Philippine Tourism, Geography, and Culture

ITM 0002 PHILIPPINE TOURISM, GEOGRAPHY, AND CULTURE 1 L1 OVERVIEW OF THE PHILIPPINES -​ Officially the Republic of the Philippines, an archipelagic country in the south east asia -​ 300,00 square km -​ Capital = manila -​ Positone on the western edge of the pacific ocean -​ Second largest archipelagic island with over 7,641 islands -​ Luzon: largest island in the north -​ Mindanao: largest island in the south -​ Visayas: middle -​ 5th largest coastline -​ Pinatubo, Taal, Mayon, Canlaon BASIC FACTS ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES Major Landforms 1.​ Highest point = Mt. Apo 2.​ Oldest province = Aklan 3.​ Largest province = Palawan 4.​ Smallest province = Batanes 5.​ Number of provinces = 82 -​ 38 in Luzon -​ 27 in Visayas -​ 17 in Mindanao Largest islands; Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Mindoro, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol, and Masbate = 95% of the Philippine Islands -​ Cagayan River “ Rio Grande de Cagayan” = longest and largest river (520 km/320 ml) -​ Largest city = Quezon City -​ Manila bay is connected to Laguna de Bay = largest lake Climate -​ Tropic of cancer -​ Equator -​ Tropic of capricorn Longitude = sunlight Latitude = climate Spring = March to May (vernal equinox) Summer = June to August (summer solstice) Autumn = September to November (autumnal equinox) Winter = December to February (winter solstice) Language -​ Officials = Filipino/Tagalog -​ Second language = English RECOGNIZED REGIONAL LANGUAGE (dialect) -​ Aklanon -​ Bicolano -​ Chavacano -​ Ibanag -​ Hiligaynon -​ Ilocano -​ Ivatan -​ Kapampangan -​ Kinaray-a -​ Maguindanaoan -​ Maranao -​ Pangasinense -​ Sambal -​ Spanish -​ Surigaonon -​ Tausug -​ Waray -​ Yakan -​ Taglish MAJOR ETHNIC GROUPS -​ Tagalog LIFE EXPECTANCY 2015 = 69 2016 = 69.1 2017 = 69.2 2018 & up = 71 ECONOMIC ASPECTS = developing country, globally competitive SOCIO ECONOMIC ASPECT = Diverse, austronesian, alibata ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT = cultural heritages, globally aware THE 5 A's OF TOURISM -​ Accommodation -​ Accessibility -​ Activities -​ Amenities -​ Attractions = natural & man made Assessing destination attributes and attractions -​ Destination support facilities & services -​ People-related factors -​ Futurity dimension TOP DOMESTIC TOURIST DESTINATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES 1.​ Apo island 2.​ Baguio 3.​ Banaue Rice Terraces 4.​ Batanes 5.​ Bicol Region 6.​ Bohol 7.​ Boracay 8.​ Calaguas islands 9.​ Camiguin (2nd smallest island) 10.​ Cebu 11.​ Hinatuan Enchanted River 12.​ Iligan 13.​ Malapascua Island 14.​ Manila 15.​ Mt. Pulag 16.​ Palawan 17.​ Siargao 18.​ Tagaytay 19.​ Tubbataha reefs natural park 20.​Vigan TYPES OF TRAVEL -​ Outbound (out the country) -​ Inbound (foreigners into the country) -​ International (foreign tourist) -​ Domestic (inside the country) TYPES OF TOURISM (According to Activity) 1.​ Business Tourism 2.​ Adventure Tourism(Physical activities) 3.​ Ecotourism (flora and fauna) 4.​ Wildlife tourism (animals) 5.​ Medical tourism (hospital) 6.​ Wellness tourism (overall health) 7.​ Pilgrimage and spiritual 8.​ Cultural tourism 9.​ Agritourism (farms, lands) 10.​ Dark tourism (tragic historical events) 11.​ Culinary or food tourism 12.​ celebrity/film tourism 13.​ Educational tourism 14.​ Cruise tourism 15.​ Rural tourism 16.​ Beach tourism 17.​ Voluntourism 18.​ Sports tourism 19.​ Aquatic tourism L2 ILOCOS AND CAGAYAN REGION ILOCOS REGION ●​ The name Ilocos comes from the Spanish words y-looc, which Means "From the coves" ●​ Located in island luzon. ●​ Northwest of the island. ●​ Known as region1. PROVINCES 1.​ Ilocos Norte a province in the northernmost region of the Philippines, is a place of rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking landscapes. 2.​ Ilocos Sur Ilocos Sur is a province in the Philippines, located in the Ilocos Region of Luzon. It's known for its well-preserved Spanish colonial era sites. PORT OF ACCESS Ilocos Norte ●​ Curimao Seaport - fertilizers, petroleum products, cement, feldspar ●​ Laog International Airport - Laog airport is the main airport serving the general area of Laoag. 