The French and Indian War: A Study Guide

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Why was it called the French and Indian War?  Because the British and their American allies were fighting against the French and their Indian allies. How long was the French and Indian War in the Colonies?  It lasted nine years in the colonies What was the war called that was going on in England as a result of the French and Indian War in the Colonies?  It was called the 7 years war  It lasted about 7 years in Europe as opposed to the 9 in the colonies What was the main cause of the French and Indian War?  A rivalry between the French and the British over control of land in North America What area did the French and English both claim was theirs?  The Ohio River Valley What was the “Albany Plan of Union” and whose idea was it?  A plan drawn up by Benjamin Franklin  Called for a grand council of delegates form each colony, all elected by colonial legislatures, to unite and form a permanent union of the colonies.  The council was to be headed by a delegate appointed by the king. (to avoid multiple governors) Where was the most impressive French victory at the beginning of the war?  Fort Necessity, in Western Pennsylvania  July 9, 1755  The French and Native Americans took the British and the Colonist by surprise What is the definition of a militia?  Militia – Armed citizens who serve as soldiers in an emergency What advantage did the French have with their style of combat?  They hid behind rocks and trees and used the land and the element of surprise  The British were used to fighting in open spaces in straight lines at organized battles Name 2 famous Americans who survived the worst of the British defeats.  Daniel Boone, a famous frontiers man  George Washington, Revolutionary War hero and first president of the United States Who became Britain’s Prime Minister in 1757?  William Pitt, Pittsburgh was named after this Prime Minister after the French and Indian War What is the definition of Prime Minister?  Prime Minister- the highest official in a parliamentary government When the British started to win battles which Indian tribe united with them  The Iroquois, they had been playing each side against one another and waiting for an opportunity to choose the winning side What was the capital of New France?  The capital of New France was Quebec  New France is the present day country of Canada What is the definition of siege?  Siege – an enemy force is surrounded, trapped, and without access to fresh supplies Who was the general that commanded the British troops in their siege of Quebec?  General James Wolfe, took siege of Quebec in September 12, 1759  After the siege of Quebec the French surrendered to the British What was the Treaty of Paris and what were the conditions outlined in the treaty? Treaty of Paris (1763) ended the French and Indian War in America and the Seven Years War in Europe France turned present day Canada over to the British and surrendered all lands east of the Mississippi to the British The French were able to keep New Orleans because the had given it to Spain earlier The British returned Cuba to Spain in exchange for Florida When was the Treaty of Paris signed?  1763 How did the American Colonists feel about the French and Indian War?  They were worried because they actually saw for themselves how weak the British were  Some were even demanding to be led by colonial officers instead of English officers What 2 impressions were left on the American Colonists about the British after the French and Indian War?  They lost respect for British military power  The British did not treat them with the proper respect and held a different value system than they did  They felt that there was no reason why they could not govern themselves on their own