to Ье pгessшed. Fог tlшt ге аsоп, tl1e iпitial tactics iп апу сашраigп нsпally staгt with wгitiпg а letteг апс! tгyiпg to have а шeet­ iпg апd а coпveгsatioн. Explaiн lюw tl1e facts ате 011 уош sicle, wl1y уоп ате шшаllу гigl1t, аш! how ншсl1 people пееd tl1e chaпge уон аге aclvocatiпg. Еvеп talk аЬонt how 11шсl1 it will advaнce tl1e electecl official's сагеет to see tl1e шаttег уош way. Soшetiшes tl1is waгks. Otteп it does поt. W 11e11 регsпаsiоп fails, it шау Ье Ьесанsе tl1e decisioп шаkег siшply holds а stгoпg орiнiоп tlшt is сопtгагу to уошs, Ьпt шаге ofteп, it is Ьесапsе as уон wеге goiпg iпto l1is ог hег office, a11otl1eг gIOнp was соп1iпg онt tlшt was applyiпg ргеssше fгош tl1e opposite side. Маге tlшп Шсеlу, tl1e otl1eг gгонр гергеsепtеd sоше pгivate iпteгest. As 11шсl1 as рпЫiс oftlcials like to ргеtепd that tl1ey шаkе нр theiг оwп шiпcls оп policy issнes, tl1ey ате нsпally bowiпg to tl1e wisl1es of special iпteгests tlшt сан speнd laтge sш11s ot· шонеу to get wlшt t11ey waнt. Wl1e11 ргеssше is applied to 1лeve11t jнstice fтош beiпg dоне, we пшst apply соппtегргеssше to епsше tl1at jнstice pгevails. Fаг tl1is, уон пееd шаге thaп а рlап; уон пееd а sti-ategy. А stгategy is tl1e oveшll clesigп fш bнilcliпg tl1e роwег to сошреl sошеопе to give уош oгgai1iza­ tioп wl1at it waпts. Sl10гt-teп11 stгategies cai1 соvег а peгiocl of clays OI weeks; lопg-tегш stгategies сан сопtiпне fOI шапу yeai·s. Tl1e stшtegy cl1aтt tl1at follows is ан ехtгешеlу нsefнl tool fш cai11paig11 plaш1iпg. It leпds itself botl1 to oveшll сашраigп stшtegy апd to plaru1iпg of specific tactics sнcl1 as а pнblic l1eai-i11g ог ан accoппtaЫlity sessioн wiili ап elected official. (Yes, уон cai1 lшve а sшalleг stгategy fOI caiтyiнg онt а paтticнlai· tactic.) The chmi is vаlнаЫе as the focal poiпt of а gгонр plaш1iнg pгocess Ьесанsе it poses tl1e песеssату qнestioнs iп а logical огсlег ai1d шoves people tш:oнgl1 tl1e рlаннiпg pгocess step Ьу step. When Not to Use the Chart Tl1e cl1aтt is iпteпclecl f01' caшpaigпs aiшecl at wiппiпg soшetl1iпg fIOШ sошеопе. It is поt нse­ fнl fOI electio11 ca111paig11s ог геfегепсlа wl1eгe tl1e goal is to get а шajoгity of voteгs to vote а сег­ tаiп way 01' fог eclпcatioпal caшpaigпs tl1e goals of w11icl1 ате to get people to tl1i11k а сегtаiп way. If, wl1e11 нsiпg tl1e сlшгt, уон fiпcl yoпгself wгit­ iпg "tl1e рнЫiс" ог "voteгs" iв tl1e Taтgets соlш1111, уоп ате ргоЬаЫу нsiпg tl1e cl1aтt fOI tl1e Wl'oвg рпгроsе. Tl1e сlшгt is also воt iвteпclecl fOI clealiпg witl1 tl1e iпteшal ргоЫешs of' уонг оwп oгga11izatio11, wl1eгe its нsе will exacer-Ьate coв­ flict a11cl leacl to а шаjог шeltclowв. Preparing to Make а Chart Developiпg а sti-atygy сlшгt assпшes tlшt уош gIDнp l1as alгeacly cl10se11 ап issнe (see pievioнs clшpteI). Iв уош stгategy рlшшiвg шeetiвgs, clis­ play tl1e cl1ш·t pI0111i11e11tly 011 а ЫасkЬоагd 0I lш·ge sl1eet of papeI iп tl1e fгопt of tl1e Iоош. Have tl1e followiпg геsошсеs 011 lшпсl to co111ple111e11t tl1e cl1aтt: 1. А laтge шар of tl1e aiea, city, 01' state iп w11icl1 tl1e ca111paig11 will take place. Cгitical Iela­ tioвsl1ips ofteп exist ашопg issнes, gIDпps, 11eigl1boгl10ods, geogiapl1y, апd political dis­ tгicts tlшt Ьесоше арратепt опlу wl1e11 уоп look at а шар. 2. Oveilays fOI tl1e шар (01' sepaгate distгict шарs) to slюw political distгicts. 3. Electioп Ietшпs fог гelevaвt Iaces f01' tl1e last sevei-al уеагs. Kпowiпg voti11g patteшs a11d totals iп ргiшатiеs апd geпei-al electioпs is iшрогtавt to п11deгstaпcli11g tl1e stгe11gtl1 of allies ашl oppo11e11ts, eve11 if уош 0Iga11iza­ tio11 is поt iпvolved iп electoгal wOik. 4. Wl1e11 tl1e decisioп шakeI, oI taгget, is а шеш­ Ьег of ап elected body it is песеssату to lшve sошеопе оп l1ai1cl wlю kпows lюw tlшt bocly is actнally oгga11izecl iпteшally a11cl lюw it WOiks. Fог ехашрlе, cloes уош City Сонпсil шешЬег гeally lшve апу i11flпe11ce ог tl1e aЬil­ ity to шоvе а Ьill, 01' is !1е 01' sl1e jнst опе vote ашопg шапу? 5. Tl1e Yellow Pages to icleпtify pЬteпtial co11stitнe11t авсl орровепt Oigaвizatioпs. 6. А list of уонг ow11 Ьоатсl шешЬегs ашl, if уон аге а coalitioв, уош affiliates Ьу aclclгess. Tl1is sпggests people to iвvolve at cliffeгeпt poiпts i11 tl1e ca111paig11. 7. Sошео11е wlю k11ows tl1e шajOI i11stitпtio11s iп tl1e агеа, шаjог eшployeis, baвks, coгpoгa­ tio11s, рнЫiс bпilcliпgs, etc. Allow sevei-al lюпгs to systeшatically go tl1Ioпgl1 tl1e cl1aтt, filliвg i11 tl1e Ieqнiied iвfoп11a­ tio11. Sоше gIDнps take lшlf а clay 01' lo11geг. А good facilitatoг is iшpOitaпt. If tl1e gгопр is lш·ge, split iпto а few sшalleг gIDнps. Ask eacl1 gгопр to develop а stгategy апсl tl1e11 iпcoipoi-ate tl1e best icleas fioш eacl1 gгопр iп tl1e fiпal cl1ш·t. The Five Columns of the Strategy Chart Тl1еге аге five шаjог stгategy eleшeпts to co11sicleI. Eacl1 lшs а соlш1111 to fill i11 011 tl1e cl1aтt. 1. Lo11g-TeI111, I11teп11ecliate, апсl Sl10гt-TeI111 Goals 2. OIga11izatio11al Co11sideгatio11s 3. Co11stitпe11ts, Allies, авd Oppo11e11ts 4. Tш·gets (wlю сап give уоп wlшt уоп waпt) 5. Tactics At fiгst glaпce, tl1e cl1ai·t appeai-s to Ье а seгies of lists. Wlшt we аге п11аЫе to slюw 011 рарег, Ьпt wlшt Ьесошеs cleai· wl1e11 уоп actпally пsе tl1e сlыгt i11 рlаппiвg, is tlыt it is шОiе like а сошрпtег Midwest Academy Strategy Chart Aftei- choosing уош issue, fill in this chart as а guide to developing stтategy. Ве specific. List а11 the possibilities. Goals 1. List the long-term objec­ tives of your campaign. 2. State the intermediate goals for this issue campaign. What constitutes victory? Ho,v ,vill the campaign • Win concrete improvement in people's lives? • Give people а sense of their own power? • Alter the relations of power? 3. What shoгt-term ог partial victories сап you win as steps towaгd your long-term goal? Organizational Considerations 1. List the resources that your oгganization brings to the campaign. Include money, numbeг of staff, facilities, гep­ utation, canvass, etc. What is the budget, including in-kind contiibutions, fог this • campaign ?. 2. List the specific ways in which you want your oгgani­ zation to Ье strengthened Ьу this campaign. Fill in numbeгs fог each: • • • • Expand leadeгship gгoup Incгease experience of existing leadeгship Build membeгship base Expand into new con­ stituencies Raise тоге money 3. List inteшal ргоЫеms that have to Ье consideгed if the campaign is to succeed. Constituents, Allies, and Opponents 1. Who сагеs about this issue enough to join in ог help the oгganization? • Whose proЫem is it? • What do they gain if they win? • What risks аге they taking? • What роwег do they have оvег the taгget? • Into what gгoups аге they oгganized? 