Medsurge 2 Exam 5

1. Nursing Priority in Hypovolemic Shock? Answer: Administer IV fluids ISOTONIC (PNS/PLR) 2. Nursing Priority in Cardiogenic Shock? Answer: administer inotropes (Vasoactive medication) 3. Nursing Priority in Neurogenic Shock? Answer: Give Glucose IV/ IM Glucagon , Stability Spinal Cord 4. Nursing Priority in Anaphylactic Shock? Answer: Position Upright (Orthopneic Position) Administer epinephrine IM, airway support, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. 5. Nursing Priority in Septic Shock? Answer: Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics Therapy 6. Main Problem in Hypovolemic Shock? Answer: Low blood volume, severe fluid loss like dehydration 7. Main Problem in Cardiogenic Shock? Answer: Pump failure leading to decreased cardiac output, An inability of the heart to pump the blood forward. ( MI Heart Attack) 8. Main Problem in Distributive Shock? Answer: Hypotension and loss Vassodilation 9. Treatment of Choice for Anaphylactic Shock? Answer: Epinephrine IM 10. IV Fluid of Choice for Hypovolemia? Answer: Isotonic (Albumin 5) 11. Potential Complication of Meningococcemia? Answer: Kernig’s sign 12. What is the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System? Answer: Regulates blood pressure and fluid balance through vasoconstriction and sodium retention. 13. What ARDS vs. Pulmonary Edema? Answer: Acute Respiratory Distres of syndrome (Non Cardiogenic) (Sepsis, multiple blood transfusion, Smoke, Pancreattitis) pulmonary edema caused Cardiogenic 14. what is Preferred Drug for Pulmonary Edema? Answer: Furosemide (Lasix). 15.what is Immediate Intervention for Dehiscence/Evisceration? Answer: Position flat w/ knees flexed 16. what is Immediate Intervention for Increased ICP? Answer: Position Low fowler’s, administer mannitol, maintain airway. 17. what is Early Sign of Increased ICP? Answer: Altered LOC 18. what is Cushing's Triad (SATA)? Answer: Hypertension (widened pulse pressure), bradycardia, Bradypnea (Irregular Breath) 19. What is Virchow's Triad (SATA)? Answer: Blood stasis Hypercoagulability Damagad to blood vessels 20. what is Syrup of Ipecac for? Answer: Used to induce vomiting 21. How Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) Works? Answer: It inflate during diastole to increase coronary artery perfusion and deflates during systole to reduce afterload, improving cardiac output. Will help increase blood flow to the coronary ateries, the balloon pump will help increase cardiac output. 22. what are the Triad Symptoms of Shock? Answer: Hypotension, tachycardia, altered mental status. 23. What do you mean by tagging Red Tag in Triage? Answer: Immediate, Priority and treated first, Airway obstruction, severe Bleeding 24. what do you mean by tagging Yellow Tag in Triage? Answer: Delayed (serious but not immediately life-threatening injuries), able to respond, 25.what do you mean by tagging Green Tag in Triage? Answer: Minor injuries (walking wounded). 26. what do you mean by tagging Black Tag in Triage? Answer: Who have minimal chance to survive, Not respond, No Pulse 27. what is the Difference Between Nephrotic & Nephritic Syndrome? Answer: Nephrotic: Autoimune disease Nephritic: Group A beta-Hemolytic Streptococus 28. Symptoms of Oliguric Phase in Renal Failure (SATA)? Answer: Low urine output (<400 mL/day) Hyponatremia Hypocalcemia Hyperkalemia 29. Symptoms of Diuretic Phase in Renal Failure (SATA)? Answer: Hyponatremia Hypokalemia Hypercalcemia Tachycardia, Thready pulse, weight loss, dehydration, 30. How do we measures the stages of CKD? Answer: Measured using GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) 31. Hemodialysis Principles? Answer: Removes waste, excess fluid, and electrolytes via a semipermeable membrane. 32. what do you do in Disequilibrium Syndrome? Answer: Slow and stop the dialysis, give small Mannitol 33. what do you do if suspect Suspected Air Embolism? Answer: Place patient in Trendelenburg on left side 34. Peritoneal Dialysis Principles? Answer: Uses the peritoneum as a membrane for waste removal; fluid is instilled into the abdomen. 35.what are the Normal Signs of Peritoneal Fluid? Answer: Clear, blurry and fogy. 36. Signs & Symptoms of Peritonitis? Answer: Urine Colors “Cloudy” 37. Care for AV Shunt/Fistula? Answer: Ausculate bruit and palpate for thrill 38. Nursing Interventions Before & After Dialysis? Answer: Monitor BP, check weight, 39. What is Epoetin (Epogen)? Answer: Stimulates RBC production in CKD patients. 40. what are Contraindications for Activated Charcoal? Answer: Patients with bowel obstruction 41. Signs & Symptoms of BPH? Early sign : Nocturia, Urinary Frequency, Dribbling 42. what is Finasteride for? Answer: Decreased DHT 43. What is Tamsulosin? Answer: Increase Urine flow 44. What is TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)? Answer:Removed pf excess or portion of prostate . 45. Cystoclysis (Continuous Bladder Irrigation - CBI) principle behind it? Answer: Prevents clots post-TURP. 46. What to do with CBI if we suspect clots? Answer: Manually irrigate with sterile saline. 47. What to do with CBI if we suspect bleeding? Answer: Increase irrigation rate, notify provider if excessive. 48. Computation of Urine Output in CBI? Answer: Total output - irrigation fluid = true urine output. 49. What is PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen)? Answer: Marker for prostate cancer. 50. What is DRE (Digital Rectal Exam)? Answer: Screening for prostate enlargement/cancer. 51-55. Computation Questions? Answer: Need specific details to solve. 56. what is Complication of CPAP/Positive Airway Pressure? Answer: Low cardiac Output. 57. What are safe to be delegated to a PCA? Answer: Hygiene, feeding, vital signs, I&O monitoring. 58. Which Patient can Be Roommates? Answer: Those with similar conditions and no infections. 59. which patient First Patient to Discharge? Answer: Stable patient with resolved issue (e.g., post-op day 2, tolerating oral intake). 60. Best Patient for a New Nurse? Stable patient with predictable care needs. 61. Best Patient for a Seasoned Nurse? Answer: Unstable or critical patients requiring complex care. 62. Patient for UAP? Answer: Stable patient needing basic care (e.g., hygiene, repositioning). 63. Priority Patient? Answer: Unstable patients (e.g., shock, respiratory distress). 64. Last Priority Patient? Answer: Stable, chronic conditions requiring monitoring. 65. Patient Needing Immediate Attention? Answer: Airway, breathing, circulation issues (e.g., anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest). 66. What is the best position for autonomic Dysreflexia? Upright fowler’s