Engineering An Empire: Aztecs

Name: _____________________ Engineering An Empire: Aztecs Hi. I’m Peter Weller for the History Channel. Join me while we explore the Ancient Aztecs. ancient Rome 1. The Aztec civilization rivaled ___________ in its sophistication. Acqueducts, temples palaces pyramids, _______ and __________ stood as tribute to the gods. 2. Instead of getting married, what happened to the princess? Instead of getting married, the princess became a priestess 3. Peter Weller – Aztec sacrifices were important because without them they would cease to exist rise believed “the sun would refuse to _________ and the universe ___________________.” Texcoco 4. The Aztecs were chased to a swampy island is Lake ______________. That large valley isnow the site Mexico City of the modern day ___________________. cactus 5. Aztech King Tenoch had a vision and saw an “eagle perched on a ______________” and declared this to be the site of their capital city of Tenochtitlan. 6. Tenochtitlan is modeled after a city 25 miles to the north called Teotihuacan. It mean the place of the gods “_______________.” The original founders believed the city was the birthplace of the sun and a great pyramid constructed this to honor it - _________________________. 7. How did the Aztec leader Acampapichtl (1376 AD) engineer a solution to the swampy land? (How did they build a base?) The Aztec leader Acampapichtl (1376 AD) engineered a solution to the swampy land by constructing artificial islands called chinampas. 8. Describe a causeway. (What is it? How was it build?) 9. All human labor was used to build everything in the city. One large stone took ___________ men to move it. A causeway is a raised road or track across low or wet ground. It was built using earth and stone to elevate the path above the surrounding swampy terrain. 10. What did the mainland Tepanex tribe control that the Aztec very much needed and a war would start waterways and trade routes over? __________________ 11. With the help of Nezahualcylotl (leader of the Texcoco tribe) the Aztec wiped out the Tepanex. The threw the defeated king’s heart into the lake leader of the Aztecs did what with the defeated king’s heart? ______________________ (Signaled the beginning fo the Aztec Empire.) two tubes How far did it run? _______________ several miles 12. How many tubes did the aqueduct have? ______ 13. How many times a day did the king bathe? The king bathed four times a day. millions 14. Montezuma I expanded the borders of the empire. By 1449 it contained ________________ people. 15. Nezahualcoyotl designed the engineering solution to the problem of the flooding in the 5 lakes. How over six miles. How tall? _______ fifteen feet ft. How wide? _______ thirty long was the dike? ______ ft. 16. What are “sluice” gates with the dike? "Sluice" gates with the dike controlled the flow of water. 17. Describe a “chinampa” or floating island. A "chinampa" or floating island is a man-made island used for agriculture, constructed by piling up layers of mud and vegetation on a buoyant base. 18. King Ahuitzotl (1486-1502) ruled during the “Golden Age” of the Aztecs. He constructed “superhighways” and had runners pass messges from one end of the empire to the other. A message hundreds of miles in just ______ a few could travel _________ hours. rain war 19. The massive temple built by Ahuitzotl honored two gods, the god of ______ and the god of ______. Thousands How many people were sacrificed to honor them? ___________ 80,000 square miles. 20. It’s 1502 an dthe rule of Montezuma II starts. How big is the Empire? ___________ several How many people live in the Aztec Empire? ________ million. 21. In 1519, Cortez sailed form Cuba to Mexico with 11 boats and 500 men. What did the Mexicans call the boats? In 1519, Cortez sailed from Cuba to Mexico with 11 boats and 500 men. The Mexicans called the boats "sea houses". 22. If a tribe resisted they were slaughtered. Cortez ended up marrying a chieftains daughter who interpreter became his __________ and advisor. 23. Montezuma II invited Cortez to the Great Palace. What happened a week after the Spanish were in Tenochtitlan? Montezuma II invited Cortez to the Great Palace. A rebellion broke out a week after the Spanish were in Tenochtitlan. 24. In 1520, after interrupting a sacred sacrifice, Cortez and his group planned to leave. What does means "sad night" “Noche Triste” _______________________. 25. Cortez came back with a vengeance to wipe out Tenochtitlan. In May of 1521, he brought 600 15 thousands of Spaniards, ________ cavalry, and ________________ Indian allies to attack. 26. After defeated by war, disease was the real killer of the native population. How many people died Millions million, and the population was reduced by ______%. 80 of disease? ______