University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
HIST 510 | Colloquium in Greek and Hellenistic History
Academic year:

2024
Views:

334

Pages:

1
Author:

Charlize Mckenzie

Peloponnesian Wars Causes: • Delian League- organized by Athens to defend Ionia and Aegan from Persia. Athens protects for $. • Athens and Sparta had been fighting& agreed to have a truce • 445 bce: Thirty Years' Treaty: uneasy • 433 bce: Athens becomes allies with Corcyra (Corinth colony)& fight breaks out/ Athens violate the treaty • Sparta accuses them of aggression and threaten a war • Pericles (leader in Athens) refuses to back downÆ diplomatic talks fail • 431 bce: Thebes (Spartan side) attacks Plataea (Athen side)Æ war begins Archidamian • First 10 years of the war. Stand still. • Sparta attacks Atticus yearly and returns to harvest fields. Athens has control on the Sea and can import resources. Protected by long walls. Scilian Expedition/Disaster • Sparta is secure from invasion, but depends on Sicily for supplies • Athenians decide if the control Syracruse (the chief city of Sicily), Sparta will fall. • Athens sends 27,000 soldiers and uses almost all of the treasury. • Athens is betrayed by Alcibiades, a general, and Spartan allies attack Athenian fleet 431 bce • Disaster leaves Athens almost powerless; no money, loss if men, no ships for navy. Decelean • Sparta occupies the town of Decelea & use Persian money (from a treaty with King Darius II Nothus) to build a navy • Athens had lost many war leaders & appoint 10 "wise men" to give advice • Athens takes isle of Samos and begin to take Chios and Miletus & Spartans take over isle of Rhodes • Provoke revolutions against Athens in Ionia • Spartans cut off grain supply to Athens by moving the war from Ionia to Euboea to Hellespont& defeated by Athens at Cynossema • Sparta proposes: both sides keep the cities they controlled, give up garrisons in enemy territory, and give back each others' prisoners & Athens refuses war at a standstill • Athens surrenders