University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
CHE 361 | Organic Chemistry I
Academic year:

2020
Views:

180

Pages:

1
Author:

Nyasia Cardenas

Organic Chemistry 1: Nomenclatur IUPAC Naming Conventions Step 1: Find the parent chain, the longest carbon chain that contains the highest-priority functional group. Step 2: Number the chain in such a way that the highest-priority functional group receives the lowest possible number. Step 3: Name the substituents with a prefix. Multiples of the same type receive (di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.). Step 4: Assign a number to each substituent depending on the carbon to which it is bonded. Step 5: Alphabetize substituents and separate numbers from each other by commas and from words by hyphens. Hydrocarbons and Alcohols Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives Alkane: Hydrocarbon with no double or triple bonds. Alkane=C) H(,)-,) Naming: Alkanes are named according to the number of carbons present followed by the suffix –ane. Alkene: Contains a double bond. Use suffix -ene. Carboxylic Acid Carboxylic Acid:The highest priority functional group because it contains 3 bonds to oxygen. Alkyne: Contains a triple bond. Use suffix –yne. Alcohol: Contains a –OH group. Use suffix –ol or prefix hydroxy-. Alcohols have higher priority than double or triple bonds. Naming: Suffix –oic acid. Diol: Contains 2 hydroxyl groups. Geminal: If on same carbon Vicinal: If on adjacent carbons Ester Aldehydes and Ketones Amide Ester: Carboxylic Acid derivative where –OH is replaced with -OR. Aldehyde Amide: Replace the –OH group of a carboxylic acid with an amino group that may or may not be substituted. Ketone Carbonyl Group: C=O. Aldehydes and ketones both have a carbonyl group. Aldehyde: Carbonyl group on terminal C. Ketone: Carbonyl group on nonterminal C. Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary 1° Alcohols: Amines: 2° 3°