2. Who ате your opponents? • What will your victory cost them? • Wl1at will they do/spend to oppose you? • How strong аге they? Targets 1. Primary Taгgets А taгget is always а peгson. It is neveг an institution ог elected body. • Who has the роwег to give you what you want? • What роwег do you· have оvег them? 2. Secondary Taгgets • Who has power оvег the people with the роwег to give you what you want? • What po\ver do you have оvег them? Tactics Fог each taгget, list the tactics that each constituent gгoup сап best use to make its power felt. Tactics must Ье • • • • In context. FlexiЫe and cгeative. Directed at а specific taгget. Make sense to the membeгship. • Ве backed up Ьу а specific form of power. Tactics include • Media events • Actions fог information and demands • Public heaгings • Strikes • Voteг гegistration and voteг education • Lawsuits • AccountaЬility sessions • Elections • Negotiations spгeaclsl1eet. WЬе11еvег уон cl1a11ge a11ytbl11g i11 011е соlн11111, coпespo11cli11g cl1a11ges 11eecl to Ье шасlе i11 tl1e otl1eгs. Fог ехашрlе, aclcli11g a11otl1eг goal шау геqнiге fi11cli11g а cliffeгe11t type of co11stitнe11t gгонр tlшt woнlcl ешрlоу а cliffeie11t tactic agai11st а 11ew taгget. Matl1eшatical гela­ tio11sblps also exist i11 tl1e cl1aгt. Goals пшst eqпal powe1·, a11cl tactics пшst l1ave а cost to tl1e taгget, fог ехашрlе. То l1elp illнstгate tl1e нsе of tЬе cl1aгt, we will нsе, ашо11g otheг exaшples, а l1ypotl1etical caш­ paig11 to wiп tax геfшш 011 tl1e state level. Let's say tlшt уон аге tl1e огgанizег i11 cl1al"ge of tl1e ca111paig11. Like шану otl1ei· states, уошs has see11 а шаjог есопошiс нрtнш i11 гесенt уеащ Ьнt seгvices tl1at wеге снt clшi11g tl1e last гecessio11 still have 11ot Ьее11 гestшecl a11cl tl1e Ьоош is be11efiti11g шаiнlу tl1e гicl1. Tl1e Gоvешог, а 111iclclle-of-tl1e­ юacl Dешосшt, woпlcl favoг i111pюvi11g seгvices, paгticнlaгly edнcatio11, Ьнt а laгge poгtion of state геvе1ше is co111i11g fгош гegгessive sales анd excise taxes, wblcl1 110 011е wa11ts to i11cгease. Neitl1eг is theгe а desh·e to гaise рюрегtу taxes, wllicl1 woнlcl fall 111ai11ly 011 tl1e wшldнg роог апd 111.iddle class. Уош oгga11izatio11, tl1e State Citize11s Alliaпce, is а coalitio11. It i11clнdes н11io11s, se11ioг citizen gгонрs, e11viю11111e11talists, со1111шшitу oгgailiza­ tions, low-i11co111e oгga11izatio11s, wo111e11's oгga11izatio11s, анd oгga11izatio11s of People of Соlог. Iп additio11, tl1e oгga11izatio11 lшs а11 i11di­ vidнal шешЬегsЫр of 20,000 people 111ai11tai11ecl Ьу а pюfessional telepl1011e caпvass. It lшs а fi11e tгack гесогd, l1avi11g wo11 шану statewide legisla­ tive battles. Уош oгgailizatioн sнppшts iпcгeasiпg taxes, Ьнt уон wai1t it dопе iн а pюgгessive way, w11icl1 pпts tl1e Ьшdеп оп lal"ge согрогаtiопs ai1d tl1e гicl1. Уон l1ave оЫаiпеd tl1e assistai1ce of а pнblic iпteг­ est oгga11izatio11 to di-aft уош оwп tax pюposal-tl1e Citizeпs' Faiт Тах Pla11-so уош tecl11lical pгeseпtatioп will Ье as good as ануопе сап рюdнсе. Уон ai·e 110w геаdу to pla11 Jiow to get уош pюposal passecl. Colt1mn 1 : Goals Long-Тегт Goals 1Ъеsе at"e tl1e goals tlшt уон eve11t11ally lюре to wi11 ашl towai·cl w11icl1 tl1e сштенt ca111paig11 is а step. Usiпg ош ехашрlе, уонг long-teгш goals пlight Ье to lшve tl1e state bнdget well fншlecl, to pгovicle tl1e seгvices tlшt tl1e people of tl1e state гeqнil·e, ашl to 0Ыаi11 tllis fшкliпg tl1юнgl1 а pю­ gгessive tax systeш basecl 011 tl1e aЬility to рау. Tl1e legislatio11 уон ai·e 110w spo11soгi11g woн't acco111plisl1 all of tlшt; it will онlу close tl1e bшlget gap iн tl1e slюгt пш. Ману гegгessive taxes will still Ье оп tl1e books ашl tl1e sclюols will still lшve рюЫешs, Ьнt it is а goocl step. lnteгmediate lssue Goals These ai·e the goals iliat уон lюре to wiп iн tbls cm11paig11. Iп tllis exai11ple, tl1e iпteгшediate issнe goal is tl1e passage of tl1e Citizeпs' Fail· Тах Pla11. Goals 11шst Ье vегу specific. If шешЬегs of а l10нsh1g gгонр saicl tl1eil· goal was fail· lюнsing ог ан e11vil·o11111e11tal oгgailizatioп said eпdiнg toxic clш11pi11g, sнcl1 goals woпlcl Ье so geneгal tl1at tl1ey опlу гestate ilie рюЫеш. Saying tlшt tl1e goal is "to edпcate tl1e pпblic" is to пlistake а goal fш а tactic. Pнblic edпcatioн is гeally а tactic and goes iн tl1e last соlн11111. (Note: Edнcating tl1e рнЫiс сап Ье а deceptive concept. How do уоп kнow wl1e11 уон lшve acco111plisl1ed it? WЬen is tl1e pнblic edнcated aiкl lюw eclпcated lшs it Ьесоше? Веwаге of any activ­ ity tЬat гeqнil·es spending шопеу witl1 110 way to шеаsше tl1e гesнlt.) RешешЬег, а goal is always so111etlli11g tlшt уон wil1 fгош so111eo11e. Test tl1e i11teп11ecliate goal­ aгe tl1ey specific steps towaгcl уош lопg-tегш goals? Do tl1ey шееt tl1e tl1Iee шаjш cгiteгia fo1 cl10osi11g ан issнe? Do tl1ey: 1. Wiн геаl iшргоvешепts i11 people's lives? 2. Give people а seпse of tl1eiI оwп роwег? 3. Alteг tl1e гelatioпs of роwег? Wlшt cloes it шеан to wiп? How will уон kнow wl1e11 уон lшve wон? 5/югl-Тегт lssue Goa!s Sl10гt-teп11 issнe goals аге steps towaгcl уош i11teп11ecliate goals. Уон cloн't always 11ecessaгily lшve to liave slюгt-teп11 issнe goals, Ьнt iн Ьig issнe caшpaigнs they аге нsefнl fог two геаsонs: Fiгst, few gюнрs аге stгoнg енонgl1 to wi11 а шаjог ca111paig11 witlюнt а peгiod of bнilcliнg роwег. Tl1ey ншst wiн tl1e sнррогt of iвclividнal officials a11cl i11cгease роwег at loca1 levels of gо vешшепt. Seco11cl, jнst to sнstaiн уош oгga11i­ zatio11 iн а loнg сашраigн, people пшst see sшall victoгies aloнg the way. Shшt-teп11 issпe goals fог tl1e Citizeнs' Faiг Тах Рlан ca111paig11 111igl1t Ье to obtai11 tl1e e11doгse111e11t of City Coннcils ог Сонвtу Co111111issio11s агош1d tl1e state авсl to шоvе fгош theгe to askiнg шешЬегs of tl1e legislatшe to pledge that tl1ey аgгее i11 pгinciple witl1 tl1e idea of pгogгessive taxatioн Ьеfше уош Ьill сошеs онt. Ог уон 111igl1t lапнсl1 а сашраigн fог tweпty­ five cospoнsoгs fгош taгgeted distтicts. Fог а local с01111шшitу шga11izatio11 woгki11g 011 а 11eigl1boгl10od issпe, tl1e sl10гt-teп11 issнe goal 111igl1t Ье jнst to get а шeetiнg witl1 tl1e City Сопнсil шешЬег. W11ен people see tliat tl1e orga11izatio11 сан do tliat 11шсl1, they will Ье геасlу fог tl1e 11ext step, peгliaps а 111eeti11g witl1 tl1e .. Мауш. (If sошеоне gets пр at уош fiгst шeetiнg and says, "011, tl1e Мауог is а fiieнd of шiпе; l { can get уоп а 111eeti11g a11yti111e," doн't accept. <; The poi11t is tliat tl1e gгопр пшst feel tliat it col­ ;, lectively wон tl1e шeetiнg Ьесанsе of its stгeнgtl1. �' lf tl1e 111eeti11g сошеs аЬонt Ьесанsе of оне рег­ t( son's регsопаl гelatioпslup, tl1e statшe of tliat •• indiv idнal is bнilt пр, Ьнt tl1e gюпр isн't Sample Goals Column 1. long-Term Goals State bнdget well fн11clecl Ьу а pюgгessive tax systeш. • Fнll t\шcliпg of sclюols Ьу tl1e state. 0 2. l11termediate Goals • Pass tl1e Citize11s' Faiг Тах Рlап. • Wiп sпрршt of key legislative leacleгs fюш tl1e 5th, 7tl1 апсl 14tl1 distгicts, ог clevelop ан aпti-Fair Тах гecoicl foI fнtL1гe гасеs. 