Physics Review Unit 8 Static Electricity and Circuits

University:
Concordia University Wisconsin
Course:
PHYS 1524 | General Physics II
Academic year:

2019
Views:

200

Pages:

4
Author:

Kaiden Murphy

Unit 8: Static Electricity and Circuits - The Electron: negatively charged, -9.11x10^-31 kg - The Proton: positively charged, -1.67x10^-27 kg Facts to Know - Opposite charges attract - Like charges repel - Electrons and protons have equal and opposite charges Law of Conservation of Charge - The electric charge of an atom can neither be created or destroyed. Charging by Induction - A process used to charge an object without any physical contact between the other charged object. If a negatively charged rod is brought near the metallic sphere, negative charges will begin building up on the farther end of the sphere and positive charges will begin building up on the closer end of the sphere. This will continue to happen until equilibrium is reached in the metallic sphere. Charging by Conduction - A process used to charge an object through physical contact. This direct contact causes a transfer of energy from the charged object to the neutral object. This results in a reduction of charge in the charged object. - - Coulomb’s Law: States that the electrostatic force between charged objects is proportional to the magnitude of charges between them and indirectly proportional to the square of distance between them. - Electric Field Mapping - Lines run out of a positive charge and run into a negative charge - Line intersect charged objects at a right angle - The number and density of the lines indicate the strength of the field - Lines must never touch or cross themselves or other lines - - Electric Potential Energy: The energy stored in an electric field. The kinetic energy that is gained by a charged particle is equivalent to the potential energy lost in the electric field. Electric Potential: The work that is required to move a particle from one point to another. Electric Current: The time rate of flow of electric charge. Electrical Resistance - A measure of an object’s resistance to the flow of a steady electric current. Electrical resistance is measured in Ohms ( ). - Resistance is affected by: length of wire, thickness of wire, type of material, and temperature Series Circuit: A circuit with only one path for the electric current to flow through. Parallel Circuit: A circuit with more than one path for the electric current to flow through.