Identifying Nutrients Gizmo Worksheet

Name: Hannah Rosenbusch Activity A: Identifying nutrients Date: Get the Gizmo ready: ●​ Click Reset. ●​ Drag Sample A into the Food sample holder. Introduction: Most food is composed of three types of molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. ●​ Carbohydrates such as starches and sugars are major source of energy. Simple sugars are found in sweets and fruits. Starches are found in potatoes, cereal, pasta, flour, and other plant products. ●​ Proteins are used in body structures such as muscles, skin, and hair. Rich sources of proteins include meats, dairy products, and beans. ●​ Lipids (fats and oils) are used for energy, insulation, and as an essential building block of cells. Meats, dairy products, and oily plants such as olives are rich in lipids. Question: How do you test for carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids? 1.​ Test: Under the Benedict test, click Test. Is the Benedict test positive for sample A? Yes Recall that orange is a positive test for monosaccharides (and some disaccharides). 2.​ Test: The Lugol test uses iodine to test for starch, a polysaccharide (complex carbohydrate). Iodine turns dark purple in the presence of starch. Under Lugol test, click Test. Does sample A contain starch? No 3.​ Test: The Biuret test uses a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) to test for protein. The Biuret solution turns purple when proteins are present. Under Biuret test, click Test. Does sample A contain proteins? No 4.​ Test: The Sudan Red test uses a fat-soluble dye, Sudan Red, to indicate the presence of lipids. When lipids are present, the dye will be absorbed into the lipids, and will appear as concentrated spots of color in the test tube. (No spots indicates that lipids are not present.) Under Sudan Red test, click Test. Does sample A contain lipids? No 5.​ Summarize: What nutrients does sample A contain? Sample A contains monosaccharides 6.​ Analyze: What kind of food is sample A most likely to be? (Highlight the food type) Apple juice Baked beans Oatmeal Scrambled eggs Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved Activity B: Get the Gizmo ready: Nutrients and food types ●​ Click Reset. Question: What nutrients does each food sample contain? 1.​ Collect data: Use the four available tests to find the nutritional content of the samples below (Sample A has been done for you as an example.) Record results in the table below. Carbohydrate Tests Protein Test Lipids Test Test results – are these nutrients present? Food sample Benedict test Lugol test Biuret test Sudan Red test Monosaccharides Starches Proteins Lipids A + – – – Yes No No No C - + - - No Yes No No E - - + + No No Yes Yes G - - - - No No No No J - - + + No No Yes Yes M - + - - No Yes No No 2.​ Analyze: Look at the results for samples E, G, and M. A.​ Is sample E most likely to be steak, bread, or butter? Justify your answer. Sample E is most likely steak, since the sample has a combination of protein and fat. B.​ Is sample G most likely to be table sugar, pasta, or olive oil? Justify your answer. Sample G is most likely table sugar since it has no monosaccharides, but it may have disaccharides like sucrose. Pasta would be positive for starch, and olive oil would contain lipids C.​ Is sample M most likely to be chicken, rice, a mango, or butter? Justify your answer. Sample M is most likely rice, since it contains starch, which is found in rice. Other options like chicken have protein, mangoes have monosaccharides, and butter has lipids D.​ Give an example of a food that could be Sample C. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved ​ Sample C could be bread or pasta since it's positive for starch and negative for monosaccharides, proteins and lipids. E.​ Give an example of a food that could be Sample J. Sample J could be cheese, since it's positive for both proteins and fats but not high in starches or monosaccharides 3.​ Draw conclusions: Why is it important to understand the nutritional content of food? Nutritional content is important since what we eat can impact our health. A healthy diet is low in sugar and contains a balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fat. To have a healthy diet, it is important to learn about the nutritional contents of different types of food. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved