Quiz 1 1) Which gases in the upper atmosphere shields the earth’s surface from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays? – ozone 2) The only substance found naturally in the lower atmosphere that can exist as a solid, a liquid, and a gas is ____. --water 3) What is the weather element that involves the horizontal movement of air? -- wind 4) The word "weather" is defined as____. – the condition of the atmosphere at any particle time and place 5) Which gas is responsible for the temperature inversion in the stratosphere? -- ozone 6) Lines of latitude on a map represent the ____. – distance north or south from the equator 7) The boundary that separates sharp changes in temperature, humidity, and wind direction is known as a(n) ____. -- front 8) A radiosonde ____. – measures the vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and humidity. 9) Atmospheric concentrations of ____ can vary significantly depending on time and location. – water vapor 10) During the summer months at the North Pole, the sun does not set for ____. – 6 months 11) The average summer temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere are cooler than the average summer temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere because ____. – over 80% of the Southern Hemisphere is covered with water. 12) Which of the following provides a measure of the average speed of the atoms and molecules in air? -- temperature 13) The earth emits infrared radiation ____. – continuously 14) The earth emits radiation with greatest intensity at ____. – infrared wavelengths 15) Which region of the sun’s electromagnetic spectrum is most responsible for human skin cancer? -- ultraviolet 16) The freezing of pure water is 32° on the ____ scale. -- Fahrenheit 17) The atmospheric greenhouse effect is due primarily to the fact that ___. – carbon dioxide and water vapor absorb infrared radiation. 18) When it is January and winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is ____ in the Southern Hemisphere. – January and summer 19) The thermometer that has a small dumbbell-shaped index marker in the bore is called a(n) ____. – minimum thermometer 20) What is used as an index for fuel consumption? – heating degree-days 21) An ideal shelter for housing a temperature-measurement instrument should be ____. --white 22) In a hilly region, the best place to plant crops that are sensitive to low temperatures is ___. – along the hillsides 23) A thermometer with a small constriction just above the bulb is a(n) ____. – maximum thermometer 24) 0 The thermometer most likely to contain alcohol is the ____. – minimum thermometer Quiz 1 25) Assuming that the night will remain clear, calm, and unsaturated, the predicted minimum temperature is 32°F. Suddenly, the wind speed increases and remains gusty throughout the night. The minimum temperature will most likely be ____. – higher than predicted due to mixing.