3. Short-Term Goals • РнЫiс sнррогt t'юш local officials. • Li11e нр iнf1нe11tial spo11soгs iн Нонsе ашl Seнate Ьу Ap1-il. • 25 cospo11soгs Ьу Jппе 1. stгeнgtl1e11ed. Апсl it is likely tliat 11otl1i11g will соше of tl1e шeetiнg.) Soшetiшes, Ьеfоге уон сап еvеп decide 011 the i11teп11ediate goals, шаге i11foп11atio11 аЬонt а рюЫеш is 11eeded. Tl1e11, slюгt-tегш goals 111igl1t co11sist of шakiнg ан аgенсу coшpile ог гelease iнfoп11atioн. Fог ехашрlе, а citizeп oгgaнizatioп сонсешесl аЬопt сгiше agaiнst seпioгs liacl to шаkе tl1e Police Dерагtшепt keep сгiше statistics Ьу age jпst to рюvе tliat tl1e ргоЫеш existed. Soшetiшes, sl10гt-teп11 goals will Ье electoгal. Fог ехашрlе, а specific регsоп пшst Ье гешоvесl ог шаге fогсеfпl leadeгsblp electecl. Wblle listiпg goals, coпsicleг wliat tl1e cost to tl1e taгget will Ье if' уоп wiн. Wlю will рау? Wl1at is it woгtl1 to sошеоне to defeat уон? Kпowiнg tlris l1elps уоп to get а seпse of lюw 11шсl1 шопеу is likely to Ье speпt 011 clefeatiпg уоп. It also gives уоп а betteг idea of wlю will епd пр as allies ог oppo11e11ts. Wl1e11 уоп аге :fi11isl1ecl listiпg уош goals, l1ave tl1e gюнр рнt tl1e111 шоге ог less iп tl1e огdег in wl1icl1 tl1ey will liave to Ье acl1ievecl. 1. Wi11 геаl i111pгove111e11ts i11 people's lives? 2. Give people а seвse of' tl1eiг ow11 роwег? з. Alteт tl1e тelatio11s of роwет? Wlшt cloes it 111еа11 to wi11? How will уоп ]аюw wl1e11 уоп lшve wo11? Shoгt-Тепп lssue Goals SlюгНеп11 issпe goals аге steps towaгcl уош i11teп11ecliate goals. Уоп cloв't always 11ecessaгily have to lшve sl10гt-teп11 issнe goals, Ьпt i11 Ьig issнe ca111paig11s tl1ey аге пsef'нl f'ог two гeaso11s: Fiгst, f'ew gюнрs аге stювg e11oпgl1 to wi11 а majoг ca111paig11 witlюпt а peгiocl of' bпilcliпg роwег. Tl1ey шпst wi11 tl1e sнррогt of' iпclividнal o:fficials авd iвсгеаsе роwег at local levels of' gоvешшевt. Secoпcl, jпst to sпstai11 уош oгga11i­ zatio11 i11 а 1011g ca111paig11, people пшst see sшall victшies aloпg tl1e way. • SlюгНеп11 issпe goals f'ог tl1e Citize11s' Раiг Тах Pla11 ca111paig11 шight Ье to 0Ьtai11 tl1e e11doгseшe11t of' City Coпвcils ог Сопвtу Coшшissioпs агопвd tl1e state авd to шоvе f'юш theтe to askiвg шешЬегs of' tl1e legislatшe to pledge tlшt tl1ey аgгее i11 pгiвciple witl1 tl1e iclea of' progressive �axatio11 bef'Oie уош Ьill сошеs опt. Ог уоп 111igl1t lшшсl1 а ca111paig11 f'OI tweпty­ five cospo11s0Is f'гош taгgeted clistгicts. Fш а local с01111шшitу Oigaпizatioп woгkiпg 011 а 11eigl1b0Il10od issпe, tl1e sl10гНеп11 issпe goal 111igl1t Ье jпst to get а 111eeti11g witl1 tl1e City Сопвсil шешЬеI. Wl1e11 people see tlшt tl1e шgaпizatioп сап do tlшt 11шсl1, tl1ey will Ье геаdу f'ог the пехt step, регlшрs а шeetiпg witl1 tl1e Мауог. (Н sошеопе gets пр at уош f'iгst шeetiпg ашl says, "011, tl1e Мауог is а f'гieпcl of' 111i11e; 1 сап get уоп а 111eeti11g апуtiше," doп't accept. Tl1e poiвt is tlшt tl1e gгопр пшst f'eel tlшt it col­ lectively wоп tl1e шeetiпg Ьесапsе of' its stгe11gtl1. П tl1e шeetiпg сошеs аЬопt Ьесапsе of' ове peг­ s011's регsоваl гelatio11sl1ip, tl1e statшe of' tlшt iпdividпal is bпilt пр, Ьпt tl1e g1щ1р isп't Sample Goals Column 1. Long-Term Goals • State bпdget well f'ншlecl Ьу а pгogгessive tax systeш. • Рп11 f'нпcliпg of sclюols Ьу tl1e state. 2. l11termediate Goals • Pass the Citize11s' Раiг Тах Рlап. • Wiп sпppOit of' key legislative leadeгs f'гош the 5th, 7tl1 ашl 14tl1 distгicts, ог develop ан aвti-Paiг Тах i-ecoгd f'OI fпtше пtces. 3. Short-Term Goals • РнЫiс sпррогt f'юш local oi'ficials. • Liвe пр i11Лпe11tial spoпsoгs i11 Нопsе авd Seвate Ьу Apгil. • 25 cospoпsoгs Ьу Jпве 1 . stгe11gtl1e11ecl. Ашl it is likely tlшt 11otl1i11g will саше of' tl1e шeetiвg.) Soшetiшes, bef'Oie уоп сап еvеп decicle оп tl1e iпteгшediate goals, шаге i11f'oг111atio11 аЬопt а ргоЫеш is 11eeclecl. Tl1e11, sl10гНеп11 goals 111igl1t coвsist of' шakiпg ан аgевсу coшpile 01' гelease i11f'oп11atio11. Рог ехашрlе, а citize11 0Iga11izatio11 совсешесl аЬонt сгiше agaiвst seвioгs l1ad to шаkе tl1e Police Dерагtшепt keep сгiше statistics Ьу age jпst to ргоvе tlшt tl1e рюЫеш existecl. Soшetiшes, slюгНегш goals will Ье electOial. Рог ехашрlе, а sресШс регsов пшst Ье гешоvеd ог шаге f'oгcef'пl leadeгsl1ip elected. W11ile listiвg goals, coвsideг wlшt tl1e cost to tl1e taгget will Ье if' уоп wiп. Wlю will рау? Wlшt is it woгtl1 to sошеопе to clef'eat уоп? K11owi11g tl1is l1elps уоп to get а seвse of' lюw 111нсl1 111011еу is likely to Ье speвt 011 clef'eatiвg уоп. It also gives уоп а betteг idea of' wlю will епс! пр as allies ог орровепts. Wl1e11 уоп аге f'i11isl1ecl Iistiпg уош goals, lшve tl1e gгопр рпt tl1e111 шаге ог less i11 tl1e Oicleг i11 wl1icl1 tl1ey will lшve to Ье acl1ievec1. Sample Organizational Considerations Column 1. Resources То Pt1t 111 • Salaгies ашl expeвses fог six 111011tl1s = $45,000. Оп lшпсl = $10,000. То гaise = $35,000. • Stal'f Maгy-Leacl Огgапizег, f Llll tiшe Fгecl-Oгgaвizeг, lшlt· tiшe Sаш-Sнрршt StaJI, 1 clay а week Liz-College iвtеш, 1 clay а week Kate-Sllpeгvisoг, 411гs а week ( casl1 valнe of staJI tiшe = $40,000) • Рlюве caпvass. Арргох. 5 caпvasseгs. • 7 Ьоагсl шешЬегs 011 tl1e tax coшшittee. Eacl1 Iepгeseвts ан affiliate шga11izatio11. • Coпш1ittee chaiг. Vегу active. Good spokespeгsoп. • Lobbyist fгош alliecl tшiон. • Тах ехрегt co11t1·ibпted to пs Ьу Citizeнs fOI Тах Neatпess. • Office space апd рlюпеs t'ог all staff (casl1 valпe = $700). • 1 Хегох tlшt WOiks, 1 that sшt ot' woгks. 2 сошрнt­ егs. (cash valпe fог пsе = $200) • Good гelatioвs with pгess. АЬвег Вепу at the Sentinel апd Al Fепнап at tl1e Hemlcl. 2.Wliat We Wa11t to Get 01.1t of Н • Make back all expeлses ($45,000) tl1гoнgh coпtгi­ bнtioвs f"гош aП'iliates авсl сашраigв fн11cl-гaisi11g. • 4 пеw aff'iliates. Most likely clюices аге Сагvег City Тахрауегs Agaiпst Waste, Newtoв ТеасЬегs Local 31О, Associatioп of' Cllilcl Seivice Pгovicleгs, Gotl1a111 City Save Ош Sclюols Coшшittee • Bнilcl а base iв tlle 5tl1, 7tl1, апсl 14tl1 clistгicts. Ргошоtе Geшge, Fгiecla, апd Кiш as гespective spokespeгsoнs. • Develop 15 active volнвteeгs. • Develop ways to activate 15,000 caпvass шешЬегs i11 key clistгicts. 