University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
SOC 400. | Organizational Theory
Academic year:

2011
Views:

271

Pages:

18
Author:

Jesus Chambers

Theory vs. Ideology – Certainty of answers – Type of knowledge system differs – Type T off assumptions ti differ diff – Use of normative statements differ – Use off evidence id differs diff – Demand for logical consistency differs – Transparency differs Theory vs. Ideology • Theory – – – – – – – Conditional Uncertainty Expanding Rigorously g y tested Empirical evidence Neutral Logical • Ideology – – – – – – Absolute Fixed Avoids tests Partial Contradictory Circular Theory vs. Ideology Example - Divorce • Theory – Family are strongest when theyy have resources (income, education, housing, maturity respect etc.) maturity, etc ) and low stress (constant employment, happy marriage, good health, etc). • Ideology – Society is facing a moral decayy leadingg to divorce,, women working outside the home, and loss of the “traditional traditional family family” Parts of a Theory 1) Assumptions • Assumptions Parts of a Theory 2) Concepts • Theoretical concept – Symbol – Definition – Jargon • Level of abstraction Parts of a Theory 2) Concepts • Single vs. concept clusters – Concept clusters • Simple vs vs. complex concepts – Concept classification – Ideal type – Typology • Scope Parts of a Theory 2) Concepts Parts of a Theory 2) Concepts Parts of a Theory 3) Relationships • Kinds of relationships – – – – Positive Negative Interaction effect Contingent g relationshipp • Propositions • Hypothesis Parts of a Theory 4) Units of Analysis • • • • • Individual Group O Organization i ti Region Country Aspects of Theory 1) Direction of Theorizing Deductive Inductive Aspects of Theory 2) Level of Analysis • Mi Micro-level l l theory th • Macro-level theory • Meso-level theory Aspects of Theory 3) Focus of Theory • Substantive S b t ti th theory • Formal theory Aspects of Theory 4) Forms of Explanation • Theoretical explanation • Prediction P di ti Aspects of Theory 4) Forms of Explanation • Causal explanation – – – – Temporal order Association Eliminating alternatives Specifying p y g the mechanism in a causal relationshipp • Causal mechanism – Outlining the causal chain Diagrams of Causal Relationships Positive relationship Positive and negative relationship Positive path relationship Diagrams of Causal Relationships C Complex l relationships l ti hi Aspects of Theory 4) Forms of Explanation • Structural explanation – Sequential theory – Network theory – Functional theory

Theory vs. Ideology

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