University:
Emory University
Course:
CHEM 141 | General Chemistry I
Academic year:

2020
Views:

401

Pages:

3
Author:

Kolten Khan

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In some areas, ca le on an open range may compact fragile soils while grazing. This can damage 1) plant roots, leading to fewer, smaller plants, which may in turn cause ca le to graze more and work harder to obtain food. This is an example of a ________. A) homeostatic system B) dynamic equilibrium C) food web D) negative feedback loop E) positive feedback loop 2) All of the following are considered Earth's structural spheres EXCEPT ________. 2) A) atmosphere B) biosphere C) geosphere D) lithosphere E) hydrosphere 3) Containing elements of both forests and coastal marshes, the swamplands of extreme southern 3) Louisiana would be an example of ________. A) a closed ecosystem B) a superbiome C) a dead zone D) an ecotone E) an abiotic system 4) The ﬁrst essential step in changing atmospheric nitrogen into more usable NH 3 is called ________. 4) A) denitriﬁcation B) nitrogen ﬁxation C) ammoniﬁcation D) nitriﬁcation E) biogeochemical cycling 5) The three largest pools of the carbon cycle, in order, are ________. 5) A) sedimentary rock, the atmosphere, and plants B) fertilizers, plants, and the atmosphere C) sedimentary rock, oceans, and fossil fuels D) oceans, sedimentary rock, and respiration E) freshwater streams, the atmosphere, and plants 6) Negative feedback processes tend to function within ecosystems to ________. 6) A) stabilize the ecosystem B) reinforce harmful changes C) cause ecological relationships to ﬂourish D) cause further ecological destruction E) cause ecological relationships to disintegrate 1 Dr. Balsy Kasi 7) Which of the following would reduce nutrient pollution in the Mississippi River and Chesapeake 7) Bay watersheds? A) applying fertilizer to lawns and crops just before heavy rainstorms because the fertilizer would then inﬁltrate the soil rather than staying at the surface, where it can contaminate waterways B) closing or update sewage treatment plants that lack a process for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater C) removing the "buﬀers" around streams because they acidify the water D) removing wetlands that are contaminating the waterways with nutrient pollution from wildlife waste and decaying vegetation such as ca ails E) allowing storm runoﬀ from streets and parking lots to enter waterways rather than capturing it in lagoons because the lagoons can contaminate groundwater aquifers 8) Mutualistic relationships between bacteria and certain root nodules play an important role in the 8) global cycling of ________. A) nitrogen B) water C) rock D) phosphorus E) carbon 9) Ecological modeling can help us ________ ecosystem services. 9) A) understand B) create many new C) replace destroyed D) control the growth of E) decrease the cost of maintaining 10) Which of the following describes ma er and energy ﬂow in an ecosystem? 10) A) Energy ﬂows through an ecosystem, whereas ma er is recycled within an ecosystem. B) Ma er and energy both cycle within an ecosystem. C) Ma er and energy ﬂow in opposite directions within an ecosystem. D) Ma er and energy both ﬂow through an ecosystem. E) Ma er ﬂows through an ecosystem, whereas energy is recycled within an ecosystem. 2