University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
CHE 111 | General Chemistry
Academic year:

2020
Views:

290

Pages:

1
Author:

Kolten Khan

General Chemistry 3: Bonding and Chemical Interactions Bond Type According to DEN 0 Covalent Bonds Covalent Bond: Formed via the sharing of electrons between two elements of similar EN. Polar covalent 1.7 Ionic Ionic Bonds Bond Order: Refers to whether a covalent bond is a single, double, or triple bond. As bond order increases bond strength#, bond energy#, bond length¯. Ionic Bond: Formed via the transfer of one or more electrons from an element with a relatively low IE to an element with a relatively high electron affinity DEN > 1.7. Nonpolar Bonds: DEN < 0.5. Cation: POSITIVE + Polar Bonds: DEN is between 0.5 and 1.7. Anion: NEGATIVE − Coordinate A single atom provides both bonding electrons. Covalent Bonds: Most often found in Lewis acid-base chemistry. Intermolecular Forces Strength 0.5 Nonpolar covalent Crystalline Lattices: Large, organized arrays of ions. Sigma and Pi Bonds Formal Charge Hydrogen O-H, N-H, F-H 1s Formal'Charge= valence'e0 − dots− sticks Dipole-Dipole 1s 1p Dots: Sticks: London Dispersion 1s 2p Note: Van de Waals Forces is a general term that includes Dipole-Dipole forces and London Dispersion forces. Nonbonding ePair of bonding electrons H-Bond acceptor H-Bond donor Hybridization sp sp2 sp3 sp3d sp3d2 Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) Electronic Geometry: Molecular Shape: e- Groups Around Central Atom 2 3 4 5 6 Bonded and lone pairs treated the same. Lone pairs take up less space than a bond to another atom. Bonded Pairs Lone Pairs Electronic Molecular Geometry Shape 2 1 0 1 Linear 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 6 5 4 0 1 2 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 Linear Linear Trig Planar Trigonal Planar Bent Linear Tetrahedral Trig Pyramidal Tetrahedral Bent Linear Bond Angle 180° 120° 109.5° Trigonal Bipyramidal 90° Trigonal Bipyramidal Seesaw T-Shaped Linear Octahedral 120° Octahedral Square Pyramidal 90° Square Planar &