Build An Atom Lab

NAME:_________________________________ BUILD AN ATOM PART I: ATOM SCREEN Build an Atom simulation 1. Explore the Build an Atom simulation. a) List two things you observed in the simulation. 1) In terms of adding electrons, due to limitations you can only add 2 electrons to the first orbital, and 8 electrons to the second orbital 2) When adjusting the number of neutrons, the atom will become stable/unstable b) What particle(s) are found in the center of the atom? Protons and neutrons are found in the center of the atom. 2. Play until you discover which particle(s) determine(s) the name of the element you build. What did you discover? I discovered that adding protons moves from left to right on the periodic table. 3. What is the name of the following atoms? Lithium a) An atom with 3 protons and 4 neutrons: _____________ b) An atom with 2 protons and 4 neutrons: _____________ Helium Beryllium c) An atom with 4 protons and 4 neutrons: _____________ 4. Play with the simulation to discover which particles affect the charge of an atom or ion. a) Fill in the blanks below to show your results: Neutral atoms have the same number of protons and electrons. More Positive ions have _________________________ _______ protons than electrons. Fewer Negative ions have _______________________________ protons than electrons. b) Develop a relationship (in the form of a single sentence or equation) that can predict the charge based on the number and types of particle. The ratio of protons to electrons determines the charge of an atom. 5. Play with the simulation to discover what affects the mass number of your atom or ion. a) What is a rule for determining the mass number of an atom or ion? Mass = the number of protons + the number of neutrons 6. Practice applying your understanding by playing 1st and 2nd levels on the game screen. Completed BUILD AN ATOM 1 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! PART II: SYMBOL SCREEN 7. Using the Symbol readout box, figure out which particles affect each component of the atomic symbol. a) In the atomic symbol below, label each letter (a, b, c, and d) with: x the particle(s) used to determine the letter, and x how the value of each letter is determined. a = element symbol b = charge c = atomic number d = atomic mass 8. d c ab Create a definition (using a complete sentence) for each of these items based on your labels from the atomic symbol above. a) Element Symbol a one/two letter abbreviation that represents the full name of the element. b) Charge - the difference between protons and electrons ( + has more protons, - has more electrons, 0 has same of both) identifies the number of protons c) Atomic Number - d) Mass- Number identifies the number of neutrons and protons 9. Practice applying your understanding by playing the 3rd and 4th game levels. Play until you can get all the questions correct on the 4th level. Completed 10. In addition to atomic symbol, we can represent atoms by name and mass number. a) Complete the table below: Symbol 12 +1 6 C 18 9 11 5 F B Name Carbon-12 Fluorine - 18 Boron - 11 b) Each representation (Symbol and Name) in the table above provides information about the atom. Describe the similarities and differences between the Symbol and Name representations. The symbol has more information - atomic number, mass number, and charge as well as the symbol for the name The name tells only its mass number and name (the name of the element is a clue for the atomic number) no further information for charge was given BUILD AN ATOM 2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! PART III: ISOTOPES 11. Play with the simulation to determine: Neutrons and protons a) Which particles affect the stability of the atom? _____________________ Electrons b) Which particles do not affect the stability of the atom? _______________ 12. What are the names of the stable forms of oxygen? a) Oxygen-16 17 b) Oxygen-____ c) Oxygen-_18 ___ d) List all of the things that are the same about these atoms (ignore the electrons). The number of protons is the same for all three atoms, which is 8 e) List all the things that are different about these atoms (ignore the electrons). The number of neutrons is different for all three atoms (16, 17, 18) 13. The atoms in the previous question are isotopes of each other. Based on this information, list the requirements for two atoms to be isotopes of each other. Isotopes have the same number of protons, however different number of neutrons 14. Test your understanding of isotopes by examining the relationships between the pairs of atoms listed below: Atom 1 Atom 2 12 6 13 6 C 12 6 C C Carbon-12 Argon-40 11 5 B An atom with 13 protons and 13 neutrons BUILD AN ATOM Argon-41 Boron-10 An atom with 14 protons and 13 neutrons Relationship between atom 1 and atom 2 Isotopes Same Atom, Not Isotopes of Each Other Different Element Isotopes Same Atom, Not Isotopes of Each Other Different Element Isotopes Same Atom, Not Isotopes of Each Other Different Element Isotopes Same Atom, Not Isotopes of Each Other Different Element Isotopes Same Atom, Not Isotopes of Each Other Different Element 3 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! EXERCISES 15. The periodic table has a great deal of information about every atom. Using your periodic table, answer the following questions: 17 a) What is the atomic number of chlorine (Cl)? _____ 74 b) What is the atomic number of tungsten (W)? _____ 17 c) How many protons are there in any Cl atom?_____ 52 d) How many protons are there in any Te atom? _____ e) Can you tell from the periodic table exactly how many neutrons are in an atom? You cannot tell from the periodic table exactly how many neutrons are in an atom, since the mass number is the average mass of all the isotopes of that element. Also since isotopes are based on the numbers of neutrons, the mass of each isotope of an element will be a little different. 16. Complete the following table: Name Symbol hydrogen-2 2H Hydrogen - 3 3H sodium-22 22Na+ Atomic number 1 1 Mass Number 2 Number of neutrons 1 Number of Electrons 1 3 2 1 0 +1 Charge 0 11 22 11 10 Magnesium - 24 12 24 12 12 0 Magnesium - 25 12 25 13 13 -1 Titanium - 46 46Ti-2 22 46 24 24 -2 Gold - 107 107Ag 47 107 60 47 0 Fluorine - 19 19F-1 9 19 10 10 -1 carbon-12 6 12 6 6 0 carbon-13 6 13 7 6 0 carbon-14 6 14 6 0 carbon-12 6 12 8 6 7 -1 6 12 6 5 +1 2 4 2 2 0 8 18 16 8 40 22 10 18 -2 carbon-12 Helium - 4 4He Oxygen - 16 argon-40 Gallium - 70 70Ga 31 70 39 31 Gallium - 70 70Ga+3 31 70 39 34 4 7 9 5 15 8 2 8 Beryllium - 9 Nitrogen - 15 BUILD AN ATOM 0 0 -3 +2 -1 4 17. To test your knowledge of isotopes, draw arrows between all pairs of atoms in the table above that are isotopes of each other. Completed in the chart above BUILD AN ATOM 5