Deaf Culture Part 1 Vocab

What is American Sign Language (ASL)? A language capable of expressing abstract ideas. A language utilizing space and movement to convey meaning. Historically, ASL is related to? French sign language ASL is used by most deaf people in which of the following countries? Canada and the United States Approximately what percent of deaf people marry or are married to other deaf people? 90% ASL is traditionally handed down from generation to generation through residential schools for the deaf and deaf family members. The role of facial expressions, head movements, and eye gaze in ASL is primarily grammatical. While watching another person sign, it is appropriate to focus on the signer's face. Among ASL signers, fingerspelling is mainly used in what ways? To specify brand names and to give names to people and places. ASL makes use of the space in front of a signer's body to convey Distance, and contrast two people, places, things, or ideas. Express time concepts. To get the attention of a Deaf person who is looking the other way, you should tap him/ her on the shoulder. If your path is blocked by two signers conversing with each other, you should go ahead and walkthrough. Which of the following are considered rude by deaf people? Watching a signed conversation Talking (using voice) in the presence of Deaf people. In general, the least effective communication strategy between Def and hearing people is speech and lip reading Which of the following are valued in the deaf community? For a community to govern its own rights. Being kept informed about the community and its members. To have a sense of social obligation and duty to the group. To develop long-term relationships. Which names are inappropriate when identifying the deaf? Deaf and dumb. Deaf mutes. Hearing impaired. Hard of hearing. Audism: Discrimination against Deaf individuals Deaf: Community who share common values, norms, traditions, language, and behaviors. deaf: Refer to audiology or grew up with mainstream Hard of hearing: Can talk and hear some. Use hearing aids. Not a member of the deaf community. Deafened: deafness that happened post-lingual, any time after the development of speech and language. Hearing Impaired: Someone who is hard of hearing or has no hearing. Doesn't like the term deaf. Identify as hearing. Hearing: identify people who are members of American culture. Ability to talk Can hearing people ever become core members of the deaf community? No Audiological reasons: people who are deaf form the core of the community. Political reasons: those who wish to exert influence on matters, which affect the Deaf community, and may include parents and workers. Linguistic reasons: the ability to use and understand sign language. Also, the level of fluency in this language will indicate the level of acceptance in the community. Social reasons: the ability to satisfactorily participate in social functions of the Deaf community CODA: Child of a deaf adult SODA: Sibling of a Deaf adult Martha's Vineyard: A town where the whole town used sign language 1952 ASL: American Sign Language. A language of signs and gestures. Pidgin Signed English: A combination of ASL and English word order. Signed Exact English (SEE): A form of sign language that uses English grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. Manually Coded English MCE: Made up of signs that are a visual code for spoken English Total communication: The philosophy that every child has access to language. Simultaneous communication: Signing and talking at the same time Cued speech: A visual communication with vocal sounds Rochester Method: fingerspelling everything Home Signs (kitchen signs): are signs/ gestures developed at home. British Sign Language BSL: Most commonly used in Britain. SSI: Social Security Insurance SDI: Social Disability Insurance 1800: Milan Conference- Oral education 1880: Hellen Keller 1960: First linguistic book and defense of ASL as a language by William Stoke Signed essential English: SEE 1-A system of manual communication that strives to be an exact representation of English vocabulary and grammar. Oralism: The education of deaf students through oral language by using lip reading, speech, and mimicking the mouth shapes and breathing patterns of speech instead of using sign language within the classroom. Contact Sign: A variety or style of language that arises from contact between a deaf sign language and an oral language (or the written or manually coded form of the oral language). The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - Section 504: Protected the rights of individuals with disabilities in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance. PL 94-142 in 1975: Education for all handicapped children act Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications, and government activities. Residential Schools for the Deaf: Must be deaf or HOH to attend. The first school was established in Hartford Connecticut. Day School programs: same as Co-op The ADA was signed by who? President George W. Bush Sr ADA Title I: Regulates employment ADA Title II: Relates to court, schools, or recreational centers ADA Title III: Private schools, private banks, private museums ADA Title IV: Relay services ADA title V: Small entities that do not fall under the other titled Oral schools for the Deaf: Teaches speech and lip reading to deaf and hard of hearing students Mainstreaming environments: When deaf or hard of hearing students are integrated into hearing schools. Post-secondary education: Gallaudet, C-son, Sweid, NTID When was Gallaudet founded? 