3. ProЫems to Solve • Rivalгy betweeн teacl1eгs' шlioпs шау ешрt. -Meet witl1 theш. Ask tl1e111 to keep tшf figllt опt of it. • Uptowн Seпioгs doн't like Dow11tow11 Seнioгs. -Hold sepai-ate шeetiнgs iп eacl1 со1111шшitу. • Fгed says tlшt Магу wllistles thгoпgl1 Ьег воsе all day анd Ье сав't woгk iп tl1e sаше office witl1 l1ег. -Seek tгеаtшепt fог Fгecl siпce 110 опе else еvег l1eaгs Mm-y clo tllis. Colum11 2: Orga11izatio11al Co11sideratio11s Tllis соlш1111 is esseпtially ап oгgaпizatioвal ехрепsе ашl iпсоше state111e11t. Уон will list wlшt геsошсеs уон lшve to рпt iпto tl1e сашраigп (expeпses), wlшt oгgaпizatioпal gaiпs уоп waпt to саше опt of tl1e сашраigп (iпсоше ), ашl iпtег­ паl ргоЫешs tlшt Ьаvе to Ье solvecl. Stm-t witl1 геsошсеs. Tllis is esseвtially уош сашраigв bпdget. Coпsicleг tl1ese to Ье expeпses OI, betteг yet, iпvestшeпts. Ве vегу sресШс, paг­ ticпlaгly аЬопt staff tiшe апd шопеу. List пашеs. Make sше tlшt tl1e people woildпg 011 уош саш­ раigп аге iп tl1e гоош wl1e11 уоп tallc аЬопt lюw 11шсl1 of tl1eiг tiшe is goiпg iпto tl1e сашраigп. "Fнll tiшe" fOI ехашрlе, шеапs tlшt а регsоп lш� по otl1eг гespoпsiЫlities. Doп't Ье опе ot· tlюse gгопрs wl1eгe tl1e огgапizег wшks "fнll tiшe" 011 eacl1 of five caшpaigпs at овсе. List tl1e ашонпt ot· шопеу уон m-e pпttiпg iпtc tl1e сашраigп апd tl1e ашоппt tlшt пeecls to Ье i-aised. Tl1e11, рпt а faiг шm-ket casl1 valпe оп tl1e iп-ldпd coпtгibпtioпs уоп аге шaldпg, iпclпdiп� staff tiшe, гепt, апd postage. Uпless уон do tllis, уош allies, affiliates, апсl шешЬегs will пеvег lшve апу iclea of tl1e size of уош геаl co11tгibн­ tio11, авсl 11eitl1eг will уон. 111 tl1e secoпcl ршt of tl1e соlш1111, list eveгy­ tblпg tlшt tl1e шga11izatio11 waнts to get онt of tl1e сашраigп, iп aclclitioп to wi1111iнg tl1e issнe. Coпsicleг tl1is iпсоше, ашl рlап to шаkе а "pIOfit" tlшt is to bпilcl уош oгgaпizatioп tlлoпgl1 botl1 iпteшal clevelopшeпt авсl fнпclгaisiпg. Agaiп, tl1e poiпt l1еге is to Ье vегу specific. How шапу пеw affiliates, пеw шешЬегs, ог leacleгs? Nаше tl1e111 if possiЫe. How 11шсl1 111011еу шisecl? Рнt iп ан ашонпt. Do уон waпt шше шeclia гecogпitioп fш уош gгонр? Wl1eгe? How ofteп? Tl1e ршроsе of beiпg specific goes Ьеуовсl settiпg objectives. То геасl1 the objec­ tives, уон will пееd coпespo11di11g tactics апсl soшetiшes coпespo11di11g taгgets апd co11stitнe11-. cies. If оне oгgaпizatioпal objective is to get iпto the пewspapeгs опсе а week fш а 111011tl1, tl1e11 iп tl1e Tactics соlш1111 you will have to рlап to lшve at least опе шedia 11it а week. If the local рарег is stroпgly RернЫiсап апd so is tl1e Маущ tl1eп уош attacks 011 tl1e Мауог шау поt Ье coveгed. Уон will lшve to, fiпd ап additioпal taтget, peг­ haps а City Сонпсil co111111ittee chaiт, iп огdег to шееt tl1e objective of iпcгeased шedia coveшge. If a11otl1eг oгgaпizatioпal objective is to iпсгеаsе Ьу fош tl1e пшnЬег of People of Соlог iп leadeг­ s11ip, tl1e11 шше шgaпizatioпs to wlricl1 People of Соlш beloпg шау пееd to Ье aclded to tl1e Co11stit11e11ts colшm1. All of tl1e соlншпs of tl1e clшi аге wixed togetl1e1· iп tl1ese ways. Tl1e last рагt of tl1is соlнпш lists iпteшal ршЬ­ lешs tlшt will lшve to Ье coпsideгecl ог solved iп tl1e сошsе of tl1e сашраigп. Нещ "iпteшal" iшplies ршЫешs witl1iп уош шgaпizatioп (e.g., staff Iela­ tioпships), ршЫешs witlriп уош coalitioп, авсl ршЫешs witlriп co11stitнe11t шgm1izatio11s. Colt1mп 3: Coпstitueпts, Allies, and Орропепts Constituents and Allies Tl1is соlш1111 is wl1eгe уоп апswег tl1e qнes­ tioпs, wlю сагеs аЬонt tl1is issнe, wlшt clo tl1ey staшl to wiп OI lose, wlшt роwег clo tl1ey lшve, авсl lюw ше tl1ey шgaпizecl? А coпstitнeпcy is а gгонр of people, lюpefнlly alгeacly oгgaпizecl, wlюш уон сап coпtact апсl Ьгiпg iпto tl1e саш­ раigп. Iп fШiпg онt tl1is соlншп, Ье expaпsive, еvеп fш-fetcl1ecl. Tl1e iclea is to соше нр witl1 а loпg list of poteпtial co11stitнe11ts. Dшiпg tl1e ca111paig11 уон шау поt coпtact all of tl1e111, Ьнt уон cm1 соше back to tl1e list lateг н· eveпts bog clowп апсl уон пеесl aclclitioпal sнppOit. Tl1e difteгeпce betweeп constituents апсl allies is tlшt co11stit11e11ts m·e poteпtial шешЬегs of уош 0Iga11izatio11, wlrile allies m·e поt. Stнdeпts 111igl1t Ье allies iп а seпiOI­ led сашраigп fог ШОiе fieqнeпt Ьнs seгvice. Otl1eг se11iOI clнbs woнld Ье coпstitпeпts. Wl1e11 уон stшt clгawiпg нр the list fог tl1e Citizeпs' Faiг Тах Рlап cm11paig11, tl1e fiтst gгонрs tlшt соше to 111i11d m·e pпblic ешрlоуее oгgm1iza­ tio11s. Sоше tахрауег gioнps will Ье vегу Right Wiпg, Ьпt sоше coнld joiп уоп. Clem·ly, oгgmriza­ tioпs tlшt гeceive seгvices ог fппcliпg fIOш the state will also Ье iпteгested iп iшpгoved fнпdiпg. Exaшples iпclнde se1rioгs апd day-cm·e pшvicleгs. Tl1e рIОЬlеш is tlшt iп tl1e face of а gепешl se11ti111e11t iп tl1e state that favoгs sales taxes оvег iпсоше taxes, tlris list is too slюгt. Additioпal coпstitпeпts will Ье lюшеоwпегs ашl ршепts, Ьнt to Ьгiпg theш iп, tl1e goals of the сашраigп will lшve to Ье expaпcled to iпclпcle ргорегtу tax гelief апd sclюol ftшdiпg. (Tllis is апоtl1ег ехашрlе of lюw tl1e cl1m·t is like а сошрпtег spгeadsl1eet. Wl1e11 уоп сlшпgе опе соlпшп, clшпges m·e геqпiгеd iп otl1eгs, Ьнt tl1ey с!оп't lшрреп aнto­ шatically as tl1ey clo iп а spгeadsl1eet.) Tl1e пехt qпestioп is, lюw аге lюшеоwпегs авсl ршепts Sample Constituents, АШеs, and Opponents Column 1. Constituents and Allies • State Теас!1егs Union: 7,000 шешЬегs Local 210 Gotl1a111 City Local 113 Newtoп Local 69 Blltleг Local 666 Sрпуtеп Dпyvil • State Теас!1егs Associatio11: 12,000 шешЬегs List locals • State PL1Ьlic Ешр1оуееs U11io11: 14,000 шешЬегs List locals • State LаЬог Fecleгatioп: 40,000 шешЬегs List active locals апсl labOI cotшcils • Associatio11 of Day Саге Сепtегs: 1,200 шешЬегs • State Sепiог Соппсil: 3,000 шешЬегs Clнbs iп Ршkег (5th Distгict) Gotl1a111 Newton (7tl1 Distгict) Saleш Wiпchesteг (14th Dis1тict) Westcl1esteг • Сонпсil of Ноше Healtl1 Саге Pшvideгs ' • Newtoп Coш1cil of Civic Associatioпs • State Alliaпce of PTAs • Тахрауегs Uпiоп: 2,000 шешЬегs 2. Opponents • С!1ашЬег of Со111111е1-се • Вапkегs Associatioп • Iпsшапсе Iпdнstгy Сонпсil • Jol111s011 Согр. • Тахрауегs Associatioп of HateшaiI • etc., etc. Oigaпized? Сошlо associatioпs, paгticнlaгly tlюse witl1 111а11у seпioгs, coнld Ье ан iшрогtапt coпstitнeпcy апd аге ofteп betteг oгgaпized tl1a11 11eigl1b0Il10od civic associatioпs. Уон woнlcl lшve to Ье sше tl1at уош pгoposecl legislatioп's beпe­ fits fог !юшеоwпегs iпclнded co11do111i11iп111 ow11eгs. PTAs аге tl1e logical place to fiпcl paг­ e11ts, Ьнt lагgег 11ш11Ьегs of рагепts шау Ье fоннd iп гeligioнs co11gгegatio11s. Еvеп if уош oгgaпizatioп l1as iпcliviclнal шешЬегs гаtl1ег tl1at1 beiпg а coalitioп, it is still нsefнl to tl1iпk of people as paгts of gгонрs. Fог ехашрlе, say tl1at уон ше woгldпg 011 а рнЫiс tгa11sp0Itatio11 issнe ашl c1ecic1e tl1at sепiог citi­ zeпs ше а possiЫe co11stitнe11cy. Уон сонlс1 list seпioгs 011 tl1e cl1aгt, Ьнt tl1at woп't tel1 уон Iюw to геас11 theш. Iпsteacl, Ье шоге speci:fic. Say, "Seпioгs wlю гicle tl1e #1 ашl #2 bнses." Tl1at, at least, leacls уон to leafletiпg Ьнs stops 011 tlюse liпes. It woнld Ье 11шсl1 betteг, !юwеvег, to look at tl1e tгaпsit шар ог tl1e Yellow Pages to see wlшt sепiог сепtегs аге seгvecl Ьу tlюse liпes. Doп't oveгlook co11gгegatio11s tl1at 111igl1t !1ave sепiог clнbs. Мшk tl1e111 011 а шар. Рнt tl1e111 011 tl1e cl1ai-t Ьу паше. Go апd visit t11еш. Look fог co11stitнe11cies tl1at ш·е less tl1a11 obvioнs. 