University:
High School
Course:
High School Chemistry
Academic year:

2019
Views:

155

Pages:

2
Author:

mareangely2

AP Chemistry Orbital Hybridization & Molecular Orbitals PRACTICE TEST Which hybridization is associated with a steric number of 3? a) sp b) sp² c) sp³ d) sp³d e) sp³d² The molecule BrF₃ has a steric number of ___ on the central atom? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 What is the hybridization of Br in BrF₃? a) sp b) sp² c) sp³ d) sp³d e) sp³d² How many equivalent sp³d orbitals are there? a) 3 b) 1 c) 5 d) 6 What type of hybridization is associated with a square planar molecular shape? a) sp³1 1. www.cabarrus.k12.nc.us www.cabarrus.k12.nc.us b) sp² c) sp d) sp³d e) sp³d² What shape for electron pairs is associated with sp³d² hybridization? a) linear b) square planar c) bent d) tetrahedral e) octahedral What hybridization is predicted for phosphorus in the PCl₃ molecule? a) sp b) sp² c) sp³ d) sp³d e) sp³d² A double bond contains ___ sigma bond(s) and ___ pi bond(s). a) 0, 2 b) 1, 2 c) 2, 0 d) 1, 1 What angle exists between orbitals in sp³d² hybrid orbitals? a) 90.0° b) 180.0° c) 109.5° d) 120.0° e) 78.5° Which of the following elements is most likely to display sp³d hybridization? a) oxygen b) nitrogen c) phosphorus d) carbon e) boron How many sigma (σ) and pi (π) electron pairs are in a carbon dioxide molecule? a) four σ and zero π b) two σ and two π c) three σ and one π d) two σ and four π e) one σ and three π What is the hybridization of the oxygen atoms in CH₃OH and CO₂, respectively? a) sp³, sp² b) sp³, sp c) sp², sp² d) sp², sp e) sp³, sp³ All of the following species contain two π-bonds EXCEPT a) SCN⁻ b) CO₂ c) H₂CCO d) OCS e) N₂O 14. Which response contains all the characteristics that should apply to BF₃? * 1. trigonal planar * 2. one unshared pair of electrons on B * 3. polar molecule * 4. polar bonds * 5. sp² hybridized boron atom * a) 2, 4, and 5 * b) 1, 3, and 4 * c) 1, 2, and 3 * d) 1, 3, and 5 * e) 3, 4, and 5 15. Consider the structural formula for acetic acid, HC₂H₃O₂ or CH₃COOH. Indicate the type of hybridization used by each of the carbon and oxygen atoms. * Image of an acetic acid molecule with the hybridization of each carbon and oxygen atom labeled (sp² or sp³) 16. Consider the structural formula for the acetate ion, C₂H₃O₂⁻ or CH₃COO⁻. Indicate the hybridization used by each of the carbon and oxygen atoms. * Image of an acetate ion with the hybridization of each carbon and oxygen atom labeled (sp² or sp³) 17. What shape of π bond is formed in the above ion? * bent or angular 18. Briefly explain why carbon as graphite (a non-metal) can conduct electricity. * All the atoms in graphite are sp² hybridized to each other, forming flat sheets. The extra electron is delocalized and is free to move between the sheets of graphite, which conducts electricity. 19. When BF₃ + NH₃ → BF₃NH₃, how does the hybridization of the boron atom change, if at all? * Image showing the reaction between BF₃ and NH₃ * Boron changes from sp² hybridized (trigonal planar) to sp³ hybridized (tetrahedral geometry)