Systems Analysis and Design Answers

1. _____ refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information. a. b. c. d. Instructional technology Information technology Assistive technology Medical technology 2. A large concentration of servers working together is called a _____. a. b. c. d. server window server application server ranch server farm 3. _____ controls the flow of data, provides data security, and manages network operations. a. b. c. d. Enterprise software System software Application software Legacy software 4. Examples of company-wide applications, called _____, include order processing systems, payroll systems, and company communications networks. a. b. c. d. enterprise applications network operating systems (NOS) operating applications legacy systems 5. When planning an information system, a company must consider how a new system will interface with older systems, which are called _____. a. b. c. d. enterprise applications network operating systems (NOS) operating applications legacy systems 6. Internet-based commerce is called _____ and includes two main sectors: B2C (business-to- consumer) and B2B (business-to-business). a. electronic commerce b. network-oriented commerce c. virtual trading d. online trading 7. Which of the following is one of the main sectors of ecommerce? a. b. c. d. C2C (consumer-to-consumer) B2C (business-to-consumer) C2B (consumer-to-business) BPM (business process model) 8. _____ enabled computer-to-computer transfer of data between companies, usually over private telecommunications networks. a. b. c. d. Electronic data interchange (EDI) Radio frequency identification (RFID) Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Object-oriented (O-O) analysis 9. A _____ is an overview that describes a company’s overall functions, processes, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction. a. b. c. d. business matrix business profile business index business glossary 10. A _____ graphically displays one or more business processes, such as handling an airline reservation, filling a product order, or updating a customer account. a. b. c. d. business matrix model (BMM) business process model (BPM) business indexing model (BIM) business strategic model (BSM) 11. For complex models, analysts can choose computer-based modeling tools that use _____, which includes standard shapes and symbols to represent events, processes, workflows, and more. a. b. c. d. electronic data interchange (EDI) joint application development (JAD) business process modeling notation (BPMN) rapid application development (RAD) 12. Transaction processing (TP) systems _____. a. provide job-related information to users at all levels of a company b. simulate human reasoning by combining a knowledge base and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is applied c. process data generated by day-to-day business operations d. include email, voice mail, fax, video conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, database management, spreadsheets, and integrated mobile computing systems 13. Business support systems _____. a. provide job-related information support to users at all levels of a company b. simulate human reasoning by combining a knowledge base and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is applied c. process data generated by day-to-day business operations d. include email, voice mail, fax, video conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, database management, spreadsheets, and integrated mobile computing systems 14. _____ technology uses high-frequency radio waves to track physical objects. a. b. c. d. Redundant array of independent disks (RAID) Radio frequency identification (RFID) Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Management information system (MIS) 15. Knowledge management systems use a large database called a(n) _____ that allows users to find information by entering keywords or questions in normal English phrases. a. b. c. d. inference engine knowledge base knowledge database management system inference manager 16. User productivity systems _____. a. provide job-related information to users at all levels of a company b. simulate human reasoning by combining a knowledge base and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is applied c. process data generated by day-to-day business operations d. include groupware programs that enable users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams 17. In a typical organizational model, top managers _____. a. develop long-range plans, called strategic plans, which define a company’s overall mission and goals b. provide direction, necessary resources, and performance feedback to supervisors and team leaders c. oversee operation employees and carry out day-to-day functions, coordinating operational tasks and people d. include users who rely on transaction processing (TP) systems to enter and receive the data they need to perform their jobs 18. In a typical company organizational model, middle managers _____. a. develop long-range plans, called strategic plans, which define the company’s overall mission and goals b. provide direction, necessary resources, and performance feedback to supervisors and team leaders c. oversee operation employees and carry out day-to-day functions, coordinating operational tasks and people d. include users who rely on transaction processing (TP) systems to enter and receive the data they need to perform their jobs 19. _____ is a systems development technique that produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that systems developers can analyze, test, and modify. a. b. c. d. Prototyping Rapid application development Scrum Modeling 20. A _____ describes the information that a system must provide. a. b. c. d. process model data model business model network model 21. _____ is a systems development technique that tests system concepts and provides an opportunity to examine input, output, and user interfaces before final decisions are made. a. b. c. d. Scrum Prototyping Modeling Rapid application development 22. Identify a method of developing systems that is well-suited to traditional project management tools and techniques. a. b. c. d. Object-oriented analysis Adaptive method Structured analysis Rapid application development 23. The _____ method of developing systems produces code that is modular and reusable. a. b. c. d. object-oriented analysis adaptive structured analysis rapid application development 24. Which of the following methods of system development stresses intense team-based effort and reflects a set of community-based values? a. b. c. d. Object-oriented analysis Agile method Structured analysis Rapid application development 25. One of the disadvantages of _____ methods of system development is that the overall project might be subject to scope change as user requirements