011 tl1e tax issнe, гealtOis OI геаl estate associatioпs 111igl1t joiп witl1 уон Ьесанsе valнe is added to the hoнses tl1ey sell if pIOpeгty taxes doп't гise апd tl1e sclюol systeш is goocl. Tl1i11k of eacl1 co11stit11e11t gIOнp as tl1e lшЬ of а wl1eel. Tl1e11 look at tl1e spokes. Wlю сагеs аЬонt iliese people? Wlю does bнsiпess witl1 tl1e111? Wlю pгovides seгvices to tl1e111? Wlю leпds tl1e111 111011еу? Wlю boпows tl1eiг 111011еу (Ьапks, i11sш­ ш1се co111pa11ies)? FOI wlюш do tl1ey vote? If tl1ey lшd шоге шопеу to speпd, wl1eгe woнld tl1ey speпd it? Wlю woнld get it (local 111eгcl1ш1ts OI Swiss baпks)? Wl1at 0Iga11izatio11s OI co11gгega­ tio11s clo tl1ey beloпg to? Looki11g at уош possiЫe co11stitпe11ts iп tl1is way, it is easy to see tl1at tl1e self-iпteгest of опе gшнр affects tl1e se]J-iпteгest of шапу otl1eгs a11d шау сгеаtе still шше co11stit11e11ts fог tl1e сашраigп. Wl1ile it is песеssагу to tl1i11k аЬонt pote11tial агеаs of coпflict betwee11 tl1e gIOнps, гешешЬег tl1at people doп't all l1ave to love eacl1 otl1eг, аgгее 011 tactics, ог eve11 sit i11 tlie sаше гоош i11 огсlег to sнррогt tl1e sаше issнe. 111 fact, soшe­ tiшes tl1e issнe bгi11gs tl1e111 togetl1eг. Tl1is was tlie case i11 tl1e classic ca111paig11 agai11st tl1e Cliicago Cюsstowп Expгessway. Tl1e pгoposecl expгessway IOHte ш11 tЬтонgl1 clif1'ei-eпt etlшic c01ш11шlities. Оне Wllite gгонр саше witl1 sigпs sayi11g "Black Roacls, Wl1ite Li11es U11itecl Agai11st tl1e Cгosstowп." Maik уош list accOicliпg to wl1etl1eг tl1e co11stitнe11cy is oгgaпizecl ог шюгgaпizecl-tlшt is, hошеоwпегs associatio11s iп tl1e Hншbolclt Ратk агеа, as opposecl to iшliviclнal l10111eow11eгs. Tl1e11 шпk tЬе gгонрs acc0Icli11g to tl1e роwег tl1ey bгi11g to tЬе caшpaig11. Co11sicleг tl1e followi11g: • How шапу шешЬегs clo tl1ey lшve? • Dicl tl1ey wOik OI vote fог tl1e i11сш11Ьепt office lюlcleг? • Do tl1ey шаkе political сашраigп coпtгibнtioпs? • Will tЬеу give шопеу to уонг issнe сашраigп? • Do t\1ey bгi11g special cгedibility? (Cleгgy) • Do tl1ey lшve special appeal? (Cliildie11) • Ai:e tl1ey ратt ot· а lагgег oгgaлizecl пetwOik? (Veteпшs) • Do tl1ey lшve а гepпtatio11 fог bei11g toнglI? (U1Iio11s) • Do tl1ey lшve special skills? (Lawyeгs) • Аге tl1ey co11sideтed paгticнlal'ly 11ewsw0Itl1y? (Pe11gпi11s) Last, exa111i11e tl1e wealшesses of eacl1 co11stitнe11cy. Look at tl1eiг гepнtatio11s, past liistoтy, and tl1e e11e111ies tlшt уоп 11Iigl1t i11l1eгit Ьу liпkiпg up witl1 tl1e111. If tl1e taгget is ан electecl official, the11 co11stitпe11ts will lшve vегу little роwег wlю neveг voted fог l1ет a11cl пеvег will. If сопsшпег роwег is to Ье пsecl agaiпst а cOipOiatioп, tl1e11 constitпe11ts пшst Ье снstошегs of tlшt со111ра11у. Opponents List all tl1e gгонрs, iпdividпals, a11d i11stitпtio11s .that staпd to lose от Ье vету нpset if уоп wi11. Wlшt will уош victOiy cost tl1e111? Тту to evalпate lюw actively eacl1 will oppose уон апd wllat tl1ey wШ clo ог spe11cl to defeat уон. Iп а few cases уоп шау fi11d ways to пeпu·alize tl1e111, Ьпt еvеп if уон сан clo 11otlli11g, it is best to lшve sоше iclea of wlшt to expect as tl1e сашраigп нпfolcls. List tl1e роwег of eacl1 орро11епt. I Iow cloes tl1e stгe11gtl1 of уош coп­ stitпeпts stack нр agaiпst tl1e stгeпgtl1 of уонг орропепts i11 tlie eyes of tl1e people wlю сап give уон wlшt уон waпt? Geпeгally avoicl eпgagi11g орропепts сlпгiпg tl1e сашраigп. Tl1ey сап't give уон wl1at уон waпt, ашl уон lшve 110 i11flнe11ce оvег tl1e111 апуwау. Do11't eve11 lюld clebates witl1 tl1e111 tшless уон expect to wiп оvег lагgег ш1шЬегs of tl1eiт base. Iп шost caшpaig11s, уош oppo11e11ts lшve уон oнtspe11t ашl oнtsta1'1'ecl; speшli11g tiшe 011 tЬеш jпst cliveтts уон fгош tlie геаl taгgets. Tliis is 11ot to say tlшt oppo11e11ts clo11't шаttег OI tЬat we slюнlcl 11ot Ье со11сешесl аЬопt tl1eiг stгe11gtl1, 011ly tlшt cl1alle11gi11g tl1eш cliгectly сан Ье а divei-sio11. Column 4: Decision Makers (Тargets) Ргiтагу Decision Makeгs Tl1e регsо11 witl1 tl1e роwег to give уон wlшt уон wa11t is ofteп геfепеd to as tl1e "taгget" of tl1e caшpaig11. Tliis cloes 11ot 11ecessaгily iшply tlшt tl1e регsоп is evil. It siшply шеапs tlшt Ьу viгtпe of l1avi11g tl1e роwет to give уон wlшt уоп waпt, tlшt регsоп is tl1e focнs of tl1e ca111paig11. Sоше gгопрs 1леfег to say "decisio11 шаkег." Tl1e clecisioп шаkег is always а регsоп. "Peгsoпalize tl1e taгget" is а fнпdашепtаl гнlе of Oigmiiziпg. Еvеп if tl1e роwег to give уон wlшt уоп waпt is actпally l1elcl Ьу m1 i11stitпtioп sпcl1 as а City Сонпсil, а bom·cl of' diгectoгs, tl1e legislatшe, tl1e Police Dерагtшепt, от tl1e Епviгошпепtаl PIOtectioп Аgепсу (ЕРА), peтsoпalize it. Fiшl онt tl1e паше of' tl1e регsоп(s) wlю сап шаkе tl1e deci­ sioп ог at least stI·oпgly i11flнeпce it. Make tlшt регsо11 tl1e tm·get. Not опlу does tliis l1elp to 11апоw tl1e focнs ot· tl1e сашраigп, Ьпt it шakes уош Sample Targets Column 1. Primary Targets • • • • • Goveгnoг Wi11thгop Нопsе Тах Coшшittee Cl1aii- Rep. Басон (5tl1 Distгict) Seпate Coшшittee Chaiг Rep. Lax Coшшittee шешЬегs, to Ье cleteгшi11ecl Otl1eг legisJatoгs, to Ье cleteшu11ecl 2. Secondary Targets • G. Gi-oggy-Uпioп Соннtу Dеш. Cl1aiп11a11iпc]щles 14th Dist. • R. Wateпlown-Keпt Соннtу Dеш. Cl1aiгшa11iпclшles 7t!1 Dist. • Selectecl сашраigп contгibнtшs to iпdividнals listed above • Соппtу C01шnissio11eгs iп tl1e coнпties co11taiпi11g tш·­ get distгicts шешЬегs feel tlшt wi1111i11g is possiЫe. А ca111paig11 to cl1aпge а регsоп's 111i11cl is 111нсl1 шоге believaЫe tl1ш1 опе to cl1ш1ge tl1e policy of а Ыg i11stitнtio11. 111 aclditioп, iпdividнal decisioп шаk:егs lшve lшшап гespoпses sнcl1 as faiшess, gнilt, fеш, шnЫ­ tiоп, vш1ity, ш loyalty. Tl1ese do 11ot exist iп iпstitнtioпs ог foпnal bodies as а wlюle. Sнcl1 гespoпses сап опlу соше iпto play if уон peгsoпal­ ize tl1e taгget. WI1e11 filliпg онt tllis соlшш1, list all tl1e possi­ Ыe people wlю сап give уон wlшt уон waпt. Тгу to iпclнde шше tlшп опе of tl1e111 Ьесанsе wl1eгe роwег is divided, нsнally шоге weak spots апd opeпiпgs exist. Also, шнltiple tшgets pIOvide ан oppoгtшlity to sпstaiп tl1e сашраigп оvег а lопgег tiшe. Tbls allows уон to bнild stгeпgtl1. lп шапу types of cш11paig11s, tiшe is 011 уош side if уоп сап lюlcl онt. Tbls is paгticнlшly tше if уон ш·е tгyiпg to stop expeпsive stшctшes fюш beiпg bнilt ог lat"ge sшнs of шопеу fюш beiпg speпt. А loпg сашраigп шау also l1elp уон to keep tl1e issнe alive 1111til ап electio11 i11teгve11es ог а сонгt clecisioп is lшпded dowп. List tЪе геаsопs tlшt eacl1 tat"get 1· to oppose уон as well as to аgгее witl1 уон. L уош роwег оvег eacl1 tш·get. Go back to tl1e се stitнeпcy list ашl coпsicleг lюw to 111atcl1 tl1e pov, of eacl1 coпstitнeпcy agaiпst tl1e vнlпeшbilities tl1e taгgets. lп caшpaigпs aiшecl at legislatшs, tl1i1 аЬонt wlю аге tl1e pIO апсl aпti swiпg vote1 Soшetiшes it is sнfficieпt to wi11 оvег tl1e swii voteis if tl1ey гергеsепt tl1e Ьаlапсе 01' роwег. tl1at case, уон cloп't l1ave to геасl1 еvегуопе. Sесопс/агу Ta1gets А sесощlагу tшget is а регsоп wlю lшs 1110 роwег оvег tl1e ргiшш-у clecisio11 шаk:ег tlшп ус clo Ьнt wlюш уон l1ave шоге роwег оvег tl1a11 ус lшve оvег tl1e ргiшшу clecisio11 шаkег. Тепапts iп рнЫiс l10нsi11g waпtecl tl1eiг bнilc iпgs paiпted. Tl1e teпaпts шаdе seveшl 111ешЬе1 of tl1e City Hoпsiпg Aпtl1oгity tl1eiг ргiшш·у tai gets. Wl1e11 tl1e te11a11ts discoveгed that old lea paiпt was peeliпg off tl1e walls, iliey шасlе tl1 l1ead of tl1e Healtl1 Dершtшепt а seco11dat"y tш get. Sl1e didп't саге аЬонt tl1e te11a11ts' dispпt with tlle Hoнsiпg Aпtlюгity, Ьнt lead was а l1ealt l1azшd tlшt had to Ье coпected. Sl1e told tl1 Hoпsiпg Aпtlюгity that the walls пшst Ье sсгаре1 апсl гepaiпtecl. Whe11 уон list sесопdшу taгgets, wгite dow1 wlшt роwег уон l1ave оvег tl1e111 апd wl1at powe tl1ey lшve оvег tl1e ргiшшу taгget. 