Chapter 1 Practice Worksheet. Matter and Measurement

Name: ___KEY_____________ Section: ____________ Chapter 1 Practice Worksheet: Matter and Measurement 1) What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called? _families or groups_______________ 2) What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called? __periods______________ 3) Name the following groups and list three elements (with symbols) in each one: Group Name Elements and symbols Group 1A _Alkali metals______________ _Na, K, Rb_______ Group 2A _Alkaline Earth metals_______ _Mg, Ca, Sr______ Group 7A _Halogens_________________ _F, Cl, Br________ Group 8A _Noble Gases_______________ _Ar, Kr, Ne______ 4) Use metric prefixes to calculate the following conversions: a. 156 cm = __1.56_______________ m b. 4.870 km = _4.870 x 105___________ cm c. 7809 mL = __7.809 x 10-6_________ ML d. 98.412 GL = _9.8412 x 1012________ cL e. 1234 m = _1.234 x 10-3___________ m f. 675 nm = _6.75 x 10-7_____________ m g. 0.00549 kg = _5.49 x 103___________ mg 5) How many significant figures are in each of the following measurements? a. 0.002960 g __4____ b. 1000.00 g __6____ c. 100,000 g __unknown____ d. 1.000 x 102 g __4____ e. 1.20980 g __6____ 6) Write the result of each calculation. Remember to include units and the correct number of significant figures. a. (200.5 m + 2.59 m) x 60.7 m = 1.23 x 104 m2 b. (3.3 x 10-4 g) ÷ (9.9 x 10-5 mL) = 3.3 g/mL c. (1.0 x 105 s) x (15.0 m/s) = 1.5 x 106 m d. (25.8 g) ÷ (2.00 g/mL) = 12.9 mL e. 153.6789 g – 42.3409 g = 111.3380 g page 1 Name: ___KEY_____________ Section: ____________ 7) Temperature Conversions: a. Room temperature is about 25 oC. What is this temperature in units of Kelvin? 298 K b. The temperature at which carbon dioxide sublimes is about 195 K. What is this temperature in units of degrees Celsius? -78 oC c. Which of the following temperatures is/are impossible? 0 K is the lowest possible temperature that can be obtained. 4000 K 4000 oC -200 K -200 oC -400 oC 8) Unit Conversions: a. Convert 10.0 miles/hour to meters/second. Use the conversion factors given in the text. 4.47 m/s b. Convert 5.0 cm3 to L. 5.0 x 10-3 L c. Convert 3.0 cm3 to mm3. Watch the cubed units. 3.0 x 103 mm3 9) Given that the density of olive oil is 0.92 g/mL, calculate the following: a. The mass of 20.0 mL of olive oil. 18 g b. The volume of 20.0 g of olive oil. 22 mL 10) Which of the following metals will occupy the largest volume per gram of metal? (Hint: Is this asking for the least dense or most dense material?) Gold d = 19.3 g/cm3 Mercury d = 13.55 g/cm3 Lead d = 11.3 g/cm3 page 2 Name: ___KEY_____________ Section: ____________ 11) What is the difference between accuracy and precision? Accuracy: how close your measurement(s) is/are to a “right” answer; Precision: how close repeated measurements are to each other. 12) If your car uses 22.0 miles per gallon and you go on a 400.0-mile road trip, how much gas do you need. If your tank is 16.0 gallons, how many times do you have to fill up. If gas costs $3.27/gallon, how much did you spend on gas (assuming you bought just enough to reach your destination)? 18.2 gallons needed, $59.5 spent on that much gas, fill up twice (once at the beginning, obviously; and again before you hit E). If you filled up both times, how much would you spend on gas? 13) A package of aluminum foil contains 100.0ft2 of product and weighs exactly 1.1 lb. The density of aluminum foil is 2.70 g/cm3. Find the thickness of the aluminum foil in millimeters. (1 lb = 453.6 g) Thickness = 2.0 x 10-2 mm page 3