2 flights a day Ilocos Sur ●​ Salomague Seaport - A beautiful port and famous natural attraction situated near the town of Cabugao in Ilocos Sur, the northernmost part of the Philippines. ●​ Vigan Airport - The airport is the only one located in Ilocos Sur, at Barangay Mindoro Pangasinan ●​ Sual Seaport - The Port of Sual has no equipment for container loading and unloading. ●​ Binalonan Airport - the ONLY commercially active airport in Pangasinan 3.​ La Union La Union is a province in the Ilocos Region of Luzon, Philippines. It's known for its beaches, surfing, and cultural attractions. ATTRACTIONS AND ACTIVITIES BANGUI WINDMILLS - The Bangui Wind Farm is a wind farm in Bangui, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. The wind farm uses 20 units of 70-meter (230 ft) high Vestas V82 1.65 MW wind turbines, arranged in a single row stretching along a 9-kilometer (5.6 mi) shoreline of Bangui Bay, facing the South China Sea. 4.​ Pangasinan Pangasinan is a province in the Philippines that's known for its agriculture, festivals, and beaches. CHURCH OF PAOAY - St. Augustine Church, or more popularly called Paoay Church, in Ilocos Norte is one of the oldest churches in the Philippines and is among the major attractions of Ilocos Norte. Built of coral blocks and stucco-plastered bricks, the architecture is a unique combination of Gothic, Baroque and Oriental. it was built in 1593 by Augustinian friar Father Antonio Estavillo CALLE CRISOLOGO - Though only 500 meters long, Calle Crisologo in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, is one of the most beautiful streets in the Philippines. It boasts centuries-old stone houses, lovely tungsten lamps, and antique cobblestone, where horse-drawn carriages or kalesas are still used for transport. In fact, the street is a pedestrian-only zone, save for kalesas favored for touring the historical sites around town. THE MINOR BASILICA OF OUR LADY OF THE ROSARY OF MANAOAG - Our Lady of Manaoag is about a farmer who saw the Virgin Mary in a tree and heard her tell him where to build a church. The church became the center of a town called Manaoag, which means "She Calls". Construction of the church at the Shrine of Our Lady of the Rosary of Manaoag in the Philippines began in 1701. It was built by Augustinians, Dominicans, and a wealthy couple. BANTAY WATCHTOWER - The Bantay Watchtower, or Bantay Belfry, is located in a little town called Bantay 10 minutes from Vigan City. Built in 1591, it once served as a watchtower for the Spanish colonists as a defense against the potential risk of invading pirates. The word 'bantay' means 'guard' in Tagalog; and even though the Bantay Watchtower was turned into a bell tower by the nearby church in 1857, it still was used as a watchtower during the two World Wars due to its strategic location HUNDRED ISLANDS - The Hundred Islands National Park is the first Philippine national park and a protected area located in Alaminos, Pangasinan. The islands, totaling 124 at low tide and 123 at high tide, are scattered in Lingayen Gulf covering an area of 16.76 square kilometres (6.47 sq mi). Only four of them had been developed for tourism: Quezon Island (the most developed), Governor Island, Children's Island, and Pilgrimage Island. LA PAZ SAND DUNES - The sand dunes an 85-square-kilometer (33 sq mi) protected sandy coastal desert and beach located in Laoag, Ilocos Norte, in the Philippines—were formed by wind, waves, and rivers, and are a unique geological feature. ATV RIDES - ATV rides are situated at La Paz sand dunes in Ilocos Norte typically cost around ₱2,000 for a 60-minute ride. SANDBOARDING - Sandboarding is a boardsport and extreme sport similar to snowboarding that involves riding down a sand dune while standing on a board, with both feet strapped in. Sand sledding can also be practised sitting down or lying on the belly or the back. ₱1,300 for a 4x4 Jeep ride that includes sand boarding WALKING AND DAY TOUR - The best time to visit Vigan is during the dry season, from November to April, especially from December to February. During these months, the temperatures are cooler and it's less likely to rain. ISLAND ACTIVITIES - Make stops in several areas for swimming, sightseeing, and snorkeling, and take in the beauty of the limestone rocks, sandy beaches, and secluded caves. Ilocos Sur ●​ Viva Vigan Binatbatan Festival of Arts A celebration of Vigan City’s heritage as a unesco world heritage site. FOODS AND DELICACIES ●​ Longganisa - pork sausage originated in