111 tl1e Faiг Тах ca111paig11, tl1e tш·gets ал cleteпniпecl Ьу ан aпalysis of tl1e legislatшe Cleшly, tl1e Gоvепюг will Ье а tш·get, as will tl1, heads oi' key coшшittees. Опсе tl1e legislatio11 ii iпtюdнced апd а l1ead cotшt takeп of c011111litte<: шешЬегs апd tl1e legislatнгe as а wlюle, specific шешЬегs will Ье tш·getecl as well. Sесопсlагу taI­ gets fш tl1is сашраigп 11ligl1t iпclшle officials sпcl1 as сонпtу clшiгs 01' tl1e Deшocгatic апd RернЫiсап pш·ties, loweг-level elected ofticials, сашраigв co11tгibнtoгs, ог vоlнвtеег cooгdiвa­ toгs, pгoviclecl tl1ey eitl1eг аgгее witl1 уон ог уон Iшve sоше роwег оvег tl1e taгget. WI1e11 cleali11g witl1 coгpoгatio11s, а laгge рш­ сlшsег сап Ье а goocl sесошlагу taгget. Look to see if tl1e согрогаtiо11 lшs gоvешшепt coпti·acts. П so, tl1e рнЫiс officials wl10 сап ешl tl1e coв­ tгacts Ьесоше sесовdагу tш-gets. Уон шау воt веесl to lшve а sесовdагу taгget if уон lшve роwег оvег tl1e ргiшагу ове. Column 5: Tactics Tactics аге steps iп сапуiвg онt уош oveгall рlап. Tl1ey аге tl1e specific tl1i11gs tlшt tl1e people iп tlie Co11stitнe11cy соlш1111 clo to tl1e people i11 tl1e Tш·gets соlш1111 to рнt ргеssше 011 tl1e111. Wl1e11 уон list tactics, wгite clow11 wl10 will clo wlшt апсl to wl10111. Tl1e Tactics соlш1111 is always :filled онt last to avoicl tl1e со111111011 tепdепсу to jншр to tactics as s0011 as tl1e issпe is chose11. ("Let's all go to Мауог Gold's o:ffice witl1 а goldfisl1 апсl а sig11 that says 'AII tlшt glitteгs is 11ot Gold."') Tactics slюнlcl 11еvег Ье pla1111ecl i11 isolatio11 fгош tl1e lагgег stгategy of w11icl1 tl1ey 11шst Ье а рагt. О11е statewide l1ealtl1caгe advocacy gгонр lleш·d tlшt its соп11tеграгt i11 a11otl1eг state Iшcl l1eld а vегу sпccessfнl statewide lobby day tlшt l1elpecl to pass а piece of legislatio11. Т!1е gгонр decicled tllat it too slюпld lюst а lobby day, Ьнt wl1e11 tl1e tiшe саше it lшd по bill to sнрротt апсl 11otl1i11g to advocate fOI. А lobby clay witlюнt а bill is а clas­ sic ехашрlе of а tactic witlюнt а stгategy. Рог еvегу tactic, tl1eгe пшst Ье • Sошеопе wl10 cloes it. • Sошеопе to wl10111 it is dопе. • Sоше геаsоп wl1y tl1e регsоп to wl10111 it is сlопе cloesп't waпt it сlопе апсl will шаlсе а coпcessioп to уоп if уон stop doiпg it. Sample Tactics Column (Listecl шаге OI less iп tl1e огсlег iп wl1ich tl1ey шigl1t actнally Ье пsecl) 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Meclia llits. Featшe Lшjнst tax clistгibпtioп betweeв l10111eow11eгs ашl EXXON гefiнery. Маге шeclia llits. Spot]igl1t eclпcatioп cпts. Kicls соше wit]1 syшbols of CLit ргоgгашs, e.g., spoгts еqпiршепt, пшsical i11stгш11e11ts. Do sаше clay iв fош· cities with teacl1eг oгgaпizatioпs ашl PTAs. Make tllis ап issнe iп tl1e пехt gпbeшatoгial ргiшагу. Staгt postcai-cl сашраigп fог faiг taxes. "Dеаг Gov., Wl1e11 шу iпсоше goes оvег $200,000, I will l1appily рау l1igheг taxes if уон евасt tlieш 110w." Meclia l1it iп capital to гelease detailecl Faiг Тах Рlав. Spoпsoгs апd cospoпsors 011 lшпd. Caпvasseгs stш·t petitioп drive iп tш·getecl clistricts. Meclia llits iп tш-getecl distгicts to ашюнпсе fогшаtiоп of distгict Faiг Тах coшшittees to рнt legislatнгe 011 tl1e spot. Show petitioпs. Delegatioп шeetiпgs to get positioп of tш·geted legis­ latoгs. Local !1eaгi11gs. Eitl1eг spoпsoгs lюlcl theш officially ог we lюlcl tl1e111. Аiш fог 11igl1 tппюнt. Additioпal clelegatioп 111eeti11gs iп taгget clistгict. Seгvice pгovideIS, seпioгs, clieпts of pгogi-aшs аге iпclнded. Save ош school. Rallies апсl picпics. Fнпcl-i-aiseг. ТУ debate betweeп ош leadeг апd legislative орропепts. Тах bill Ьшпiпg day wheп tax bills ш·е seпt опt. Accoнпtabllity sessioпs iп tш·getecl distгicts, paгticп­ laгly tl1e 5tl1, 7tl1, ашl 14tl1 clistгicts. Mass lobby day iп capital wheп bill сошеs пр fог vote. Gоvешог iпvited to speak f"ог tl1e Ьill. Ешрtу сlшiг if l1e doesп't. Iпvite poteпtial oppo11e11ts. Tactics slюпlcl Ье tiш. Tl1ey shoпld Ье witl1i11 tl1e ехрегiепсе of уош шешЬегs Ьнt oпtsicle tl1e ехрегiе11се of уош taгgets. Еvегу tactic l1as ап еlешепt of роwег bel1i11cl it. Nопе slюнlcl Ье ршеlу syшbolic. DiJ'fei-eпt tactics геqпiге diffeг­ eпt levels of oгga11izatio11al stгe11gtl1 a11cl sopl1isticatio11 to пsе. Рог tl1at геаsо11, sоше wшk betteг at tl1e begi1111i11g of а ca111paig11 ашl sоше сап Ье пsecl опlу lateг, afteг а сегtаiп level of stгe11gtl1 is гeacl1ecl. Notes on Тactics Media Events Meclia eve11ts m·e clesig11ecl to get pгess апсl TV coveгage. As sta11d-alo11e eveпts, tl1ey аге нsнally пsecl at the staгt of tl1e ca111paig11 to clгaш­ atize tl1e 1ssпe апсl аш10п11се tl1at tl1e шga11izatio11 is woгkiпg 011 it. Lateг i11 tl1e ca111paig11, tl1e шedia will Ье пsed iп co11jп11ctio11 wit11 otheг tactics. А шedia eve11t шig11t coпsist of гeleasi11g i11fогшаtiо11 ш а stшly, cle111a11di11g i11fш111atio11, l1avi11g victiшs tel1 tl1eiг stшies, апd шakiпg deшaпds 011 tl1e taгget. Fш the Faiг Тах Ca111paig11, а11 ope11i11g шedia eve11t 111igl1t Ье held iп fгo11t of ршрегtу ow11ed Ьу а laгge согршаtiо11. The peгce11tage of iпсоше paid iп taxes Ьу tl1e сшрогаtiоп coпld Ье coп­ trasted to tl1at paid Ьу пеатЬу l10111eow11eIS, wl10 woпld Ьгiпg Ьig e11laгge111e11ts of tl1eiг tax Ьills to display to tl1e 1лess. Tl1e шedia eveпt slюпld 11ot siшply Ье ап atteшpt to edпcate tl1e рпЫiс. RешешЬег, it is а tactic a11d tactics аге dопе to sошеопе. If tl1e legislatoгs iп wlюse distгict tl1e согрогаtiоп is locatecl doп't sпррогt tl1e Faiг Тах Bill, шаkе tl1at рагt of tl1e шedia l1it. If tl1e сог­ рогаtiоп gave tl1e111 сашраigп co11tгibпtio11s, tl1at is also пews. Tl1e pгess пsпally гespoшls well to s0111etl1i11g visнal a11d fшшу ш clгaшatic. О11е citize11 oгga11izatio11 wa11tecl to dгaшatize tl1at tl1e гisiпg cost of апtо i11sшa11ce was foгci11g people to clюose betweeп payiпg fш tl1eiг l10111es ог theiг сагs. Tl1e gшпр bпilt а lюше iпside а cm· witl1 tl1e toilet in tl1e tпшk. Tl1e pгess lovecl it. If tl1e шeclia eve11t featшes gгопрs sпcl1 as low­ i11co111e people, tl1e lюшeless, tl1e tшeшployecl, О!' stгild11g woilceгs, Ье sше tlшt tl1ey ате pгeseпtecl witl1 clig11ity ашl as wlюle people asld11g fш tЬе sm11e гigl1ts tlшt otl1eгs епjоу. Tl1ey а:ге 11ot objects of pity, 11ш m·e tl1ey loold11g fш а lш11cloпt. Actio11s Actio11s аге а paгticпlaгly пsefнl tactic fог local шga11izatio11s, especially towaгcl tl1e staгt of а ca111paig11. 