University:
Camosun College
Course:
BIOL 252 | Pathophysiology for Nursing 1
Academic year:

2024
Views:

202

Pages:

2
Author:

Aysha A.

Hypothalamus Predominant Functions: Vegetative Functions: Basic functions for survival. Behavioral Functions: Desired functions of an individual. Consists of the Following Nuclei: Lateral Nucleus: Thirst and appetite. Ventromedial Nucleus: Satiety. Anterior Nucleus: Senses increase in temperature and promotes cooling. Posterior Nucleus: Senses decrease in temperature and promotes warmth. Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: Controls circadian rhythms (sleep-wake cycle). Other Important Nuclei: Supraoptic Nucleus: Produces hormones. Paraventricular Nucleus: Produces oxytocin and vasopressin. Organum Vasculosum of Lamina Terminalis: Osmoreceptors (sensing blood osmolarity). Lacks a blood-brain barrier. Behavioral Functions: Lateral Nucleus: Controls rage. Ventromedial Nucleus: Controls tranquility. Anterior and Posterior Nuclei: Controls libido. Papez Circuit: Function: Emotion-related behavioral changes. Pathway: Starts from the hippocampus. Travels via the fornix to the mammillary body of the hypothalamus. Proceeds to the anterior nucleus of the thalamus. Then to the entorhinal cortex. Influence: The entire circuit is influenced by the prefrontal cortex. Clinical Note: Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine) results in disintegration of the hypothalamus, leading to alcoholic psychosis, also known as Korsakoff's psychosis.