Alexander the Great: Guided Notes

4.6 – Alexander the Great: Guided Notes (Fill?in?the?Blank) Macedonia 1. Macedonia was located north of Greece on the Balkan Peninsula. 2. Macedonians lived mostly in mountain villages rather than city-states. 3. Their language was related to Greek. 4. Greeks saw Macedonians as uncivilized foreigners King Philip II 5. King Philip II was a brilliant general and ruthless politician. 6. Philip dreamed of conquering Greek and Persia. 7. In 338 BCE, the Macedonians defeated the Greeks at the Battle of Chaeronea. 8. Alexander, Philip’s son, led the cavalry. 9. Greek city-states were under Alexander’s_ control. 10. In 336 BCE, Philip was assassinated, and Alexander became king. Alexander's Early Conquests 11. In 334 BCE, Alexander crossed the Hellespont into Asia Minor. 12. At the Battle of Granicus (334 BCE), Alexander smashed Persian defenses. 13. At the Battle of Issus (333 BCE), Darius III fled. 14. Darius offered a peace settlement, but Alexander rejected it. Egypt & the Fall of Persia 15. In 332 BCE, Alexander entered Egypt and was welcomed as a liberator crowned pharaoh. 16. Alexander founded Alaxandria in the Nile Delta. 17. In 331 BCE at the Battle of Gaugamela, Persia was defeated again. 18. Alexander took over the rest of Peria without resistance. Campaign in India 19. In 326 BCE, Alexander won the Battle of Hydaspes. 20. His army had been campaigning for _13 years, marching over _22000_ miles. 21. The soldiers wanted to go home. 22. Alexander attempted to invade India. Alexander's Death 23. Alexander returned to Babylon died at age 32. 24. Possible causes: illness, poison, fever, or wounds. 25. Alexander left no heir—his son wasn’t born after his death. Alexander's Successors 26. The empire was divided among 3 of his generals. 27. These conflicts were known as the Wars of the Diadochi. 28. The empire declined due to lack of the empire. Influence of Alexander the Great 29. Alexander spread Greek (hellenic) culture across Egypt and the Near East. 30. Hellenization spread Greek culture and language. 31. Alexander combine _ and _Persian_ cultures. 32. Cultural _ increased. 33. Life became more Urbanized (growth of cities). 34. The status of women improved. 35. Standard currency made trade easier. 36. Art and writing focused on romanticized real people and daily life. 37. Personal responsibility became important.