Blood Transfusions Transfusion: Sign & symptoms: Fever/back pain Cardiac Biomarkers DVT : Risk- Obesity/ Immobility BLS , ACLS Shocks (Anaphylactic, Hypovolemia, Neurogenic, Cardiogenic, Septic) Neurogenic- Bradycardia Cardiogenic/Anaphylaxis/Hypovolemic – low cardiac output & tissue perfusion, Kidneys fail <30ml urine Septic- Hypotension, Tachycardia MONA (MI) EKG COPD : Slow progression, it is common and arises from asthma, or other pulmonary diseases, take medication regularly and avoid triggers, such as smoking Pneumothorax : air in the pleura space, trachea deviation to the unaffected side, collapsed lung, tx - chest tube below the pt chest, Thoracentesis Pericarditis, and Cardiac Tamponade Pulmonary Embolus : Blockage of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a blood clot, typically originating from deep vein thrombosis. Dilated Cardiomyopathy : Heart muscle disease is characterized by the enlargement of the heart chambers and reduced pumping ability. HTN + Beta Blockers : reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Pacemakers : BE CAREFUL WITH MRI’s Risk of CAD : fat, plaque, or clots getting stuck in arteries and causing heart attacks Heart Failure ( Left vs Right) left-sided heart failure affecting the lungs and right-sided heart failure affecting the body's circulation. Anemia (Iron deficiency, Pernicious, etc..) Myocardial Infraction MI LABS – Cardiac enzymes (Troponin, CK-MB) Symptoms: Hypotension, left arm pain, dizziness, dyspnea Women: epigastric pain Male: Jaw pain Cardiac Medications + Blood thinners + Nitrates Venous Insufficiency : Swelling of the legs, venous ulcerations Thoracotomy : Surgical procedure involving incision into the chest wall. Ventilators and Oxygenation : The u pper respiratory system warms and filters inspired air Lower respiratory system accomplishes gas exchange/diffusion ABG Asthma Exacerbation Diet for Cardiac Disease pts. : low sodium, low cholesterol, and heart-healthy foods. Laryngectomy : Surgical procedure involving incision into the chest wall. Emphysema Chest Tubes Pulmonary Tuberculosis HIV AIDS Labs values and their indication (CBC, CMP) Effects of chemotherapy and radiation on immune system Immunodeficiency SLE Lobectomy Dx of HIV and AIDS Electrolytes and Diets (rich and poor nutritional value of each electrolyte) Review electrolytes** Pre Op , Intra Op, Post Op