University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
BIOL 380 | Cell Biology
Academic year:

2002
Views:

384

Pages:

7
Author:

Hadassah Chase

Electron Transport Chain and Phosphorylation Diagram of a typical cell Fig 02-01.GIF Introduction to Membranes - Functions 1 Introduction to Membranes – Fluid Mosaic Model * * * Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Inner Membrane: Electron transport proteins and small molecules (Q) Inner Membrane: ATP Synthase citric acid cycle 2 Electron Transport Chain and Phosphorylation Oxidative Phosphorylation: Process of oxidation of NADH and FADH2 using the energy of oxidation to make ATP. Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred to O2. Oxidation: Process of oxidation of NADH and FADH2 by carriers in the electron transport chain Phosphorylation Process of synthesis of ATP ADP + Pi ATP + H2O Oxidation COMPLEXES I, II, III, IV FAD FADH2 3 Actual e- carriers FLAVINE MONONUCLEOTIDE Iron-Sulfur ClustersFig 19-5.GIF O ( B2 riboflavin ) N H3C H3C NH N N O " business end " isoalloxazine ring CH2 (CHOH)3 N CH2 CH2OH O O P - N O- O **FMNH2 (reduced form) **FMN (oxidized form) Fig 14-16.GIF Fig 19-3.GIF Cu2+/Cu+ centers Special Fe2+/Cu+ pair: site of O2 binding Small molecule Membrane-bound Fig 19-2.GIF Phosphorylation ATP Synthase matrix space intramembrane space Pumped back IN, destroying gradient in local area 4 Binding Change Mechanism: ATP Synthase Tight site with preformed ATP Loose site ADP + Pi bound Empty site (ATP dissociated, ready to accept ADP + Pi Steps 1, 2, 3: 1 The pumping of H+ through the membrane-bound subunits (Fo) results in the rotation of the γsubunit. 3 Each of the three active sites (in F1) undergoes a different conformational change depending upon whether it is an empty, loose, or a tight site. 2 Binding Change Mechanism: ATP Synthase Loose site Loose site Tight site ADP + Pi bound ADP + Pi ATP + H2O H+ (out) H+ (in) Tight site Tight site Empty site preformed ATP bound ATP free ATP Empty site Empty site Loose site ATP dissociated (empty) Bound ADP + Pi ADP + Pi to enter 5 Oxidation and Phosphorylation are Tightly Coupled -1 Coupling “Mechanism”: H+ gradient Oxidation of NADH and FADH2 is accompanied by pumping H+ OUT across the inner mitochondria membrane. The H+ gradient causes conformational changes in the ATP synthase (Fo) that results in 1) the pumping of H+ back IN and 2) the synthesis of ATP. Oxidation and Phosphorylation are Tightly Coupled- 2 For 462: Spring 2002 OH NO2 NO2 6 Oxidation and Phosphorylation are Tightly Coupled- 3 Oxidation and Phosphorylation are Tightly Coupled- 4 7

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