Vigan City ●​ Poqui Poqui - a Filipino eggplant and scrambled eggs dish ●​ Bagnet - crispy pork belly dish that ●​ Pinakbet - a traditional Filipino vegetable dish without kalabasa ●​ Empanada - brought to Ilocos province by the Spaniards and its former Latin American colonies ●​ Pinapaitan - is a popular, spicy, and bitter stew made with goat or beef offal and flavored with the animal's bile, also known as "pait". ●​ Pigar-Pigar - means to mix or toss ●​ Dinakdakan - or warek-warek is an Ilocano delicacy made with grilled pork parts, face, ears, liver, and tongue. Pulutan ●​ Longganisa Festival A culinary festival highlighting Vigan’s famous longganisa FESTIVALS AND SPECIAL EVENTS Ilocos Norte ●​ Pamulinawen Festival A religious and cultural festival honoring St. William the Hermit, the patron saint of Laoag City ●​ Guling-Guling Festival A unique pre-Lenten festival in Paoay that celebrates forgiveness and unity. ●​ Ani Festival Celebration of bountiful harvest and Patron Saint Ani. La Union ●​ La Union Surfing Break An annual surfing event that attracts enthusiasts from across the country. ●​ Pindangan Festival A cultural festival commemorating the founding of San Fernando City. Pangasinan ●​ Bangus Festival A vibrant celebration of Dagupan City’s milkfish (bangus) industry. ●​ Pistay Dayat A coastal festival celebrating Pangasinan's bountiful seas MAJOR CULTURAL GROUPS ●​ Pangasinense The Pangasinense people are the second-largest group in Region I, making up about 27% of the population. ●​ Tagalog The Tagalogs are a smaller cultural group in Region I, making up about 3% of the population. ●​ Ilocanos The Ilocanos are the largest cultural group in Region I, making up about 66% of the population considered separate from mainland Cagayan Valley due to its distinct geographical and cultural characteristics. MAJOR INDUSTRIES ●​ Agriculture - is the primary industry in Region I, involving the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock. ●​ Aquaculture and fishing - involve the cultivation and harvesting of fish and other aquatic organisms ●​ Agro-industrial sector encompasses businesses that process agricultural products into consumable goods. ●​ Cottage industries are small-scale manufacturing operations often run from homes or small workshops. ●​ Tourism is an industry that involves travel for leisure or business purposes, promoting local attractions and culture. 2.​ Cagayan The largest province in the region, Cagayan is characterized by its extensive river systems, including the Cagayan River, the longest river in the Philippines. The province is known for its agricultural output and rich history influenced by Spanish colonization. MAJOR LANGUAGES ●​ Ilocano ●​ Pangasinense ●​ Tagalog ●​ English CAGAYAN VALLEY REGION ●​ Cagayan got its name from the Ilocano word “karayan” or river referring to the Rio Grande de Cagayan. ●​ Located in island luzon. ●​ NorthEast of the island ●​ Known as region 2 PROVINCES 1.​ Batanes An archipelago known for its stunning landscapes, unique Ivatan culture, and traditional stone houses. It is often 3.​ Isabela Known as the "Rice Granary of the North," Isabela is a major agricultural province with vast rice fields and other crops. It has a diverse cultural heritage and is home to several festivals. 4.​ Nueva Vizcaya A landlocked province known for its mountainous terrain and rich natural resources. it is also famous for being the “citrus capital of the Philippines” 5.​ Quirino The smallest province in Cagayan Valley, Quirino is known for its lush forests and rivers. It offers various outdoor activities such as trekking and river rafting. PORT OF ACCESS Batanes ●​ Basco Seaport - The primary seaport for cargo and passenger transport in batanes. ●​ Basco Airport - The main airport serving Batanes, with flights connecting to Manila. Cagayan ●​ Port Irene - A major seaport for cargo and trade, located in the Cagayan Special Economic Zone ●​ Tuguegarao Airport - the main airport serving domestic flights Isabela ●​ Palanan Airport - Community airport serving limited flights in Palanan ●​ Cauayan Airport - Provides air connectivity to Manila and other destinations. Nueva Vizcaya ●​ Bagabag Airport - The only airport in Nueva Vizcaya, serving domestic flights primarily to Manila. ATTRACTIONS AND ACTIVITIES ●​ Callao Cave ●​ Anguib Beach ●​ Basco Lighthouse ●​ Mount