University:
High School
Course:
High School Science
Academic year:

2022
Views:

63

Pages:

11
Author:

usarilearlyzs7g

Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores Why do groups differ in intelligence? How can we make sense of these differences? Ethnic Similarities and Differences To discuss this issue we begin with two disturbing but agreed upon facts: 1. Racial groups differ in their average intelligence scores. 2. High-scoring people (and groups) are more likely to attain high levels of education and income. Discussion Which groups in America experienced greatest discrimination and disadvantage? Racial (Group) Differences If we look at racial differences, white Americans score higher in average intelligence than black Americans (Avery and others, 1994). European New Zealanders score higher than native New Zealanders (Braden, 1994). White-Americans Black-Americans Average IQ = 100 Average IQ = 85 Hispanic Americans Performances on Aptitude Tests 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Asian Americans White Americans Latinos Black Americans Native Americans So… are Aptitude tests culturally biased? • YES! Social and cultural experiences! Environmental Effects Differences in intelligence among these groups are largely environmental, as if one environment is more fertile in developing these abilities than another. Reasons Why Environment Affects Intelligence 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Races are remarkably alike genetically. Race is a social category. (concept!) Asian students outperform North American students on math achievement and aptitude tests. Today’s better prepared populations would outperform populations of the 1930s on intelligence tests. White and black infants tend to score equally well on tests predicting future intelligence. Different ethnic groups have experienced periods of remarkable achievement in different eras. Inner City vs Suburbs Stereotype Threat • Situational predicament in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their social group. • Black students who was proctored by a white teacher scored poorly than black students who was proctored by a black teacher. – Real or imagined sense of discrimination Gender Similarities and Differences There are seven ways in which males and females differ in various abilities. 1. Girls are better spellers 2. Girls are verbally fluent and have large vocabularies 3. Girls are better at locating objects 4. Girls are more sensitive to touch, taste, and color 5. Boys outnumber girls in counts of underachievement 6. Boys outperform girls at math problem solving, but under perform at math computation 7. Women detect emotions more easily than men do