111 ап actioп, а gюпр of people co11fю11t а taгget апсl шаkе specif'ic cleшaпds. Tl1ey expect to get ап a11sweг 011 tl1e spot. Oгga11izatio11s пsпally staгt witl1 ргосесlшаl cleшaшls sпcl1 as askiпg fог ап appoi11t111e11t witl1 sошеопе ог tl1at а l1em-i11g Ье l1eld. Tl1ey also 111igl1t ask fш tl1e гelease of i11foг111atio11, tl1e pпb­ licatioп of гпlеs, ог tiшe 011 tl1e age11da. Lateг, whe11 tl1e gшнр is stшпgeI, actioпs 111igl1t Ье пsed to wiп sоше of its 111ai11 deшaшls. Actioпs ofteп iпvolve tl1e шeclia, Ьнt they аге 11ot шedia eveпts. That is, the objective is 11ot siшply to get coveгed i11 the шedia Ьнt to пsе additio11al роwег to wiп s0111etlri11g. Tl1e шga11i­ zatio11's роwег шау Ье tl1e 11ш11Ьег of paгticipaпts Ol' tl1e size of tl1e co11stitнe11cy they гергеsепt, tl1eiг aЬility to eшbmтass tl1e taгget witl1 i11fш111atio11 tl1ey l1ave tшcoveгed, ог tl1eiI aЬility to сапsе tl1e taгget political l1аг111 if tl1e tm·get is а рпЫiс official, ог fi11a11cial l1m-ш if а bнsiпess. PuЬlic Hearings Уоп 111igl1t de111a11d tl1at tl1e tm·get lюld а11 offi­ cial рпЫiс l1eaгi11g, Ьпt co11sideг lюldiпg уош оwп l1em·i11g iп wlricl1 а pa11el of со1111шшitу leadeгs a11d alliecl political leacleгs liste11s to tes­ ti111011y fюш уош co11stitпe11cy. Ofteп а герогt is issпed. Tl1e l1eaгi11g seгves to edпcate, get pпЫic­ ity, рпt oppo11e11ts 011 tl1e spot, апсl estaЫisl1 уош oгga11izatio11 as а leadi11g fшсе 011 tl1e issпe. Accotшtabllity Sessions AccoппtaЬility sessioпs аге laгge шeetiпgs witl1 electecl oШcials. Tl1ey аге spoпsoгecl Ьу уоп апсl l1elcl оп уош tшf. Seveгal lшпсlгесl people соше to tel1 tl1e o1'1'icial wl1at tl1ey waпt сlопе. Tl1e oйicial is askecl to геsропсl at опсе. Elections Depeпcliпg оп wl1at type of' oгgaпizatioп уоп аге, уоп шау actпally eпclOise caпdiclates. Еvеп if уоп cloп't, уоп пsпally have шаге levei-age iп the weeks Ьеf'оге ан electioп Ьесапsе caпcliclates are шоге vпlпешЫе tl1e11. Issнe caшpaigпs пsпally епd iп sоше f'огш of' negotiatioп. Уоп шпst l1ave slюwп сопsidешЫе poweI to get tl1e otl1eг sicle to agiee to talk. If' уош taгget он·егs to пegotiate too easily oI too­ s0011, watcl1 опt! It шау Ье а clevice to шаkе tl1e otheг side look геаsопаЫе witlюпt апу seiioпs coпcessioпs beiпg шасlе. (Внt doп't aпtoшati­ assпшe tl1at еvегу o1'fег is sоше kiпd of Sоше gгопрs "s11atcl1 def'eat опt of' tl1e jaws victoгy" Ьесапsе tl1ey сап пeveI believe that they actнally wo11.) The пехt cl1apteI explOies sоше of' tl1ese апd otheг tactics iп gieateг detail. Using the Chart Tl1e stгategy сlштt сап Ье пsed to рlап oгga11i­ zatio11al clevelopшeпt as well as issпe caшpaigпs. The stru:tiпg poiпt iп tl1e cl1aгt is deteп11i11ed Ьу the type of рlаппiпg уон ате doiпg. Fог ехашрlе, to рlап ап issпe сашраigп, woгk f'Ioш lef't to right. То рlап tl1e staгt-нp of' а пеw Oigaпizatioп, say, а пеw se11iOI citizeп coalitioн, begiп at tl1e loweг l1alf' of tl1e Oгgaпizatioпal Coнsidei-atioпs .columп. Wгite clowп lюw шану sепiог clнbs уон Wa11t to l1ave affiliatecl апсl specific goals to шаkе .the coalitioп cliveгse апсl i11cl11sive. Tl1e11, skip to tl1e Coпstitнeпts соl1ш111 ансl list all tl1e existiпg clпbs tl1at coнlcl poteпtially joiп tl1e coalitioн. Note tl1e etlшic cl1aracteгistics of' eacl1. Next, go back to tl1e Goals соlш1111 апсl witl1 tl1e objective of' cliveisity iп шiпсl, clecicle wl1at issпes woнlcl appeal to tl1e clнbs. Fгош theгe, go to tl1e Taгgets апсl tl1e11 to tl1e Tactics colш1111s. Опе геаsоп tl1at tlle сlшгt woгks iп so шапу ways is tl1at ап oгgaпizatioп is liteгally tl1e pIOcl­ пct 01' wl1at it cloes. Овсе уон аге сlеат оп wl1at уоп waпt уош oгgaпizatioп to Ье, уон сап woгk backwaгcl towaпl sl1api11g tl1e gгонр iп tl1e clesiгecl cliгectioп. Ан ехашрlе 01' а coшplete stгategy сlшгt tl1at slюws all f'ive 01' tl1e saшple соlншпs pгeseпtecl еагliег 1'ог tl1e tax сашраigп appeais at tl1e епсl 01' tl1is сlшрtег. The two questions most frequently asked about the strategy chart: Question: Iп wl1ic11 соlш1111 do I рнt ап activity s11cl1 as gettiпg шаге pпЫicity 1'01· шу oгgaпiza­ tioп? Is tl1at а Goal, ап OIgaпizatioпal Coпsidei-atioп, ог а Tactic? Ansvveг: Notlliпg goes iн tl1e Goals соlпшп 1шless уоп iпteпd to wiп it f'гош sошеопе. Tactics аге always dопе Ьу sошеопе to sошеопе, so а шedia eveпt aiшed at а taгget goes ппdег Tactics. Gettiпg pнЫicity iп gепегаl is ап Oгgaпizatioнal Co11sidei-atio11. Question: Exactly wlшt is tl1e гelatioпsllip betweeп tl1e colп11111s 01' tl1e cl1ait? Ansvveг: Tactics аге wlшt people iп tl1e Coпstitнeпcy соlш1111 clo to tl1e people i11 tl1e Taтgets соlшш1 to шаkе tl1e111 give tl1e oгgaпiza­ tioп tl1e tl1i11gs iп tl1e Goals соlш1111 so as to bнild tl1e oгgaпizatioп as oпtliпed iп tl1e Oгgaпizatioпal Coпsideгatioпs соlшпп. sioп, wl1e11 шешЬегs of Coпgгess апсl tl1e legisla­ tшe ате lюше fOI гecess, апсl wl1e11 шаjог civil, гeligioпs, ашl sclюol lюliclays осспг. Tiшeliпes also l1elp уоп soгt tlлoпgl1 too шапу goocl icleas. Tl1e fiгst tactics list tl1at шost gгопрs cieate is а Ьгаiпstогш list witl1 little гelatioпsllip to а gгопр's liшitecl геsопгсеs. А tiшeliпe tliat iпclпcles "wlю will clo wliat Ьу wl1e11" l1elps tЬе gшпр Ье шаге гealistic аЬопt wliat it сап clo. Уоп 111igl1t waпt to clevelop а пшltitieгecl tiшe­ liпe, wl1icl1 сап l1elp iп pla1111i11g activities tl1at bпilcl 011 s0111etl1i11g alгeacly scl1eclпlecl ог iшlicate wlieгe too 11шсl1 is goiпg 011 at опе tiшe апd soшetlliпg пeecls to Ье гescl1edпlecl. Ан ехашрlе of sпcl1 а tiшeliпe is as follows: Тimelines То fi11isl1 tl1e рlаппiпg pшcess, шаkе tiшe­ liпes fог tl1e сашраigп. Iпclпcle all tl1e шаjш сашраigп eveпts ансl cleaclliпes f ог ргератiпg tl1e pпЫicity fOI eacl1. Ве sнге to iпclпcle tl1e key clates iп tl1e electoшl pгocess. Еvеп if уоп аге поt iпvolvecl witl1 caнcliclates, поtе iпf'огшаtiоп sпcl1 as wl1e11 voteг гegistгatioп staгts ашl eпcls, wl1e11 пошiпаtiпg petitioпs staгt ciгctllatiпg, wl1e11 peti­ tioпs шпst Ье filecl fш шajOI рагtу caнcliclates ансl iпclepeшleпts, wl1e11 caпcliclate ftшdгaisiпg гершts шпst Ье filecl (уоп шау waпt to look at tl1eш), ашl of сошsе, all electioп clates. Also поtе wl1e11 арргоргiаtе legislative boclies ате iп sesJап Oгgaпizatioп City Coшicil State Leg. Coпgгess Electioпs Fш1cl1·aisiпg Feb Маг Арг Мау Jш1е JL1ly AL1g Sep Oct Nov Dec Midwest Academy Strategy Chart for "Fair Тах Campaign" Goals Organizational Considerations 2. What We Want to Get Outl 1. Resources to put in 1. long-Term Goals • State budget well funded Ьу а Salaries and expenses for six of lt progressive tax system. months = $45,000. On hand Make back а11 expenses = $10,000. То raise = ($45,000) tl1rough contribu­ Full funding of schools Ьу tions from affiliates and $35,000. the state. Staff campaign fund-raising. 