1864 When was C-Son founded? 1964 When was NTID Founded? 1968 When was Sweid founded? 1980 RAD: Royal Association for Deaf people NFSD: National Fraternal Society of the Deaf RID: Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf CAID: Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf VR: Video Relay NAD: National Association of the Deaf TC: Total Communication ASLTA: American Sign Language Teachers Association PEPNet: Promising an effective practicing Network MCE: Manually Coded English NCOD: National Center on Deafness ADA: Americans with Disabilities Act TSD: Texas school for the deaf SEE I: Signing Exact English WASLI: World association of sign language interpreters DSA: Deaf sports association CSUN: California state university, Northridge IDEA: Individuals with disabilities education act CIT: Conference of interpreter trainers SHHH: Self-help for hard of hearing MDAP: Miss deaf America Pagent TDD: Telecommunication device for the deaf DCARA: Deaf counseling advocacy and referral agency AADB: American association of the deaf-blind NTD: National theater of the deaf BEI: Board of education of interpreters PSE: Pidgin signed English TAD: Texas association of the deaf NAOBI: National alliance of black interpreters CSD: Communication services for the deaf DAW: Deaf awareness week USADSF: USA deaf sports federation SimCom: Simultaneous communication IDC: Intertribal deaf council VP: Video phone CODA: Child of a deaf adult NTID: National technical institute for the deaf CCIE: Commission of collegiate interpreter education TSID: Texas school for interpreters for the deaf GU: Gallaudet university WFD: World federation of the deaf BDA: British deaf association ASDC: American society for deaf children ITP: Interpreter training program AAAD: American athlete association of the deaf WRAD: World recreation association of the deaf SEE II: Seeing essential English CDI: Certified deaf interpreter DWU: Deaf women united GHID: Greater Houston interpreter for the deaf DST: Deaf standard time Who was the first president of NAD? George Veditz DPN: Deaf president now When did DPN happen? March 1988 What were the demands made at DPN? The current hearing president had to step down, Steel man had to step down, No repercussions for the students and 51% of the committee had to be deaf Who were the leaders of DPN? Bridgetta Bourne-Firl, Jerry Covell, Greg Hilbok, Tim Rarus LOVE: Linguistic of visual English 1500s: Deaf education begins (speech) 1620: Juan Pablo Bonet wrote a manual of alphabetic signs for the deaf 1760: First free public school for the deaf in France. Fingerspelling was created 1760: Samuel Heinicke taught the German method, Having the deaf person touch the throat of the speaker 1788: Charles De L'Eppe published a French Sign Language dictionary 1817: First American school for the deaf was founded by Gallaudet and Clerc 1818: New York institution for the instruction of the deaf and dumb was founded 1820: Pennsylvania school for the deaf was founded 1823: Kentucky school for the deaf opens 1837: The first catholic school for the deaf opens 1839: The Virginia school for the deaf and blind opens 1847: Higher education for the deaf proposed 1850: A deaf state is proposed 1864: Enabling act, Gallaudet college opens 1867: Lexington school opens in NYC 1870: Alexander graham bell invents the telephone 1880: Conference of Milan enforces oral education 1890: NAD is founded 1880-1920: Deaf players change baseball and football 1892: Electrical hearing aids are invented 1894: The national deaf mute college is renamed as Gallaudet college 1901: The first electric hearing aid is developed 1910-1950: WWI- deaf jobs skyrocket 1957: First African American woman to graduate from Gallaudet 1958: Captioned films were established for the deaf 1960: Phone for the deaf invented, NTID established, TTY invented 1966: NTD is established 1970: Total communication leads to mainstreaming 1972: Program captioning introduced 1973: Disabled gain right to equal access (rehabilitation act) 1975: Disabled children guaranteed to receive a free and appropriate education. 1985: Cochlear implants were approved 1986: Gallaudet becomes a university 1987: Deaf actress wins oscar 1998: DPN 1990: ADA passed 1992: ADA signed 1995: First deaf miss America crowned 2003: BSL real languish 2004: Deaf documentary 2006: 560 million people in the world with a hearing loss