Matter and Energy Review Questons

1. Which sample of CO₂ has a definite shape and a definite volume? (1) CO₂(aq) (2) CO₂(g) (3) CO₂(l) (4) CO₂(s) 2. A mixture of sand and table salt can be separated by filtration because the substances in the mixture differ in (1) boiling point (2) density at STP (3) freezing point (4) solubility in water   3. At STP, which physical property of aluminum always remains the same from sample to sample? (1) mass (2) density (3) length (4) volume   4. Which statement describes a chemical property of silicon? (1) Silicon has a blue-gray color. (2) Silicon is a brittle solid at 20.°C. (3) Silicon melts at 1414°C. (4) Silicon reacts with fluorine.   5. Which statement describes a chemical change? (1) Alcohol evaporates. (2) Water vapor forms snowflakes. (3) Table salt (NaCl) is crushed into powder. (4) Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen produce CO₂ and H₂O.   6. The temperature of a sample of matter is a measure of the (1) average kinetic energy of its particles (2) average potential energy of its particles (3) total kinetic energy of its particles (4) total potential energy of its particles   7. In a laboratory where the air temperature is 22°C, a steel cylinder at 100°C is submerged in a sample of water at 40.°C. In this system, heat flows from   (1) both the air and the water to the cylinder (2) both the cylinder and the air to the water (3) the air to the water and from the water to the cylinder (4) the cylinder to the water and from the water to the air   8. Which sample of matter sublimes at room temperature and standard pressure? (1) Br₂(l) (2) Cl₂(g) (3) CO₂(s) (4) SO₂(aq) 9. Given the balanced equation representing a reaction: Cl₂ → Cl + Cl What occurs during this reaction? (1) A bond is broken as energy is absorbed. (2) A bond is broken as energy is released. (3) A bond is formed as energy is absorbed.   (4) A bond is formed as energy is released. 10. Given the diagram representing a heating curve for a substance: [Diagram of a heating curve with labels A, B, C, D, E, and F on the x-axis and Temperature on the y-axis]   During which time interval is the average kinetic energy of the particles of the substance constant while the potential energy of the particles increases?   (1) AC (2) BC (3) CD (4) DF   11. At STP, both diamond and graphite are solids composed of carbon atoms. These solids have (1) the same crystal structure and the same properties (2) the same crystal structure and different properties (3) different crystal structures and the same properties   (4) different crystal structures and different properties   Text: The text includes multiple-choice questions, answer choices, and some explanations. Diagram: A heating curve diagram is included in question 10. Handwritten notes: There are some handwritten notes and markings on the page, such as underlining and circling of answers. 12. Which diagram represents a mixture of two different molecular forms of the same element? (1) [Diagram with two different arrangements of the same element] (2) [Diagram with two different arrangements of the same element] (3) [Diagram with two different arrangements of the same element] (4) [Diagram with two different arrangements of the same element] 13. The temperature of a sample of matter is a measure of the (1) total kinetic energy of the particles in the sample (2) total potential energy of the particles in the sample (3) average potential energy of the particles in the sample (4) average kinetic energy of the particles in the sample   14. A compound is broken down by chemical means during (1) chromatography (2) distillation (3) electrolysis (4) filtration 15. What occurs in order to break the bond in a Cl₂ molecule? (1) Energy is absorbed. (2) Energy is released. (3) The molecule creates energy. (4) The molecule destroys energy.   16. Which type of energy is associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules in a sample of air? (1) chemical energy (2) electrical energy (3) nuclear energy (4) thermal energy   17. Which substance can not be broken down by a chemical change? (1) ammonia (2) mercury (3) propane (4) water 18. Which pair represents two forms of an element in the same phase at STP but with different structures and different properties?   (1) H₂(s) and H₂(g) (2) Hg(l) and Hg(g) (3) O₂(g) and O₃(g) (4) H₂O(s) and H₂O(l) 19. Which diagram represents a physical change, only? (1) [Diagram showing a change in the arrangement of atoms] (2) [Diagram showing a change in the arrangement of atoms] (3) [Diagram showing a change in the arrangement of atoms] (4) [Diagram showing a change in the arrangement of atoms]