University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
BIOL 481/L | Plant Physiology and Lab
Academic year:

2022
Views:

428

Pages:

4
Author:

Accinkiquicpqw

CHLOROPLASTS Chloroplast • Chloroplast is a structure within the cells of plants and green algae that is the site of photosynthesis • They are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water in plant and algal cells. • They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle. Chloroplast - Distribution In plant cells, chloroplasts are homogeneously distributed in the cytoplasm though in certain plant cells they may remain concentrated around the nucleus. in the cell cytoplasm, they have definite orientation. Chloroplasts are motile organelles consequently, they show both passive and active movements.  The chloroplasts are located in the mesophyll region, between the upper and the lower epidermis.  It is made up of of several layers of loosely arranged spongy parenchyma cells with intercellular spaces.  The mesophyll region is the chief photosynthetic tissue of the leaf because of the presence of chloroplasts.  In a single mesophyll cell, the number of chloroplast ranges from 1 to 50. This number may vary from cell to cell depending on plant species, age, and health of the cell.

Chloroplasts

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