Iraya ●​ Island hopping ●​ Hiking ●​ Beach activities ●​ photography FOODS AND DELICACIES ●​ Pancit Batil Patong - From Tuguegarao, features fresh miki noodles topped with sautéed carabao beef, vegetables, and a poached egg ●​ Chicharabao - made from deep-fried carabao (water buffalo) skin, ●​ Ybanag Longganisa - a type of sausage originating from the Ybanag people of Cagayan Valley. ●​ Pawa - a sweet, bite- sized steamed bun snack made of ground glutinous rice and filled with sweetened ground peanuts. FESTIVALS AND SPECIAL EVENTS Cagayan ●​ Aggao Nac Cagayan a festival celebrating Cagayan's founding anniversary with cultural events and festivities ●​ Gawagaway-yan celebration of the city's bountiful harvest and merriment ●​ Pav-vurulun Afi Festival a yearly event in Tuguegarao City, Cagayan, celebrating unity and the city's patron, St. Hyacinth, with cultural activities and fire-themed festivities. ●​ Lighting of the Torch represents the unity and shared spirit of the community, signifying the start of the festival celebrations. Isabela ●​ Bambanti Festival an annual celebration in Isabela province, showcasing its agricultural heritage and creativity through Bambanti displays, street dances, and local products. ●​ Makan Ken Mainum a competition that showcases the cooking and drink-making skills of participants. ●​ Pagay Festival Celebrated on September 28 in Alicia, this festival highlights rice production and includes various cultural activities related to agriculture. Giant rice cake competition and farmer’s parade. Nueva Vizcaya ●​ Grand Ammungan Festival Nueva Vizcaya’s founding anniversary celebration, highlighting its cultural diversity, indigenous heritage, and unity through various festivities. Grand Float Parade ●​ Panagyaman Festival a nationwide celebration in the Philippines, giving thanks for a bountiful harvest and honoring the contributions of farmers to food security Quirino ●​ Panagdadapun Festival an annual celebration in Quirino province, showcasing its cultural heritage, unity, and indigenous traditions through various festivities. Quirino adventure challenge ●​ Ginnamuluan Festival a celebration in Peñablanca, Cagayan, emphasizing the values of unity, cooperation, and community spirit through cultural activities and events. ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ Batanes ●​ Vakul-Kanayi Festival A festival in Batanes highlighting the Vakul (women’s headgear) and Kanayi (men’s vest), with cultural performances and exhibits. ●​ Kulay Festival Celebrated in April, it showcases Ivatan culture, arts, and traditions through exhibits, music, and community events. MAJOR CULTURAL GROUPS ●​ Ibanag - One of the oldest ethnic groups in Cagayan Valley, known for ●​ ●​ their rich traditions and unique Ibanag language. Ilocano - The largest group in Region 2, recognized for their hardworking nature, thriftiness, and distinct cuisine. Gaddang - A group in Nueva Vizcaya and Isabela, known for their colorful woven clothing and vibrant cultural heritage. Itawes - A subgroup in Cagayan with a language influenced by Ibanag and Ilocano, known for their farming traditions. Isinai - A small indigenous group in Nueva Vizcaya, notable for their distinct language and ancient customs. Bugkalot - Formerly known as headhunters, now a peaceful group in Quirino, preserving their rich warrior traditions. Ivatan - The native people of Batanes, famous for their stone houses, vakul headgear, and resilient lifestyle. Agta - A nomadic indigenous group living in forests, known for their hunting, fishing skills, and deep connection with nature. Malaweg - An ethnic group in Cagayan, mainly in Rizal, known for their mixed Ilocano-Ibanag-Itawes language and farming traditions. Yogad - An indigenous group in Isabela, mainly in Echague, known for their unique language and rich farming heritage. MAJOR INDUSTRIES ●​ Agriculture - Cagayan Valley is a top corn and rice producer, known for ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ ●​ high-value crops, with agriculture as its main economic driver. cacao, and citrus, with agriculture as the region's main economic contributor. Construction Tourism and Agri-tourism IT-BPM Aquaculture and Fishery Forestry and Wood processing LANGUAGE AND DIALECTS ●​ Ilocani ●​ Ibanag ●​ Itawes ●​ Malaweg ●​ Gaddang ●​ Isinai ●​ Bugkalot ●​ Ivatan ●​ Yogad ●​ Tagalog and English