change. a. b. c. d. object-oriented analysis agile structured analysis rapid application development 26. Structured analysis is a traditional systems development technique that uses a series of phases, called the _____, to plan, analyze, design, implement, and support an information system. a. b. c. d. object-oriented (O-O) analysis systems development life cycle (SDLC) transaction processing (TP) system enterprise resource planning system (ERP) 27. Structured analysis is called a(n) _____ technique because it focuses on processes that transform data into useful information. a. b. c. d. iterative process-centered inferred model-specific 28. A(n) _____ shows the data that flows in and out of system processes. a. b. c. d. process model object model business model network model 29. A(n) _____ uses various symbols and shapes to represent data flow, processing, and storage. a. b. c. d. process flow diagram object model data flow diagram network model 30. In a(n) _____ model, the result of each phase is called a deliverable, which flows into the next phase. a. b. c. d. interactive iterative waterfall spiral 31. The _____ usually begins with a formal request to the IT department, called a systems request, which describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business process. a. b. c. d. systems design phase systems planning phase systems support and security phase systems analysis phase 32. In a systems development life cycle (SDLC) model, the purpose of the _____ is to build a logical model of the new system. a. systems analysis phase b. systems implementation phase c. systems design phase d. systems support and security phase 33. In a systems development life cycle (SDLC) model, the purpose of the _____ is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. a. b. c. d. systems implementation phase systems planning phase systems analysis phase systems design phase 34. During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC), a new system is constructed. a. b. c. d. systems planning phase systems support and security phase systems design phase systems implementation phase 35. The systems implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) includes an assessment, called a _____, to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs and benefits are within expectation. a. b. c. d. systems estimation systems verification systems validation systems evaluation 36. During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC), the IT staff maintains, enhances, and protects the system. a. b. c. d. systems support and security phase systems implementation phase systems analysis phase systems planning phase 37. In object-oriented analysis, objects possess characteristics called _____. a. b. c. d. properties orientations classes inheritances 38. In object-oriented analysis, an object is a member of a(n) _____, which is a collection of similar objects. a. b. c. d. property class message instance 39. In object-oriented design, built-in processes called _____ can change an object’s properties. a. b. c. d. methods functions attributes features 40. Agile methods typically use a(n) _____ , which represents a series of iterations based on user feedback. a. b. c. d. incremental model extreme model spiral model evaluative model 41. The _____ group typically provides leadership and overall guidance, but the systems themselves are developed by teams consisting of users, managers, and IT staff members. a. b. c. d. web support application development systems support database administration 42. _____ provides vital protection and maintenance services for system hardware and software, including enterprise computing systems, networks, transaction processing systems, and corporate IT infrastructure. a. b. c. d. User support Database administration Systems support and security Network administration 43. A _____ answers questions, troubleshoots problems, and serves as a clearinghouse for user problems and solutions. a. b. c. d. user support specialist database administrator web support specialist network administrator 44. _____ design and construct webpages, monitor traffic, manage hardware and software, and link web-based applications to a company’s information systems. a. b. c. d. User support specialists Database administrators Web support specialists Network administrators 45. Many large IT departments use a(n) _____ team that reviews and tests all applications and systems changes to verify specifications and software quality standards. a. b. c. d. beta testing quality assurance alpha testing acceptance verifier 46. A(n) _____ investigates, analyzes, designs, develops, installs, evaluates, and maintains a company’s information systems. a. b. c. d. application developer database administrator network administrator systems analyst 47. Many hardware and software companies offer _____ for IT professionals, which verifies that an individual demonstrated a certain level of knowledge and skill on a standardized test. a. b. c. d. spot identification certification education accreditation 48. A(n) _____ is the set of beliefs, rules, traditions, values, and attitudes that define a company and influence its way of doing business. a. corporate culture b. team guideline c. mission statement d. ongoing rule-set 49. An example of a vertical system is a(n) _____. a. b. c. d. inventory application medical practice application payroll application database for an auto dealership 50. A business process describes a specific set of _____. a. b. c. d. transactions employees events results 51. Product-oriented firms manufacture _____. a. b. c. d. retail services routers computers microchips 52. System software consists of programs that support day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they require. a. True b. False 53. Joint application development (JAD) is like a compressed version of the entire development process. a. True b. False 54. User support provides users with technical information, training, and productivity support. a. True b. False 55. Most firms give their IT budgets a low priority in good economic times. a. True b. False 56. A mission-critical system is one that is unimportant to a company’s operations. a. True b. False 57. In an information system, data is information that has been transformed into input that is valuable to users. a. True b. False 58. Transaction processing (TP) systems are inefficient because they process a set of transaction-related commands individually rather than as a group. a. True b. False 59. In a knowledge management system, a knowledge base consists of logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships. a. True b. False 60. Most large companies require systems that combine transaction processing, business support, knowledge management, and user productivity features. a. True b. False 61. Since middle managers focus on a longer time frame, they need less detailed information than top managers, but somewhat more than supervisors who oversee day-to-day operations. a. True b. False 62. Many companies find that a trend called empowerment, which gives employees more responsibility and accountability, improves employee motivation and increases customer satisfaction. a. True b. False 63. Network administration includes hardware and software maintenance, support, and security. a. True b. False 64. The responsibilities of a systems analyst at a small firm are exactly the same as those at a large corporation. a. True b. False 65. Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or definition. 1. In many large companies, these kinds of systems provide cost-effective support for users and managers throughout the company. 2. The name for new business support systems that produced valuable information, in addition to performing manual tasks; their primary users were managers. 3. All companies that provide materials, services, and functions needed to provide a product to a customer. 4. An approach that proponents believe reduces risks and speeds up software development 5. People who oversee operational employees and carry out dayto-day functions 6. People who rely on transaction processing (TP) systems to enter and receive data they need to perform their jobs 7. Produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that systems developers can analyze, test, and modify 8. Requests specific behavior or information from another object 9. Can expand to meet new business requirements and volumes 10. An early working version of an information system a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. Spiral model Team leaders Modeling Scalable design Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Operational employees Management information system (MIS) Message Prototype Supply chain 66. Who is a knowledge worker, and why this kind of worker is required by successful companies? 67. Discuss the pros and cons of agile methods. 68. Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-1 Roark has just joined a company and in his role as a lead analyst, he will be responsible for determining which systems development method the team uses to create a new application for a major medical supplier. After Roark has spent a week getting to know the members of the team, including their strengths and weaknesses, and what has worked well (and not so well) for this particular team in the past, one theme keeps recurring: the team has particularly weak communications skills. Which of the following methods is Roark least likely to use, given that he knows about the disadvantages of each method? a. b. c. d. Structured analysis Agile/adaptive methods Object-oriented analysis Rapid application development 69. Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-1 Roark has just joined a company and in his role as a lead analyst, he will be responsible for determining which systems development method the team uses to create a new application for a major medical supplier. It is a new day at the firm. Roark has been in place for a few weeks, strengthening the communications skills of his employees, getting them to work much better together. Now, the challenge that he faces is not an internal one; it lies with the client, which is increasingly incapable of sticking with decisions. Roark, based on his past experience with other clients like this, is afraid that the client will throw them a curveball and want to make changes late in the game—but that they also will be unwilling to absorb the costs of those changes. For this reason, which of the following methods of development will Roark eliminate? a. b. c. d. Structured analysis Agile/adaptive methods Object-oriented analysis Rapid application development 70. Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-2 Maddy has been performing at a very high level at a firm, and so when two of her colleagues who are currently leading other development efforts get sick or leave the company, she is asked to step in and help manage these two other efforts. When Maddy sits down at the first meeting at which the first group is gathering, she hears them discussing the feasibility study in which they are currently engaged. She knows, then, in which phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) this team currently is. Which phase is it? a. b. c. d. Systems analysis Systems design Systems planning Systems implementation 71. Critical Thinking Questions Case 1-2 Maddy has been performing at a very high level at a firm, and so when two of her colleagues who are currently leading other development efforts get sick or leave the company, she is asked to step in and help manage these two other efforts. After leaving the first meeting, Maddy goes down the hall to meet with the outgoing manager of the second team. In that meeting, he shares with her the latest draft of the systems requirement document, which is nearly complete. In which phase is the second team currently? a. b. c. d. Systems analysis Systems design Systems planning Systems implementation Answers: 1. b. 2. d. 3. b. 4. a. 5. d. 6. a. 7. b. 8. a. 9. b. 10. b. 11. c. 12. c. 13. a. 14. b. 15. b. 16. d. 17. a. 18. b. 19. d. 20. c. 21. b. 22. c. 23. a. 24. b. 25. b. 26. b. 27. b. 28. a. 29. c. 30. c. 31. b. 32. a. 33. d. 34. d. 35. d. 36. a. 37. d. 38. b. 39. a. 40. c. 41. b. 42. c. 43. a. 44. c. 45. b. 46. d. 47. b. 48. a. 49. b. d. 50. a. c. d. 51. b. c. d. 52. b. 53. b. 54. a. 55. b. 56. b. 57. b. 58. b. 59. b. 60. a. 61. b. 62. a. 63. a. 64. b. 65. [e] 1. In many large companies, these kinds of systems provide cost-effective support for users and managers throughout the company. [g] 2. The name for new business support systems that produced valuable information, in addition to performing manual tasks; their primary users were managers. [j] 3. All companies that provide materials, services, and functions needed to provide a product to a customer. [a] 4. An approach that proponents believe reduces risks and speeds up software development [b] 5. People who oversee operational employees and carry out day-to-day functions [f] 6. People who rely on transaction processing (TP) systems to enter and receive data they need to perform their jobs [c] 7. Produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that systems developers can analyze, test, and modify [h] 8. Requests specific behavior or information from another object [d] 9. Can expand to meet new business requirements and volumes [i] 10. An early working version of an information system a. Spiral model b. Team leaders c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. 66. 67. 68. b. 69. a. 70. c. 71. a. Modeling Scalable design Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Operational employees Management information system (MIS) Message Prototype Supply chain