2. lntermediate Goals Mary-Lead Organizer, full 4 new af[J.!iates. Most likely • Pass the Citizens'Fair Тах choices are Carver City time Plan. Taxpayers Against Waste, Fred-Organizer, half time Win support of key legisla­ Newton Teachers Local 31О, Sam-Support Staff, 1 day а tive leaders from the 5th, 7th Association of Child Service week and 14th districts, or develop Providers, Gotham City Save Liz-College intem, 1 day а an anti-Fair Тах record for week Our Schools Committee future races. Build а base in the 5th, 7th, Kate-Supervisor, 4 l1rs а 3. Short-Term Goals and 14th districts. Promote week Public support from local George,Frieda, and Кim as (cash value of staff time = officials. respective spokespersons. $40,000) Line up influential sponsors • Develop 15 active volunteers. in House and Senate Ьу Develop ways to activate Phone canvass. Approx. 5 April. 15,000 canvass members in canvassers. 25 cosponsors Ьу June 1. key districts. 7 board members on the tax committee. Each represents an affiliate organization. 3. ProЫems to Solve Committee chair. Very active. Rivalry between teachers' unions may erupt. Good spokesperson -Meet with them. Ask them Lobbyist from allied union to keep turf fight out of it. • Тах expert contributed to us Uptown Seniors don't like Ьу Citizens for Тах Neatness. Downtown Seniors. Office space and phones for -Hold separate meetings in а11 staff (cash value = $700). 1 Xerox that \Vorks, 1 that each community. sort of \vorks. 2 computers. Fred says that Магу wlustles through her nose all day and (cas/1 value for use = $200) Good relations wit/1 press. he can't \Vork in the same Abner Berry at the Sentinel office with her. and А!Ferman at the Herald. -Seek treattnent forFred since no one else ever hears Магу do tlus. Constituents, Allies, and Opponents 1. Constituents and Allies • State Teachers Union: 7,000 members Local 210 Gotham City Local 113 Newton Local 69 В utler Local 666 Spuyten Duyvil State Teachers Association: 12,000 members List locals State PuЫic Employees Union: 14,000 members List locals State LaborFederation: 40,000 members List active locals and labor councils Association of Day Саге Centers: 1,200 members State Senior Coцncil: 3,000 members Clubs in Parker (5th District) Gotham Newton (7th District) Salem Winchester (14tl1 District) Westchester Council of Ноте Health Саге Providers Newton Council of Civic Associations State Alliance of РТАs • Taxpayers Union: 2,000 members 2. Opponents Chamber of Commerce Bankers Association • Insurance Industry Council Johnson Corp. Taxpayers Association of Hatemail Targets Tactics (Listed more or less in the order in which they 1. Primary Targets might actually Ье used) Govemor Wmthrop House Тюс Committee Chair Media hits.Feature unjust tax distribution Rep. Bacon (5th District) between homeo\\'llers and EX.XON refinery. • Senate Committee Chair Rep. More media hits. Spotlight education cuts. Lax Кids соте \\•ith symbols of cut programs, Committee members, to Ье e.g., sports equipment, musical instruments. Do same day in four cities with teacher determined organizations and PTAs. • Other legislators, to Ье deter­ Make this an issue in the next gubematorial mined primary. Start postcard campaign for fair taxes. 2. Secondary Тargets "Dear Gov., When my income goes over • G. Groggy-Union County $200,000, I will happily рау higher raxes if Dem. Chairman-includes you enact them no\v." 14th Dist. • Media hit in capital to release detailedFair Тах Plan. Sponsors and cosponsors on hand. R. Waterdo,vn-Kent County • Canvassers start petition drive in targeted Dem. Chairman-includes districts. 7th Dist. Media hits in targeted districts to announce Selected campaign contribu­ formation of districtFair Тах committees to tors to individuals listed put legislature on the spot. Show petitions. above Delegation meetings to get position of tar­ County Commissioners in the geted legislators. counties containing target Local hearings. Either sponsors hold them officially or \Ve hold them. Ain1 for high districts tumout. • Additional delegation meetings in target district Service providers, seniors, clients of programs are included. Save our school. Rallies and picnics.Fund­ raiser. ТV debate between our leader and legisla­ tive opponents. • Тах bill burning day when tax bills are sent out. Accountability sessions in targeted districts, particularly the 5th, 7th, and 14th districts. Mass !оЬЬу day in capital when bill comes up for vote. Govemor invited to spealc for the bill. Empty chair if he doesn't. Invite potential opponents. 1 rl� Midwest Academy Strategy Chart Afteг choosing уоuг issue, fill in this cl1a.1i as а guide to developing stгategy. Ве specific. List all the possibilities. Goals l . List the long-teпn objec­ tives of your campaign. 2. State the i11teп11ediate goals for tl1is issпe caшpaign. What constit11tes victory? Нои, ivill tl1e campaign • Wiп сопсгеtе iшproveшeпt iп people's lives? • Give people а seпse of tl1eiг оwп power? • Alteг tЬе гelations of power? 3. Wl1at slюгt-tегш ог pariial victoгies сап уоп wiп as steps to\vard your lопg-tегш goal? Organizational Constituents, Allies, and Considerations Opponents 1. List tЬе гesources tl1at your oгgaпizatioп briпgs to tЬе сашраigп. Iпclпde шопеу, ппшЬег of staff, facilities, гер­ пtаtiоп, caпvass, etc. 1. Who car·es аЬопt tms issпe епопgЬ to joiп iп or l1elp tЬе oгgaпizatioп? What is tl1e bпdget, inclнdiпg i11-ki11d coпt1ibпtio11s, for iliis сашраigп? 2. List the specific ways iп wl1icl1 уоп \Vaпt your orgaпi­ zatioп to Ье stгe11gtl1e11ed Ьу tbls campaigп. Fill iп ш1111Ьегs fог each: Expand leadeгsЬip gгопр • Incгease experieпce of existiпg leadeгsmp • Bпild шешЬегshiр base • Ехрапd into new coп­ stitпeпcies • Raise шоrе шоnеу 3. List iпteшal ршЫешs tl1at l1ave to Ье consideгed if tЬе carnpaigп is to sпcceed. • Wlюse рrоЫеш is it? • WЬat do tl1ey gaiп if they wiп? • Wl1at risks щ-е tЬеу takiпg? • Wl1at power do tl1ey have over tЬе tar-get? • Iпto \VЬat gгопрs ar·e tl1ey organized? 2. Wlю ar·e your орропепts? • What \Vill уош victoгy cost tЬеш? • Wl1at will iliey do/speпd to oppose уоп? • Ho\v stгoпg ar·e tЬеу? Targets 1. Ргiшаrу Tar-gets А tar·get is always а persoп. It is пеvег an iпstitпtion or elected body. • Wlю Ьаs ilie power to give уон \Vhat уоп want? • \\1Jшt power do уоп have оУег tl1e111? 2. Secondary Tar-gets • Who Ьаs роwег over the people ,viili tЬе po,ver to give уон \vЬat уон waпt? • What power do уоп have оУег tЬеш? Tactics For eacl1 tar-get. list tЬе tactics tЬat еасЬ constitпent gгопр сап best нsе to шаkе its power felt. Tactics шпst Ье • • • • Iп context. FlexiЫe апd creative. Directed at а specific tar-get. Make seпse to ilie шешЬеrsЬiр. • Ве backed пр Ьу а specific fоп11 of po\ver. Tactics inclпde Media events • Actioпs for iпfошыtiоп and deшands • РпЫiс Ьeariпgs • Stiikes Voter.registгatioп and voter edпcatioп • La\vsнits • AccoппtaЬility sessions • Elections • N egotiations