University:
Kentucky State University
Course:
CHE 301 | Organic Chemistry I
Academic year:

2021
Views:

157

Pages:

9
Author:

hekeldigzjbz

Lecture 9 - Aldehydes & Ketones Naming of aldehydes: We replace the terminal -e of alkane with -al The parent chain must contain -C-H or -CHO CH3-C-H || O Ethanal Acetaldehyde (Common) CH3-CH2-C-H || O Propanal Propionaldehyde (Common) CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-C-H | CH3 CH3 2-Ethyl-4-methylpentanal Cl | CH3-CH-CH2-C-H | CH3 name: 2-(1-Chloroethyl)-4-methylpentanal Cyclic structures with -CHO We use the suffix -carbaldehyde Always numbered with 1 C-H | C6H11 cyclohexane carbaldehyde C-H | C10H7 2-naphthalene carbaldehyde IUPAC: Benzene carbaldehyde ✓ OR (Benzaldehyde) Common but accepted as IUPAC **Common Names for Aldehydes** | Formula | Common Name | Systematic Name | |---|---|---| | O || H-C-H | Formaldehyde | Methanal | | O || CH3-C-H | Acetaldehyde | Ethanal | | O || H2C=CH-C-H | Acrolein | Propenal | | O || C6H5-C-H | Benzaldehyde | Benzene-Carbaldehyde | | O || CH3CH=CH-C-H | Crotonaldehyde | 2-Butenal | **Naming of Ketones** * Replace the terminal -e of alkane with -one * Parent chain is the longest chain that contains the ketone. CH3CH2CCH2CH3 || O 4-Hexen-2-one CH3CCH2CCH3 || || O O 2,4-Hexanedione **Common Names** O || CH3-C-CH3 **Acetone** O || C6H5-C-CH3 **Acetophenone** O || C6H5-C-C6H5 **Benzophenone** **Ketones & Aldehydes as substituents:** Other functional groups: O || CH3CH2CH2-C-OH **2-Oxo-Butanoic Acid** CH3CH2CH2-C-OCH3 || O **Methyl 3-oxohexanoate** R-C=O **Acyl group** O || H-C-X **Formyl** O || C6H5-C-X **Benzoyl** **Common Names** **Benzyl** C6H5-CH2-

Aldegydes & Ketones

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